DOI: 10.1063/1.1435422. Improved light out-coupling in organic light emitting diodes employing ordered microlens arrays

Improved light out-coupling in organic light emitting diodes employing ordered microlens arrays

10.1063/1.1435422

Crossref journal-article

AIP Publishing

Journal of Applied Physics (317)

Abstract

We demonstrate that ordered microlens arrays with 10 μm diam poly-dimethyl-siloxane lenses attached to glass substrates increase the light output of organic light emitting devices (OLED) by a factor of 1.5 over unlensed substrates. The lenses, which are considerably smaller than, and not aligned to the OLEDs, outcouple light that is emitted outside of the escape cone of the substrate. We show that an electrophosphorescent device based on a fac tris(2-phenylpyridine)Iridium (Ir(ppy)3) doped emitting layer has its external quantum efficiency increased from 9.5% using a flat glass substrate, to 14.5% at low current densities using a substrate with microlenses. No change in the emission spectrum is observed for different viewing angles using the lens arrays.

Bibliography

MÃ¶ller, S., & Forrest, S. R. (2002). Improved light out-coupling in organic light emitting diodes employing ordered microlens arrays. Journal of Applied Physics, 91(5), 3324â3327.

Authors 2

S. Möller (first)
S. R. Forrest (additional)

References 18 Referenced 581

10.1103/PhysRevB.58.3730 / Phys. Rev. B (1998)
10.1063/1.1409582 / J. Appl. Phys. (2001)
10.1063/1.1385182 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (2001)
10.1063/1.324530 / J. Appl. Phys. (1978)
{'key': '2024021102042440100_r5'}
10.1063/1.110575 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (1993)
{'key': '2024021102042440100_r7'}
10.1063/1.123817 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (1999)
10.1063/1.109348 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (1993)
{'key': '2024021102042440100_r10'}
10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.3294 / Phys. Rev. Lett. (1997)
10.1109/50.803000 / J. Lightwave Technol. (1999)
10.1002/1521-4095(200101)13:2<123::AID-ADMA123>3.0.CO;2-D / Adv. Mater. (2001)
10.1063/1.126124 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (2000)
10.1364/OL.22.000396 / Opt. Lett. (1997)
10.1063/1.125997 / Appl. Phys. Lett. (2000)
10.1002/1521-4095(200108)13:15<1149::AID-ADMA1149>3.0.CO;2-2 / Adv. Mater. (2001)
10.1038/380029a0 / Nature (London) (1996)

Dates

Type	When
Created	23 years, 1 month ago (July 26, 2002, 9:26 a.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 6 months ago (Feb. 10, 2024, 9:04 p.m.)
Indexed	1 month, 3 weeks ago (July 13, 2025, 10:33 p.m.)
Issued	23 years, 6 months ago (March 1, 2002)
Published	23 years, 6 months ago (March 1, 2002)
Published Print	23 years, 6 months ago (March 1, 2002)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{M_ller_2002, title={Improved light out-coupling in organic light emitting diodes employing ordered microlens arrays}, volume={91}, ISSN={1089-7550}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1435422}, DOI={10.1063/1.1435422}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Applied Physics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Möller, S. and Forrest, S. R.}, year={2002}, month=mar, pages={3324–3327} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        7,
        14
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-07-14T02:33:25Z",
    "timestamp": 1752460405877
  },
  "reference-count": 18,
  "publisher": "AIP Publishing",
  "issue": "5",
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [
      "pubs.aip.org"
    ],
    "crossmark-restriction": true
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        3,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:p>We demonstrate that ordered microlens arrays with 10 \u03bcm diam poly-dimethyl-siloxane lenses attached to glass substrates increase the light output of organic light emitting devices (OLED) by a factor of 1.5 over unlensed substrates. The lenses, which are considerably smaller than, and not aligned to the OLEDs, outcouple light that is emitted outside of the escape cone of the substrate. We show that an electrophosphorescent device based on a fac tris(2-phenylpyridine)Iridium (Ir(ppy)3) doped emitting layer has its external quantum efficiency increased from 9.5% using a flat glass substrate, to 14.5% at low current densities using a substrate with microlenses. No change in the emission spectrum is observed for different viewing angles using the lens arrays.</jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1063/1.1435422",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        7,
        26
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2002-07-26T13:26:45Z",
    "timestamp": 1027690005000
  },
  "page": "3324-3327",
  "update-policy": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/aip-crossmark-policy-page",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 581,
  "title": "Improved light out-coupling in organic light emitting diodes employing ordered microlens arrays",
  "prefix": "10.1063",
  "volume": "91",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "S.",
      "family": "M\u00f6ller",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering and Princeton Materials Institute, Center for Photonics and Optoelectronic Materials (POEM), Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey\u200908544"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "S. R.",
      "family": "Forrest",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering and Princeton Materials Institute, Center for Photonics and Optoelectronic Materials (POEM), Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey\u200908544"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "317",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3730",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevB.58.3730",
      "volume": "58",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. B"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "5048",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1409582",
      "volume": "90",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r3",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "156",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1385182",
      "volume": "79",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r4",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "6103",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.324530",
      "volume": "49",
      "year": "1978",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r5"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r6",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2174",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.110575",
      "volume": "63",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r7"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2256",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.123817",
      "volume": "74",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "131",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.109348",
      "volume": "62",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r10"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r11",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3294",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.3294",
      "volume": "78",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r12",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2096",
      "DOI": "10.1109/50.803000",
      "volume": "17",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "J. Lightwave Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "123",
      "DOI": "10.1002/1521-4095(200101)13:2<123::AID-ADMA123>3.0.CO;2-D",
      "volume": "13",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Adv. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1650",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.126124",
      "volume": "76",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r15",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "396",
      "DOI": "10.1364/OL.22.000396",
      "volume": "22",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "Opt. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1243",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.125997",
      "volume": "76",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r17",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1149",
      "DOI": "10.1002/1521-4095(200108)13:15<1149::AID-ADMA1149>3.0.CO;2-2",
      "volume": "13",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Adv. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024021102042440100_r18",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "29",
      "DOI": "10.1038/380029a0",
      "volume": "380",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Nature (London)"
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Journal of Applied Physics",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/91/5/3324/19056313/3324_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "application/pdf",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "syndication"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/91/5/3324/19056313/3324_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024,
        2,
        11
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2024-02-11T02:04:33Z",
    "timestamp": 1707617073000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/jap/article/91/5/3324/1032126/Improved-light-out-coupling-in-organic-light"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        3,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 18,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "5",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2002,
          3,
          1
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1435422",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0021-8979",
    "1089-7550"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "published-other": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        3,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        3,
        1
      ]
    ]
  }
}