DOI: 10.1063/1.1408260. Taylor cone and jetting from liquid droplets in electrospinning of nanofibers

Taylor cone and jetting from liquid droplets in electrospinning of nanofibers

10.1063/1.1408260

Crossref journal-article

AIP Publishing

Journal of Applied Physics (317)

Abstract

Sessile and pendant droplets of polymer solutions acquire stable shapes when they are electrically charged by applying an electrical potential difference between the droplet and a flat plate, if the potential is not too large. These stable shapes result only from equilibrium of the electric forces and surface tension in the cases of inviscid, Newtonian, and viscoelastic liquids. In liquids with a nonrelaxing elastic force, that force also affects the shapes. It is widely assumed that when the critical potential φ0* has been reached and any further increase will destroy the equilibrium, the liquid body acquires a conical shape referred to as the Taylor cone, having a half angle of 49.3°. In the present work we show that the Taylor cone corresponds essentially to a specific self-similar solution, whereas there exist nonself-similar solutions which do not tend toward a Taylor cone. Thus, the Taylor cone does not represent a unique critical shape: there exists another shape, which is not self-similar. The experiments of the present work demonstrate that the observed half angles are much closer to the new shape. In this article a theory of stable shapes of droplets affected by an electric field is proposed and compared with data acquired in our experimental work on electrospinning of nanofibers from polymer solutions and melts.

Bibliography

Yarin, A. L., Koombhongse, S., & Reneker, D. H. (2001). Taylor cone and jetting from liquid droplets in electrospinning of nanofibers. Journal of Applied Physics, 90(9), 4836â4846.

Authors 3

A. L. Yarin (first)
S. Koombhongse (additional)
D. H. Reneker (additional)

References 34 Referenced 717

10.1080/14786448208628425 / Philos. Mag. (1882)
{'key': '2024020516580103500_r2', 'first-page': '71', 'volume': '18', 'year': '1915', 'journal-title': 'Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc.'} / Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. (1915)
{'key': '2024020516580103500_r3', 'first-page': '383', 'volume': '258', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A'} / Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A (1964)
{'key': '2024020516580103500_r4'}
{'key': '2024020516580103500_r5', 'first-page': '1463', 'volume': '7', 'year': '1937', 'journal-title': 'JETP'} / JETP (1937)
{'key': '2024020516580103500_r5a'}
{'key': '2024020516580103500_r6', 'first-page': '666', 'volume': '32', 'year': '1977', 'journal-title': 'J. Eng. Phys.'} / J. Eng. Phys. (1977)
10.1017/S0022112095002266 / J. Fluid Mech. (1995)
10.1115/1.2791775 / J. Appl. Mech. (1999)
10.1103/PhysRev.31.900 / Phys. Rev. (1928)
10.1007/BF00614764 / Appl. Phys. A: Solids Surf. (1984)
{'key': '2024020516580103500_r11'}
{'key': '2024020516580103500_r12'}
10.1063/1.373532 / J. Appl. Phys. (2000)
10.1063/1.1333035 / J. Appl. Phys. (2001)
10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00068-3 / Polymer (1999)
10.1017/S0022112099006266 / J. Fluid Mech. (1999)
{'key': '2024020516580103500_r17'}
10.1006/jcis.1993.1482 / J. Colloid Interface Sci. (1993)
10.1098/rspa.1999.0316 / Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A (1999)
10.1088/0305-4470/24/17/021 / J. Phys. A (1991)
10.1209/0295-5075/27/8/004 / Europhys. Lett. (1994)
10.1088/0022-3727/33/11/301 / J. Phys. D (2000)
10.1016/0375-9601(94)90387-5 / Phys. Lett. A (1994)
10.1088/0022-3727/15/11/006 / J. Phys. D (1982)
10.1088/0022-3727/15/7/027 / J. Phys. D (1982)
10.1116/1.588537 / J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B (1996)
10.1017/S0022112092002829 / J. Fluid Mech. (1992)
{'key': '2024020516580103500_r28'}
10.1122/1.551102 / J. Rheol. (2000)
10.1017/S0022112096004466 / J. Fluid Mech. (1997)
10.1016/S0021-8502(98)00780-0 / J. Aerosol Sci. (1999)
10.1017/S002211209800319X / J. Fluid Mech. (1999)
10.1016/S0021-8502(98)00756-3 / J. Aerosol Sci. (1999)

Dates

Type	When
Created	23 years, 1 month ago (July 26, 2002, 9:26 a.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 6 months ago (Feb. 5, 2024, 12:29 p.m.)
Indexed	13 hours, 59 minutes ago (Aug. 31, 2025, 7:33 p.m.)
Issued	23 years, 10 months ago (Nov. 1, 2001)
Published	23 years, 10 months ago (Nov. 1, 2001)
Published Print	23 years, 10 months ago (Nov. 1, 2001)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Yarin_2001, title={Taylor cone and jetting from liquid droplets in electrospinning of nanofibers}, volume={90}, ISSN={1089-7550}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1408260}, DOI={10.1063/1.1408260}, number={9}, journal={Journal of Applied Physics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Yarin, A. L. and Koombhongse, S. and Reneker, D. H.}, year={2001}, month=nov, pages={4836–4846} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        8,
        31
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-08-31T23:33:10Z",
    "timestamp": 1756683190646
  },
  "reference-count": 34,
  "publisher": "AIP Publishing",
  "issue": "9",
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [
      "pubs.aip.org"
    ],
    "crossmark-restriction": true
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2001,
        11,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:p>Sessile and pendant droplets of polymer solutions acquire stable shapes when they are electrically charged by applying an electrical potential difference between the droplet and a flat plate, if the potential is not too large. These stable shapes result only from equilibrium of the electric forces and surface tension in the cases of inviscid, Newtonian, and viscoelastic liquids. In liquids with a nonrelaxing elastic force, that force also affects the shapes. It is widely assumed that when the critical potential \u03c60* has been reached and any further increase will destroy the equilibrium, the liquid body acquires a conical shape referred to as the Taylor cone, having a half angle of 49.3\u00b0. In the present work we show that the Taylor cone corresponds essentially to a specific self-similar solution, whereas there exist nonself-similar solutions which do not tend toward a Taylor cone. Thus, the Taylor cone does not represent a unique critical shape: there exists another shape, which is not self-similar. The experiments of the present work demonstrate that the observed half angles are much closer to the new shape. In this article a theory of stable shapes of droplets affected by an electric field is proposed and compared with data acquired in our experimental work on electrospinning of nanofibers from polymer solutions and melts.</jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1063/1.1408260",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        7,
        26
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2002-07-26T13:26:45Z",
    "timestamp": 1027690005000
  },
  "page": "4836-4846",
  "update-policy": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/aip-crossmark-policy-page",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 717,
  "title": "Taylor cone and jetting from liquid droplets in electrospinning of nanofibers",
  "prefix": "10.1063",
  "volume": "90",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "A. L.",
      "family": "Yarin",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion, Haifa\u200932000, Israel"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "S.",
      "family": "Koombhongse",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio\u200944325-3909"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "given": "D. H.",
      "family": "Reneker",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": [
        {
          "name": "Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio\u200944325-3909"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "member": "317",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "184",
      "DOI": "10.1080/14786448208628425",
      "volume": "14",
      "year": "1882",
      "journal-title": "Philos. Mag."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r2",
      "first-page": "71",
      "volume": "18",
      "year": "1915",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r3",
      "first-page": "383",
      "volume": "258",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r4"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r5",
      "first-page": "1463",
      "volume": "7",
      "year": "1937",
      "journal-title": "JETP"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r5a"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r6",
      "first-page": "666",
      "volume": "32",
      "year": "1977",
      "journal-title": "J. Eng. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r7",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "141",
      "DOI": "10.1017/S0022112095002266",
      "volume": "283",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "J. Fluid Mech."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1026",
      "DOI": "10.1115/1.2791775",
      "volume": "66",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Mech."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "900",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.31.900",
      "volume": "31",
      "year": "1928",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r10",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "123",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF00614764",
      "volume": "34",
      "year": "1984",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Phys. A: Solids Surf."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r11"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r12"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "4531",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.373532",
      "volume": "87",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3018",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1333035",
      "volume": "89",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r15",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "4585",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00068-3",
      "volume": "40",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Polymer"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "151",
      "DOI": "10.1017/S0022112099006266",
      "volume": "399",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "J. Fluid Mech."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r17"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r18",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "389",
      "DOI": "10.1006/jcis.1993.1482",
      "volume": "161",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "J. Colloid Interface Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r19",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "329",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspa.1999.0316",
      "volume": "455",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r20",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "4047",
      "DOI": "10.1088/0305-4470/24/17/021",
      "volume": "24",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. A"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r21",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "575",
      "DOI": "10.1209/0295-5075/27/8/004",
      "volume": "27",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Europhys. Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r22",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1245",
      "DOI": "10.1088/0022-3727/33/11/301",
      "volume": "33",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. D"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r23",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "268",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0375-9601(94)90387-5",
      "volume": "184",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Lett. A"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r24",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "L153",
      "DOI": "10.1088/0022-3727/15/11/006",
      "volume": "15",
      "year": "1982",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. D"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1339",
      "DOI": "10.1088/0022-3727/15/7/027",
      "volume": "15",
      "year": "1982",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. D"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r26",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3367",
      "DOI": "10.1116/1.588537",
      "volume": "14",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r27",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "561",
      "DOI": "10.1017/S0022112092002829",
      "volume": "243",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. Fluid Mech."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r28"
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r29",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "595",
      "DOI": "10.1122/1.551102",
      "volume": "44",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "J. Rheol."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r30",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "165",
      "DOI": "10.1017/S0022112096004466",
      "volume": "335",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "J. Fluid Mech."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r31",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "863",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-8502(98)00780-0",
      "volume": "30",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "J. Aerosol Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r32",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "167",
      "DOI": "10.1017/S002211209800319X",
      "volume": "378",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "J. Fluid Mech."
    },
    {
      "key": "2024020516580103500_r33",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "851",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-8502(98)00756-3",
      "volume": "30",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "J. Aerosol Sci."
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Journal of Applied Physics",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/90/9/4836/19130771/4836_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "application/pdf",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "syndication"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/aip/jap/article-pdf/90/9/4836/19130771/4836_1_online.pdf",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024,
        2,
        5
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2024-02-05T17:29:25Z",
    "timestamp": 1707154165000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://pubs.aip.org/jap/article/90/9/4836/843616/Taylor-cone-and-jetting-from-liquid-droplets-in"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2001,
        11,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 34,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "9",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2001,
          11,
          1
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1408260",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0021-8979",
    "1089-7550"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "published-other": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2001,
        11,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2001,
        11,
        1
      ]
    ]
  }
}