DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-169x.2001.00549.x. Xoom is maternally stored and functions as a transmembrane protein for gastrulation movement in <i>Xenopus</i> embryos

Xoom is maternally stored and functions as a transmembrane protein for gastrulation movement in Xenopus embryos

10.1046/j.1440-169x.2001.00549.x

Crossref journal-article

Wiley

Development, Growth & Differentiation (311)

Abstract

Xoom has been identified as a novel gene that plays an important role in gastrulation of Xenopus laevis embryo. Although Xoom is actively transcribed during oogenesis, distribution and function of its translation product have not yet been clarified. In the present study, the polyclonal antibody raised against Xoom was generated to investigate a behavior of Xoom protein. Anti‐Xoom antibodies revealed that there are two forms of Xoom protein in Xenopus embryos: (i) a 45 kDa soluble cytoplasmic form; and (ii) a 44 kDa membrane‐associated form. Two forms of Xoom protein were ubiquitously detected from unfertilized egg to tadpole stage, with a qualitative peak during blastula and gastrula stages. Immunohistochemical examination showed that Xoom protein is maternally stored in the animal subcortical layer and divided into presumptive ectodermal cells during cleavage stages. Enzymatic digestion of membrane protein and immunologic detection of Xoom showed that Xoom exists as a membrane‐associated protein. To examine a function of Xoom protein, anti‐Xoom antibodies were injected into blastocoele of stage 7 blastula embryo. Anti‐Xoom antibodies caused gastrulation defect in a dose‐ dependent manner. These results suggest that maternally prepared Xoom protein is involved in gastrulation movement on ectodermal cells.

Bibliography

Hasegawa, K., Sakurai, N., & Kinoshita, T. (2001). Xoom is maternally stored and functions as a transmembrane protein for gastrulation movement in Xenopus embryos. Development, Growth & Differentiation, 43(1), 25â31. Portico.

Authors 3

Kouichi Hasegawa (first)
Nobuko Sakurai (additional)
Tsutomu Kinoshita (additional)

References 24 Referenced 9

10.1006/dbio.1999.9330
10.1242/dev.120.12.3667 / Development / β‐Catenin localization during Xenopus embryogenesis: Accumulation at tissue and somite boundaries. by Fagotto F. (1994)
10.1038/34848
10.1006/dbio.1997.8840
10.1242/dev.103.1.211 / Development / The behavior and function of bottle cells during gastrulation of Xenopus laevis. by Hardin J. (1988)
10.1046/j.1440-169x.2000.00516.x
{'key': 'e_1_2_6_8_1', 'first-page': '479', 'article-title': 'Xoom: a novel oocyte membrane protein maternally expressed and involved in the gastrulation movement of Xenopus embryos.', 'volume': '43', 'author': 'Hasegawa K.', 'year': '1999', 'journal-title': 'Int. J. Dev. Biol.'} / Int. J. Dev. Biol. / Xoom: a novel oocyte membrane protein maternally expressed and involved in the gastrulation movement of Xenopus embryos. by Hasegawa K. (1999)
10.1016/0925-4773(93)90021-O
{'key': 'e_1_2_6_10_1', 'first-page': '201', 'article-title': 'The cellular basis of epiboly: An SEM study of deep cell rearrangement during gastrulation in Xenopus laevis.', 'volume': '60', 'author': 'Keller R. E.', 'year': '1980', 'journal-title': 'J. Embryol. Exp. Morph.'} / J. Embryol. Exp. Morph. / The cellular basis of epiboly: An SEM study of deep cell rearrangement during gastrulation in Xenopus laevis. by Keller R. E. (1980)
Keller R. Shih J.&Domingo C.1992. The patterning and functioning of protrusive activity during convergence and extension of theXenopusorganiser.Development(Suppl.) 81–91. (10.1242/dev.116.Supplement.81)
10.1006/dbio.1995.1288
10.1006/excr.1998.4249
{'key': 'e_1_2_6_14_1', 'first-page': '76', 'article-title': 'Microinjection and expression of synthetic mRNAs in Xenopus embryos.', 'volume': '1', 'author': 'Moon R. T.', 'year': '1989', 'journal-title': 'Technique-J. Methods Cell. Mol. Biol.'} / Technique-J. Methods Cell. Mol. Biol. / Microinjection and expression of synthetic mRNAs in Xenopus embryos. by Moon R. T. (1989)
10.1073/pnas.89.1.11
10.1016/0092-8674(93)90069-3
Nieuwkoop P. D.&Faber J.1967.Normal Table ofXenopus laevis (Daudin). North‐Holland Publishing Amsterdam.
10.1046/j.1440-169X.1998.00009.x
10.1046/j.1440-169x.1999.00449.x
10.1083/jcb.134.1.227
10.1242/dev.122.9.2873 / Development / Integrin‐dependent adhesive activity is spatially controlled by inductive signals at gastrulation. by Ramos J. W. (1996)
10.1016/s0925-4773(99)00119-7
10.1016/0012-1606(90)90159-G
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10.1242/dev.126.16.3703 / Development / Vegetal rotation, a new gastrulation movement involved in the internalization of the mesoderm and endoderm in Xenopus. by Winklbauer R. (1999)

Dates

Type	When
Created	22 years, 5 months ago (March 11, 2003, 9:24 a.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 10 months ago (Oct. 17, 2023, 3:30 p.m.)
Indexed	1 year, 9 months ago (Nov. 17, 2023, 4:14 p.m.)
Issued	24 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 14, 2001)
Published	24 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 14, 2001)
Published Online	17 years, 1 month ago (July 7, 2008)
Published Print	24 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 14, 2001)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Hasegawa_2001, title={Xoom is maternally stored and functions as a transmembrane protein for gastrulation movement in Xenopus embryos}, volume={43}, ISSN={1440-169X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-169x.2001.00549.x}, DOI={10.1046/j.1440-169x.2001.00549.x}, number={1}, journal={Development, Growth & Differentiation}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Hasegawa, Kouichi and Sakurai, Nobuko and Kinoshita, Tsutomu}, year={2001}, month=feb, pages={25–31} }

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