DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008. PHLPP: A Phosphatase that Directly Dephosphorylates Akt, Promotes Apoptosis, and Suppresses Tumor Growth

PHLPP: A Phosphatase that Directly Dephosphorylates Akt, Promotes Apoptosis, and Suppresses Tumor Growth

10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008

Crossref journal-article

Elsevier BV

Molecular Cell (78)

Bibliography

Gao, T., Furnari, F., & Newton, A. C. (2005). PHLPP: A Phosphatase that Directly Dephosphorylates Akt, Promotes Apoptosis, and Suppresses Tumor Growth. Molecular Cell, 18(1), 13â24.

Authors 3

Tianyan Gao (first)
Frank Furnari (additional)
Alexandra C. Newton (additional)

References 40 Referenced 728

10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb01045.x / EMBO J. / Mechanism of activation of protein kinase B by insulin and IGF-1 by Alessi (1996)
10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70037-5 / Curr. Biol. / 3-Phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) phosphorylates and activates the p70 S6 kinase in vivo and in vitro by Alessi (1998)
10.1073/pnas.93.12.5699 / Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA / Activation and phosphorylation of a pleckstrin homology domain containing protein kinase (RAC-PK/PKB) promoted by serum and protein phosphatase inhibitors by Andjelkovic (1996)
10.1016/S0960-9822(99)80332-7 / Curr. Biol. / The hydrophobic phosphorylation motif of conventional protein kinase C is regulated by autophosphorylation by Behn-Krappa (1999)
10.2741/Black / Front. Biosci. / Protein kinase C-mediated regulation of the cell cycle by Black (2000)
10.1074/jbc.272.6.3544 / J. Biol. Chem. / Phosphorylation of protein kinase C-alpha on serine 657 controls the accumulation of active enzyme and contributes to its phosphatase- resistant state by Bornancin (1997)
{'key': '10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib7', 'first-page': '3986', 'article-title': 'Akt/protein kinase B is constitutively active in non-small cell lung cancer cells and promotes cellular survival and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation', 'volume': '61', 'author': 'Brognard', 'year': '2001', 'journal-title': 'Cancer Res.'} / Cancer Res. / Akt/protein kinase B is constitutively active in non-small cell lung cancer cells and promotes cellular survival and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation by Brognard (2001)
10.1073/pnas.110149597 / Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA / Use of double-stranded RNA interference in Drosophila cell lines to dissect signal transduction pathways by Clemens (2000)
10.1016/S0021-9258(20)88197-6 / J. Biol. Chem. / Protein phosphatases come of age by Cohen (1989)
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb01071.x / EMBO J. / Crystal structure of the protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2C at 2.0 A resolution by Das (1996)
10.1101/gad.13.22.2905 / Genes Dev. / Cellular survival: a play in three Akts by Datta (1999)
10.1074/jbc.272.29.18382 / J. Biol. Chem. / Phosphorylation at conserved carboxyl-terminal hydrophobic motif regulates the catalytic and regulatory domains of protein kinase C by Edwards (1997)
10.1016/S1097-2765(00)00037-X / Mol. Cell / Structural basis for discrimination of 3-phosphoinositides by pleckstrin homology domains by Ferguson (2000)
10.1074/jbc.274.29.20336 / J. Biol. Chem. / Kinetic analysis of human serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2C alpha by Fjeld (1999)
10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81883-8 / Cell / PI3K: downstream AKTion blocks apoptosis by Franke (1997)
10.1073/pnas.94.23.12479 / Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA / Growth suppression of glioma cells by PTEN requires a functional phosphatase catalytic domain by Furnari (1997)
10.1074/jbc.M101357200 / J. Biol. Chem. / The carboxyl terminus of protein kinase c provides a switch to regulate its interaction with the phosphoinositide-dependent kinase, pdk-1 by Gao (2001)
{'key': '10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib18', 'first-page': '1608', 'article-title': 'Characterization of sporadic colon cancer by patterns of genomic instability', 'volume': '63', 'author': 'Goel', 'year': '2003', 'journal-title': 'Cancer Res.'} / Cancer Res. / Characterization of sporadic colon cancer by patterns of genomic instability by Goel (2003)
10.1016/j.bbapap.2003.11.009 / Biochim. Biophys. Acta / Structure, regulation and function of PKB/AKT—a major therapeutic target by Hanada (2004)
10.1074/jbc.C100174200 / J. Biol. Chem. / Insulin-stimulated protein kinase B phosphorylation on Ser-473 is independent of its activity and occurs through a staurosporine-insensitive kinase by Hill (2001)
10.1111/j.1750-3639.1999.tb00536.x / Brain Pathol. / Frequent co-alterations of TP53, p16/CDKN2A, p14ARF, PTEN tumor suppressor genes in human glioma cell lines by Ishii (1999)
10.1021/bi034074+ / Biochemistry / Probing the function of conserved residues in the serine/threonine phosphatase PP2Calpha by Jackson (2003)
10.1056/NEJM199407283310401 / N. Engl. J. Med. / Allelic loss of chromosome 18q and prognosis in colorectal cancer by Jen (1994)
{'key': '10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib24', 'first-page': '2365', 'article-title': 'Loss of 18q and homozygosity for the DCC locus: possible markers for clinically aggressive squamous cell carcinoma', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'Kelker', 'year': '1996', 'journal-title': 'Anticancer Res.'} / Anticancer Res. / Loss of 18q and homozygosity for the DCC locus: possible markers for clinically aggressive squamous cell carcinoma by Kelker (1996)
10.1016/S0960-9822(95)00277-6 / Curr. Biol. / Protein kinase C is regulated in vivo by three functionally distinct phosphorylations by Keranen (1995)
10.1242/jcs.114.16.2903 / J. Cell Sci. / PKB/Akt: a key mediator of cell proliferation, survival and insulin responses? by Lawlor (2001)
10.1021/cr000091i / Chem. Rev. / Phosphoinositide-regulated kinases and phosphoinositide phosphatases by Leslie (2001)
10.1074/jbc.273.22.13375 / J. Biol. Chem. / The tumor suppressor, PTEN/MMAC1, dephosphorylates the lipid second messenger, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate by Maehama (1998)
10.4161/cc.2.3.381 / Cell Cycle / Akt and PI 3-kinase signaling in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and survival by Matsui (2003)
10.1042/bj20021626 / Biochem. J. / Regulation of the ABC kinases by phosphorylation: protein kinase C as a paradigm by Newton (2003)
10.1016/S0898-6568(01)00271-6 / Cell. Signal. / The protein kinase B/Akt signalling pathway in human malignancy by Nicholson (2002)
10.1023/A:1025765215765 / Breast Cancer Res. Treat. / Autocrine signalling through erbB receptors promotes constitutive activation of protein kinase B/Akt in breast cancer cell lines by Nicholson (2003)
10.1073/pnas.91.16.7727 / Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA / A mutant epidermal growth factor receptor common in human glioma confers enhanced tumorigenicity by Nishikawa (1994)
10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01190-4 / FEBS Lett. / SCOP, a novel gene product expressed in a circadian manner in rat suprachiasmatic nucleus by Shimizu (1999)
10.1126/science.279.5351.710 / Science / Protein kinase B kinases that mediate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent activation of protein kinase B by Stephens (1998)
10.1074/jbc.275.12.8271 / J. Biol. Chem. / Akt/protein kinase B is regulated by autophosphorylation at the hypothetical PDK-2 site by Toker (2000)
10.1038/nrc839 / Nat. Rev. Cancer / The phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase AKT pathway in human cancer by Vivanco (2002)
10.1016/S0962-8924(02)02412-1 / Trends Cell Biol. / PTEN and myotubularin phosphatases: from 3-phosphoinositide dephosphorylation to disease by Wishart (2002)
10.1074/jbc.M005685200 / J. Biol. Chem. / 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1, an Akt1 kinase, is involved in dephosphorylation of Thr-308 of Akt1 in Chinese hamster ovary cells by Yamada (2001)
10.1074/jbc.M313745200 / J. Biol. Chem. / Protein phosphatase-2C alpha as a positive regulator of insulin sensitivity through direct activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in 3T3–L1 adipocytes by Yoshizaki (2004)

Dates

Type	When
Created	20 years, 5 months ago (April 4, 2005, 10:28 a.m.)
Deposited	4 years, 1 month ago (July 7, 2021, 8:51 p.m.)
Indexed	1 day, 10 hours ago (Sept. 3, 2025, 7:12 a.m.)
Issued	20 years, 5 months ago (April 1, 2005)
Published	20 years, 5 months ago (April 1, 2005)
Published Print	20 years, 5 months ago (April 1, 2005)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Gao_2005, title={PHLPP: A Phosphatase that Directly Dephosphorylates Akt, Promotes Apoptosis, and Suppresses Tumor Growth}, volume={18}, ISSN={1097-2765}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008}, DOI={10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008}, number={1}, journal={Molecular Cell}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Gao, Tianyan and Furnari, Frank and Newton, Alexandra C.}, year={2005}, month=apr, pages={13–24} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        9,
        3
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-09-03T11:12:36Z",
    "timestamp": 1756897956925
  },
  "reference-count": 40,
  "publisher": "Elsevier BV",
  "issue": "1",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            2005,
            4,
            1
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "2005-04-01T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": 1112313600000
      },
      "content-version": "tdm",
      "delay-in-days": 0,
      "URL": "https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"
    },
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            2013,
            7,
            17
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "2013-07-17T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": 1374019200000
      },
      "content-version": "vor",
      "delay-in-days": 3029,
      "URL": "https://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [],
    "crossmark-restriction": false
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2005,
        4
      ]
    ]
  },
  "DOI": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2005,
        4,
        4
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2005-04-04T14:28:51Z",
    "timestamp": 1112624931000
  },
  "page": "13-24",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 728,
  "title": "PHLPP: A Phosphatase that Directly Dephosphorylates Akt, Promotes Apoptosis, and Suppresses Tumor Growth",
  "prefix": "10.1016",
  "volume": "18",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Tianyan",
      "family": "Gao",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Frank",
      "family": "Furnari",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Alexandra C.",
      "family": "Newton",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    }
  ],
  "member": "78",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "6541",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb01045.x",
      "article-title": "Mechanism of activation of protein kinase B by insulin and IGF-1",
      "volume": "15",
      "author": "Alessi",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "EMBO J."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "69",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70037-5",
      "article-title": "3-Phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) phosphorylates and activates the p70 S6 kinase in vivo and in vitro",
      "volume": "8",
      "author": "Alessi",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "Curr. Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib3",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "5699",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.93.12.5699",
      "article-title": "Activation and phosphorylation of a pleckstrin homology domain containing protein kinase (RAC-PK/PKB) promoted by serum and protein phosphatase inhibitors",
      "volume": "93",
      "author": "Andjelkovic",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib4",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "728",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0960-9822(99)80332-7",
      "article-title": "The hydrophobic phosphorylation motif of conventional protein kinase C is regulated by autophosphorylation",
      "volume": "9",
      "author": "Behn-Krappa",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Curr. Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib5",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "D406",
      "DOI": "10.2741/Black",
      "article-title": "Protein kinase C-mediated regulation of the cell cycle",
      "volume": "5",
      "author": "Black",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Front. Biosci."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib6",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3544",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.272.6.3544",
      "article-title": "Phosphorylation of protein kinase C-alpha on serine 657 controls the accumulation of active enzyme and contributes to its phosphatase- resistant state",
      "volume": "272",
      "author": "Bornancin",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib7",
      "first-page": "3986",
      "article-title": "Akt/protein kinase B is constitutively active in non-small cell lung cancer cells and promotes cellular survival and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation",
      "volume": "61",
      "author": "Brognard",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Cancer Res."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "6499",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.110149597",
      "article-title": "Use of double-stranded RNA interference in Drosophila cell lines to dissect signal transduction pathways",
      "volume": "97",
      "author": "Clemens",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "21435",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0021-9258(20)88197-6",
      "article-title": "Protein phosphatases come of age",
      "volume": "264",
      "author": "Cohen",
      "year": "1989",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib10",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "6798",
      "DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb01071.x",
      "article-title": "Crystal structure of the protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2C at 2.0 A resolution",
      "volume": "15",
      "author": "Das",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "EMBO J."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib11",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2905",
      "DOI": "10.1101/gad.13.22.2905",
      "article-title": "Cellular survival: a play in three Akts",
      "volume": "13",
      "author": "Datta",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Genes Dev."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib12",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "18382",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.272.29.18382",
      "article-title": "Phosphorylation at conserved carboxyl-terminal hydrophobic motif regulates the catalytic and regulatory domains of protein kinase C",
      "volume": "272",
      "author": "Edwards",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "373",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1097-2765(00)00037-X",
      "article-title": "Structural basis for discrimination of 3-phosphoinositides by pleckstrin homology domains",
      "volume": "6",
      "author": "Ferguson",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Mol. Cell"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "20336",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.274.29.20336",
      "article-title": "Kinetic analysis of human serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2C alpha",
      "volume": "274",
      "author": "Fjeld",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib15",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "435",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81883-8",
      "article-title": "PI3K: downstream AKTion blocks apoptosis",
      "volume": "88",
      "author": "Franke",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "Cell"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "12479",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.94.23.12479",
      "article-title": "Growth suppression of glioma cells by PTEN requires a functional phosphatase catalytic domain",
      "volume": "94",
      "author": "Furnari",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib17",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "19588",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.M101357200",
      "article-title": "The carboxyl terminus of protein kinase c provides a switch to regulate its interaction with the phosphoinositide-dependent kinase, pdk-1",
      "volume": "276",
      "author": "Gao",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib18",
      "first-page": "1608",
      "article-title": "Characterization of sporadic colon cancer by patterns of genomic instability",
      "volume": "63",
      "author": "Goel",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Cancer Res."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib19",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3",
      "DOI": "10.1016/j.bbapap.2003.11.009",
      "article-title": "Structure, regulation and function of PKB/AKT\u2014a major therapeutic target",
      "volume": "1697",
      "author": "Hanada",
      "year": "2004",
      "journal-title": "Biochim. Biophys. Acta"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib20",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "25643",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.C100174200",
      "article-title": "Insulin-stimulated protein kinase B phosphorylation on Ser-473 is independent of its activity and occurs through a staurosporine-insensitive kinase",
      "volume": "276",
      "author": "Hill",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib21",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "469",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1750-3639.1999.tb00536.x",
      "article-title": "Frequent co-alterations of TP53, p16/CDKN2A, p14ARF, PTEN tumor suppressor genes in human glioma cell lines",
      "volume": "9",
      "author": "Ishii",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Brain Pathol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib22",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "8513",
      "DOI": "10.1021/bi034074+",
      "article-title": "Probing the function of conserved residues in the serine/threonine phosphatase PP2Calpha",
      "volume": "42",
      "author": "Jackson",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Biochemistry"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib23",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "213",
      "DOI": "10.1056/NEJM199407283310401",
      "article-title": "Allelic loss of chromosome 18q and prognosis in colorectal cancer",
      "volume": "331",
      "author": "Jen",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "N. Engl. J. Med."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib24",
      "first-page": "2365",
      "article-title": "Loss of 18q and homozygosity for the DCC locus: possible markers for clinically aggressive squamous cell carcinoma",
      "volume": "16",
      "author": "Kelker",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Anticancer Res."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1394",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0960-9822(95)00277-6",
      "article-title": "Protein kinase C is regulated in vivo by three functionally distinct phosphorylations",
      "volume": "5",
      "author": "Keranen",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "Curr. Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib26",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2903",
      "DOI": "10.1242/jcs.114.16.2903",
      "article-title": "PKB/Akt: a key mediator of cell proliferation, survival and insulin responses?",
      "volume": "114",
      "author": "Lawlor",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "J. Cell Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib27",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2365",
      "DOI": "10.1021/cr000091i",
      "article-title": "Phosphoinositide-regulated kinases and phosphoinositide phosphatases",
      "volume": "101",
      "author": "Leslie",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Chem. Rev."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib28",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "13375",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.273.22.13375",
      "article-title": "The tumor suppressor, PTEN/MMAC1, dephosphorylates the lipid second messenger, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate",
      "volume": "273",
      "author": "Maehama",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib29",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "220",
      "DOI": "10.4161/cc.2.3.381",
      "article-title": "Akt and PI 3-kinase signaling in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and survival",
      "volume": "2",
      "author": "Matsui",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Cell Cycle"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib30",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "361",
      "DOI": "10.1042/bj20021626",
      "article-title": "Regulation of the ABC kinases by phosphorylation: protein kinase C as a paradigm",
      "volume": "370",
      "author": "Newton",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Biochem. J."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib31",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "381",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0898-6568(01)00271-6",
      "article-title": "The protein kinase B/Akt signalling pathway in human malignancy",
      "volume": "14",
      "author": "Nicholson",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "Cell. Signal."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib32",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "117",
      "DOI": "10.1023/A:1025765215765",
      "article-title": "Autocrine signalling through erbB receptors promotes constitutive activation of protein kinase B/Akt in breast cancer cell lines",
      "volume": "81",
      "author": "Nicholson",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Breast Cancer Res. Treat."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib33",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "7727",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.91.16.7727",
      "article-title": "A mutant epidermal growth factor receptor common in human glioma confers enhanced tumorigenicity",
      "volume": "91",
      "author": "Nishikawa",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib34",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "363",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01190-4",
      "article-title": "SCOP, a novel gene product expressed in a circadian manner in rat suprachiasmatic nucleus",
      "volume": "458",
      "author": "Shimizu",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "FEBS Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib35",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "710",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.279.5351.710",
      "article-title": "Protein kinase B kinases that mediate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent activation of protein kinase B",
      "volume": "279",
      "author": "Stephens",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib36",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "8271",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.275.12.8271",
      "article-title": "Akt/protein kinase B is regulated by autophosphorylation at the hypothetical PDK-2 site",
      "volume": "275",
      "author": "Toker",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib37",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "489",
      "DOI": "10.1038/nrc839",
      "article-title": "The phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase AKT pathway in human cancer",
      "volume": "2",
      "author": "Vivanco",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "Nat. Rev. Cancer"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib38",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "579",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0962-8924(02)02412-1",
      "article-title": "PTEN and myotubularin phosphatases: from 3-phosphoinositide dephosphorylation to disease",
      "volume": "12",
      "author": "Wishart",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "Trends Cell Biol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib39",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "5339",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.M005685200",
      "article-title": "3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1, an Akt1 kinase, is involved in dephosphorylation of Thr-308 of Akt1 in Chinese hamster ovary cells",
      "volume": "276",
      "author": "Yamada",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008_bib40",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "22715",
      "DOI": "10.1074/jbc.M313745200",
      "article-title": "Protein phosphatase-2C alpha as a positive regulator of insulin sensitivity through direct activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in 3T3\u2013L1 adipocytes",
      "volume": "279",
      "author": "Yoshizaki",
      "year": "2004",
      "journal-title": "J. Biol. Chem."
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Molecular Cell",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1097276505011780?httpAccept=text/xml",
      "content-type": "text/xml",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1097276505011780?httpAccept=text/plain",
      "content-type": "text/plain",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2021,
        7,
        8
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2021-07-08T00:51:43Z",
    "timestamp": 1625705503000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1097276505011780"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2005,
        4
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 40,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "1",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2005,
          4
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "S1097276505011780"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008",
  "relation": {
    "has-review": [
      {
        "id-type": "doi",
        "id": "10.3410/f.1025085.297706",
        "asserted-by": "object"
      }
    ]
  },
  "ISSN": [
    "1097-2765"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Molecular Cell",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2005,
        4
      ]
    ]
  }
}