DOI: 10.1017/s0317167100045273. Etiology of Parkinson’s Disease: A Research Strategy

Etiology of Parkinson’s Disease: A Research Strategy

10.1017/s0317167100045273

Crossref journal-article

Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques (56)

Abstract

SUMMARYIn this essay I present a new “global approach hypothesis” to explain the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease: “Susceptibility to Parkinsonism is genetically determined and is reflected in all cells. I propose that idiopathic Parkinson’s disease is the combined result of a generalized cell aging process accelerated, in susceptible individuals, by a variety of often repetitive trigger factors. These factors have in common the fact that they cause a transient increase in turnover within catecholamine producing neurons, centrally as well as peripherally. This results in accumulation within these neurons of free radicals. When the level of the toxic substances, in quantity or in time of exposure, exceeds the scavenging capacity of the cell, damage to organelles and to membranes results, leading to the formation of Lewy bodies through an autoimmune reaction to damaged filaments and to cell death, particularly in the pigmented neurons of the brainstem. The progressive cell depletion leads to a compensatory increase in catecholamine turnover in the remaining pigmented cells, and an ever-accelerating degenerative process. The resulting neurotransmitter imbalance in the basal ganglia explains the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease”. In the light of this hypothesis, our research objectives should be (1) to delineate the limits of true Parkinson’s disease from all phenocopies; (2) to identify individuals susceptible to parkinsonism and the most common trigger factors; (3) to reduce the metabolic effects of unavoidable trigger factors and (4) to protect susceptible individuals by increasing the functional availability of free radical trapping agents.

Bibliography

Barbeau, A. (1984). Etiology of Parkinsonâs Disease: A Research Strategy. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques, 11(1), 24â28.

Authors 1

André Barbeau (first)

References 29 Referenced 87

{'key': 'S0317167100045273_ref251', 'first-page': '145', 'article-title': 'Aging and the Extrapyramidal System', 'volume': '21', 'author': 'Barbeau', 'year': '1973'} / Aging and the Extrapyramidal System by Barbeau (1973)
10.1093/brain/97.1.489
{'key': 'S0317167100045273_ref267', 'first-page': '481', 'article-title': 'Lipoprotein pigments—their relationship to aging in the human nervous system', 'volume': '97', 'author': 'Mann', 'year': '1974a', 'journal-title': 'The lipofuscin content of nerve cells. Brain'} / The lipofuscin content of nerve cells. Brain / Lipoprotein pigments—their relationship to aging in the human nervous system by Mann (1974a)
10.1016/0022-510X(78)90229-0
{'key': 'S0317167100045273_ref255', 'first-page': '30', 'article-title': 'The metabolism of tritium labelled dopamine in Parkinsonian patients', 'volume': '154', 'author': 'Barbeau', 'year': '1967', 'journal-title': 'Exerpta Med. Int'} / Exerpta Med. Int / The metabolism of tritium labelled dopamine in Parkinsonian patients by Barbeau (1967)
10.1016/0165-1781(79)90006-4
{'key': 'S0317167100045273_ref261', 'first-page': '359', 'article-title': 'On the origin and significance of neuromelanin', 'volume': '103', 'author': 'Graham', 'year': '1979', 'journal-title': 'Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med'} / Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med / On the origin and significance of neuromelanin by Graham (1979)
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{'key': 'S0317167100045273_ref263', 'first-page': '182', 'article-title': 'Parkinson’s disease: from brain homogenate to treatment', 'volume': '32', 'author': 'Hornykiewicz', 'year': '1973', 'journal-title': 'Fed. Proc'} / Fed. Proc / Parkinson’s disease: from brain homogenate to treatment by Hornykiewicz (1973)
Ambani L.M. ; Van Woert M.H. and Murphy S. (1975). Brain peroxidase and catalase in Parkinson’s disease. Arch. Neurol. 32: 114–118.
{'key': 'S0317167100045273_ref252', 'article-title': 'Manganese and Extrapyramidal disorders', 'author': 'Barbeau', 'year': '1983'} / Manganese and Extrapyramidal disorders by Barbeau (1983)
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10.1016/0047-6374(83)90074-X
10.1139/y82-208
10.1016/S0140-6736(83)90989-3
10.1126/science.6308771
{'key': 'S0317167100045273_ref262', 'first-page': '644', 'article-title': 'Auto-oxidation versus covalent binding of quinones as the mechanism of Toxicity of dopamine, 6-Hydroxydopamine and related compounds towards C1300 neuro-blastoma cells in vitro Mol', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'Graham', 'year': '1978', 'journal-title': 'Pharmacol'} / Pharmacol / Auto-oxidation versus covalent binding of quinones as the mechanism of Toxicity of dopamine, 6-Hydroxydopamine and related compounds towards C1300 neuro-blastoma cells in vitro Mol by Graham (1978)
{'key': 'S0317167100045273_ref264', 'first-page': '465', 'article-title': 'Parkinson’s disease. Genetic Analysis and Evidence of Multifactorial Etiology', 'volume': '48', 'author': 'Kondo', 'year': '1973', 'journal-title': 'Mayo Clinic Proc'} / Mayo Clinic Proc / Parkinson’s disease. Genetic Analysis and Evidence of Multifactorial Etiology by Kondo (1973)
{'key': 'S0317167100045273_ref265', 'first-page': '310', 'article-title': 'Parkinson’s Disease in a chemist working with l-Methyl-4-Phenyl-l, 2, 5, 6-Tetrahydropyridine', 'volume': '309', 'author': 'Langston', 'year': '1983'} / Parkinson’s Disease in a chemist working with l-Methyl-4-Phenyl-l, 2, 5, 6-Tetrahydropyridine by Langston (1983)
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10.1097/00005072-197703000-00012
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{'key': 'S0317167100045273_ref276', 'first-page': '23', 'article-title': 'Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital-Case', 'volume': '308', 'author': 'Ropper', 'year': '1983', 'journal-title': 'New Engl. J. Med'} / New Engl. J. Med / Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital-Case by Ropper (1983)
10.1073/pnas.80.14.4546
{'key': 'S0317167100045273_ref250', 'first-page': '66', 'author': 'Barbeau', 'year': '1969'} by Barbeau (1969)

Dates

Type	When
Created	9 years, 1 month ago (July 28, 2016, 7:35 a.m.)
Deposited	6 years, 3 months ago (May 23, 2019, 5:32 p.m.)
Indexed	1 month ago (July 30, 2025, 8:33 p.m.)
Issued	41 years, 7 months ago (Feb. 1, 1984)
Published	41 years, 7 months ago (Feb. 1, 1984)
Published Online	9 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 18, 2015)
Published Print	41 years, 7 months ago (Feb. 1, 1984)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Barbeau_1984, title={Etiology of Parkinson’s Disease: A Research Strategy}, volume={11}, ISSN={2057-0155}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100045273}, DOI={10.1017/s0317167100045273}, number={1}, journal={Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Barbeau, André}, year={1984}, month=feb, pages={24–28} }

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