DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01834.x. Increased activin levels in cerebrospinal fluid of rabbits with bacterial meningitis are associated with activation of microglia

Increased activin levels in cerebrospinal fluid of rabbits with bacterial meningitis are associated with activation of microglia

10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01834.x

Crossref journal-article

Wiley

Journal of Neurochemistry (311)

Abstract

AbstractActivin, a member of the transforming growth factor superfamily, is upregulated in a number of inflammatory episodes such as septicemia and rheumatoid arthritis. In the CNS, activin has been predominantly assessed in terms of a neuroprotective role. In this report we characterized the activin response in the CNS in a rabbit model of meningitis. In normal animals, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) activin levels were higher than those in serum, indicating an intracranial secretion of this cytokine. Following intracisternal inoculation with Streptococcus pneumoniae, activin in CSF was unchanged for the first 12 h and then rose progressively; levels were increased approximately 15‐fold within 24 h. Activin levels were correlated positively with CSF protein content and with the number of apoptotic neurons in the dentate gyrus. No apparent correlation was observed between CSF activin concentrations and bacterial titer, lactate concentrations or leukocyte density. Using immunohistochemistry, activin staining was localized to epithelial cells of the choroid plexus, cortical neurons and the CA3 region of the hippocampus, with similar staining intensities in both normal and meningitic brains. However, in meningitic brains there was also strong staining in activated microglia and infiltrating macrophages. Taken together, these results demonstrate that activin forms part of the CNS response to immune challenge and may be an important mediator to modulate inflammatory processes in the brain.

Bibliography

Michel, U., Gerber, J., E. OâConnor, A., Bunkowski, S., BrÃ¼ck, W., Nau, R., & Phillips, D. J. (2003). Increased activin levels in cerebrospinal fluid of rabbits with bacterial meningitis are associated with activation of microglia. Journal of Neurochemistry, 86(1), 238â245. Portico.

Authors 7

Uwe Michel (first)
Joachim Gerber (additional)
Anne E. O'Connor (additional)
Stephanie Bunkowski (additional)
Wolfgang Brück (additional)
Roland Nau (additional)
David J. Phillips (additional)

References 41 Referenced 38

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10.1111/j.1750-3639.2001.tb00410.x
10.1128/AAC.45.7.2169-2172.2001
10.1089/hyb.1991.10.309
{'key': 'e_1_2_14_8_1', 'first-page': '311', 'article-title': 'Activin A: a novel player and inflammatory marker in inflammatory bowel disease?', 'volume': '77', 'author': 'Hübner G.', 'year': '1997', 'journal-title': 'Lab. Invest.'} / Lab. Invest. / Activin A: a novel player and inflammatory marker in inflammatory bowel disease? by Hübner G. (1997)
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{'key': 'e_1_2_14_15_1', 'first-page': '25', 'article-title': 'TGF and the regulation of neuron survival and death', 'volume': '96', 'author': 'Krieglstein K.', 'year': '2002', 'journal-title': 'J. Physiol.'} / J. Physiol. / TGF and the regulation of neuron survival and death by Krieglstein K. (2002)
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{'key': 'e_1_2_14_34_1', 'first-page': '1235', 'article-title': 'Regulation of production of activin A in human marrow stromal cells and monocytes', 'volume': '20', 'author': 'Shao L.‐E.', 'year': '1992', 'journal-title': 'Exp. Hematol.'} / Exp. Hematol. / Regulation of production of activin A in human marrow stromal cells and monocytes by Shao L.‐E. (1992)
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Dates

Type	When
Created	22 years, 2 months ago (June 13, 2003, 11:39 a.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 10 months ago (Oct. 14, 2023, 12:10 p.m.)
Indexed	4 months, 3 weeks ago (April 9, 2025, 1:38 a.m.)
Issued	22 years, 2 months ago (July 1, 2003)
Published	22 years, 2 months ago (July 1, 2003)
Published Online	21 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 4, 2004)
Published Print	22 years, 2 months ago (July 1, 2003)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Michel_2003, title={Increased activin levels in cerebrospinal fluid of rabbits with bacterial meningitis are associated with activation of microglia}, volume={86}, ISSN={1471-4159}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01834.x}, DOI={10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01834.x}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Neurochemistry}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Michel, Uwe and Gerber, Joachim and E. O’Connor, Anne and Bunkowski, Stephanie and Brück, Wolfgang and Nau, Roland and Phillips, David J.}, year={2003}, month=jul, pages={238–245} }

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