DOI: 10.1038/256376a0. Signal-to-noise ratio of electron micrographs obtained by cross correlation

Signal-to-noise ratio of electron micrographs obtained by cross correlation

10.1038/256376a0

Crossref journal-article

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Nature (297)

Bibliography

Frank, J., & Al-Ali, L. (1975). Signal-to-noise ratio of electron micrographs obtained by cross correlation. Nature, 256(5516), 376â379.

Authors 2

J. Frank (first)
L. Al-Ali (additional)

References 18 Referenced 166

Bershad, N. J., and Rockmore, A. J., IEEE Trans., IT, 20, 112–113 (1974). / IEEE Trans. by NJ Bershad (1974)
Lenz, F., in Electron Microcopy in Material Science, (edit. by Valdre, U.), (Academic, London, 1971). / Electron Microcopy in Material Science by F Lenz (1971)
cf. Hanszen, K.-J., Adv. opt. Elect. Micr. 4, 1–84 (1971). / Adv. opt. Elect. Micr. by K-J cf. Hanszen (1971)
Hanszen, K.-J., and Trepte, L., Optik, 32, 519–538 (1971). / Optik by K-J Hanszen (1971)
Hanszen, K.-J., and Trepte, L., Optik, 33, 182–198 (1971). / Optik by K-J Hanszen (1971)
Frank, J., Optik, 38, 519–536 (1973). / Optik by J Frank (1973)
Goodman, J. W., Introduction to Fourier Optics, (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1968). / Introduction to Fourier Optics by JW Goodman (1968)
Thon, F., Z. Naturforsch., 21 a, 476–478 (1966). (10.1515/zna-1966-0417) / Z. Naturforsch. by F Thon (1966)
Frank, J., Bussler, P. H., Langer, R., and Hoppe, W., Ber. Bunsenges. phys. Chem., 74, 1105–1115 (1970). (10.1002/bbpc.19700741105) / Ber. Bunsenges. phys. Chem. by J Frank (1970)
Brünger, W., and Menz, W., Z. Phys. 184, 271–285 (1965). (10.1007/BF01383823) / Z. Phys. by W Brünger (1965)
Rosenfeld, A., in Picture Processing by Computer, (edit. by Reinholdt, W.), (Academic, London and New York, 1969). (10.1145/356551.356554) / Picture Processing by Computer by A Rosenfeld (1969)
Saxton, W. O., Comp. Graph. Im. Proc., 3, 266–276 (1974). (10.1016/0146-664X(74)90021-5) / Comp. Graph. Im. Proc. by WO Saxton (1974)
Langer, R., Frank, J., Feltynowski, A., and Hoppe, W., Ber. Bunsenges. phys. Chem., 74, 1120–1126 (1970). (10.1002/bbpc.19700741107) / Ber. Bunsenges. phys. Chem. by R Langer (1970)
Saxton, W. O., Eighth Int. Congr. Electron Microscopy Canberra, 1, 314–315 (1974). / Eighth Int. Congr. Electron Microscopy Canberra by WO Saxton (1974)
Krakow, W., Downing, K. H., and Siegel, B. M., Optik, 40, 1–13 (1974). / Optik by W Krakow (1974)
Misell, D. L., J. Phys. D., 6, L1–L5 (1973). (10.1088/0022-3727/6/1/101) / J. Phys. D. by DL Misell (1973)
Frank, J., Optik (in the press).
Frank, J., J. Phys. E. (in the press).

Dates

Type	When
Created	20 years ago (Aug. 3, 2005, 2:07 p.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 6 months ago (Jan. 28, 2024, 8:22 a.m.)
Indexed	3 months, 3 weeks ago (May 1, 2025, 11:41 a.m.)
Issued	50 years, 1 month ago (July 1, 1975)
Published	50 years, 1 month ago (July 1, 1975)
Published Print	50 years, 1 month ago (July 1, 1975)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Frank_1975, title={Signal-to-noise ratio of electron micrographs obtained by cross correlation}, volume={256}, ISSN={1476-4687}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/256376a0}, DOI={10.1038/256376a0}, number={5516}, journal={Nature}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Frank, J. and Al-Ali, L.}, year={1975}, month=jul, pages={376–379} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        5,
        1
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-05-01T15:41:22Z",
    "timestamp": 1746114082065
  },
  "reference-count": 18,
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "issue": "5516",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            1975,
            7,
            1
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "1975-07-01T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": 173404800000
      },
      "content-version": "tdm",
      "delay-in-days": 0,
      "URL": "http://www.springer.com/tdm"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [],
    "crossmark-restriction": false
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1975,
        7
      ]
    ]
  },
  "DOI": "10.1038/256376a0",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2005,
        8,
        3
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2005-08-03T18:07:33Z",
    "timestamp": 1123092453000
  },
  "page": "376-379",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 166,
  "title": "Signal-to-noise ratio of electron micrographs obtained by cross correlation",
  "prefix": "10.1038",
  "volume": "256",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "J.",
      "family": "Frank",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "L.",
      "family": "Al-Ali",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    }
  ],
  "member": "297",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR1",
      "first-page": "112",
      "volume": "20",
      "author": "NJ Bershad",
      "year": "1974",
      "unstructured": "Bershad, N. J., and Rockmore, A. J., IEEE Trans., IT, 20, 112\u2013113 (1974).",
      "journal-title": "IEEE Trans."
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR2",
      "volume-title": "Electron Microcopy in Material Science",
      "author": "F Lenz",
      "year": "1971",
      "unstructured": "Lenz, F., in Electron Microcopy in Material Science, (edit. by Valdre, U.), (Academic, London, 1971)."
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR3",
      "first-page": "1",
      "volume": "4",
      "author": "K-J cf. Hanszen",
      "year": "1971",
      "unstructured": "cf. Hanszen, K.-J., Adv. opt. Elect. Micr. 4, 1\u201384 (1971).",
      "journal-title": "Adv. opt. Elect. Micr."
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR4",
      "first-page": "519",
      "volume": "32",
      "author": "K-J Hanszen",
      "year": "1971",
      "unstructured": "Hanszen, K.-J., and Trepte, L., Optik, 32, 519\u2013538 (1971).",
      "journal-title": "Optik"
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR5",
      "first-page": "182",
      "volume": "33",
      "author": "K-J Hanszen",
      "year": "1971",
      "unstructured": "Hanszen, K.-J., and Trepte, L., Optik, 33, 182\u2013198 (1971).",
      "journal-title": "Optik"
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR6",
      "first-page": "519",
      "volume": "38",
      "author": "J Frank",
      "year": "1973",
      "unstructured": "Frank, J., Optik, 38, 519\u2013536 (1973).",
      "journal-title": "Optik"
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR7",
      "volume-title": "Introduction to Fourier Optics",
      "author": "JW Goodman",
      "year": "1968",
      "unstructured": "Goodman, J. W., Introduction to Fourier Optics, (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1968)."
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "476",
      "DOI": "10.1515/zna-1966-0417",
      "volume": "21",
      "author": "F Thon",
      "year": "1966",
      "unstructured": "Thon, F., Z. Naturforsch., 21 a, 476\u2013478 (1966).",
      "journal-title": "Z. Naturforsch."
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1105",
      "DOI": "10.1002/bbpc.19700741105",
      "volume": "74",
      "author": "J Frank",
      "year": "1970",
      "unstructured": "Frank, J., Bussler, P. H., Langer, R., and Hoppe, W., Ber. Bunsenges. phys. Chem., 74, 1105\u20131115 (1970).",
      "journal-title": "Ber. Bunsenges. phys. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR10",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "271",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF01383823",
      "volume": "184",
      "author": "W Br\u00fcnger",
      "year": "1965",
      "unstructured": "Br\u00fcnger, W., and Menz, W., Z. Phys. 184, 271\u2013285 (1965).",
      "journal-title": "Z. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR11",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1145/356551.356554",
      "volume-title": "Picture Processing by Computer",
      "author": "A Rosenfeld",
      "year": "1969",
      "unstructured": "Rosenfeld, A., in Picture Processing by Computer, (edit. by Reinholdt, W.), (Academic, London and New York, 1969)."
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR12",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "266",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0146-664X(74)90021-5",
      "volume": "3",
      "author": "WO Saxton",
      "year": "1974",
      "unstructured": "Saxton, W. O., Comp. Graph. Im. Proc., 3, 266\u2013276 (1974).",
      "journal-title": "Comp. Graph. Im. Proc."
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1120",
      "DOI": "10.1002/bbpc.19700741107",
      "volume": "74",
      "author": "R Langer",
      "year": "1970",
      "unstructured": "Langer, R., Frank, J., Feltynowski, A., and Hoppe, W., Ber. Bunsenges. phys. Chem., 74, 1120\u20131126 (1970).",
      "journal-title": "Ber. Bunsenges. phys. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR14",
      "first-page": "314",
      "volume-title": "Eighth Int. Congr. Electron Microscopy Canberra",
      "author": "WO Saxton",
      "year": "1974",
      "unstructured": "Saxton, W. O., Eighth Int. Congr. Electron Microscopy Canberra, 1, 314\u2013315 (1974)."
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR15",
      "first-page": "1",
      "volume": "40",
      "author": "W Krakow",
      "year": "1974",
      "unstructured": "Krakow, W., Downing, K. H., and Siegel, B. M., Optik, 40, 1\u201313 (1974).",
      "journal-title": "Optik"
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "first-page": "L1",
      "DOI": "10.1088/0022-3727/6/1/101",
      "volume": "6",
      "author": "DL Misell",
      "year": "1973",
      "unstructured": "Misell, D. L., J. Phys. D., 6, L1\u2013L5 (1973).",
      "journal-title": "J. Phys. D."
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR17",
      "unstructured": "Frank, J., Optik (in the press)."
    },
    {
      "key": "BF256376a0_CR18",
      "unstructured": "Frank, J., J. Phys. E. (in the press)."
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Nature",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "http://www.nature.com/articles/256376a0",
      "content-type": "text/html",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "http://www.nature.com/articles/256376a0.pdf",
      "content-type": "application/pdf",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "http://www.nature.com/articles/256376a0.pdf",
      "content-type": "application/pdf",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024,
        1,
        28
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2024-01-28T13:22:38Z",
    "timestamp": 1706448158000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://www.nature.com/articles/256376a0"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1975,
        7
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 18,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "5516",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1975,
          7
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "BF256376a0"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/256376a0",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0028-0836",
    "1476-4687"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Nature",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1975,
        7
      ]
    ]
  }
}