DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010. Normative ethics and methodology for life cycle assessment

Normative ethics and methodology for life cycle assessment

10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010

Crossref journal-article

Elsevier BV

Journal of Cleaner Production (78)

Bibliography

Ekvall, T., Tillman, A.-M., & Molander, S. (2005). Normative ethics and methodology for life cycle assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 13(13â14), 1225â1234.

Authors 3

Tomas Ekvall (first)
Anne-Marie Tillman (additional)
Sverker Molander (additional)

References 48 Referenced 117

10.1007/BF02978624 / Int J LCA / LCA – how it came about – personal reflections on the origin and the development of LCA in the USA by Hunt (1996)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib2', 'series-title': "The Hitch Hiker's guide to LCA", 'author': 'Baumann', 'year': '2004'} / The Hitch Hiker's guide to LCA by Baumann (2004)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib3', 'series-title': 'Guidelines for life-cycle assessment: a ‘code of practice’ – edition 1', 'year': '1993'} / Guidelines for life-cycle assessment: a ‘code of practice’ – edition 1 (1993)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib4', 'series-title': 'Nordic guidelines on life-cycle assessment', 'author': 'Lindfors', 'year': '1995'} / Nordic guidelines on life-cycle assessment by Lindfors (1995)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib5', 'series-title': 'Handbook on life cycle assessment – operational guide to the ISO standards', 'year': '2002'} / Handbook on life cycle assessment – operational guide to the ISO standards (2002)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib6', 'series-title': 'Environmental management – life cycle assessment – principles and framework', 'year': '1997'} / Environmental management – life cycle assessment – principles and framework (1997)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib7', 'series-title': 'Environmental management – life cycle assessment – goal and scope definition and inventory analysis', 'year': '1998'} / Environmental management – life cycle assessment – goal and scope definition and inventory analysis (1998)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib8', 'series-title': 'Environmental management – life cycle assessment – life cycle impact assessment', 'year': '2000'} / Environmental management – life cycle assessment – life cycle impact assessment (2000)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib9', 'series-title': 'Environmental management – life cycle assessment – life cycle interpretation', 'year': '2000'} / Environmental management – life cycle assessment – life cycle interpretation (2000)
{'issue': '3', 'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib10', 'first-page': '122', 'article-title': 'LCA use in Swedish industry', 'volume': '1', 'author': 'Baumann', 'year': '1996', 'journal-title': 'Int J LCA'} / Int J LCA / LCA use in Swedish industry by Baumann (1996)
Cowell SJ. Environmental life cycle assessment of agricultural systems: integration into decision-making. Ph.D. thesis. Guilford, UK: University of Surrey; 1998.
Heintz B, Baisnée P-F. System boundaries. In: Life cycle assessment. Workshop report, Leiden, The Netherlands, 2–3 December 1991. Brussels, Belgium: SETAC; 1992. p. 35–52.
Weidema BP. Development of a method for product life cycle assessment with special references to food products (summary). Ph.D. thesis. Lyngby, Denmark: Technical University of Denmark; 1993.
10.1007/BF02977574 / Int J LCA / Application typologies for life cycle assessment – a review by Weidema (1998)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib15', 'article-title': 'Goal and scope definition and inventory analysis', 'volume': 'vol. 1', 'author': 'Frischknecht', 'year': '1997'} / Goal and scope definition and inventory analysis by Frischknecht (1997)
Baumann H. Life cycle assessment and decision making – theories and practices. Ph.D. thesis. Gothenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 1998.
Hofstetter P. Perspectives in life cycle impact assessment – a structured approach to combine models of the technosphere, ecosphere and valuesphere. Ph.D. thesis, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1998.
10.1016/S0195-9255(99)00035-9 / Environ Impact Assess Rev / Significance of decision-making for LCA methodology by Tillman (2000)
10.1016/j.jclepro.2002.03.001 / J Cleaner Prod / International workshop on electricity data for life cycle inventories by Curran (2005)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib20', 'series-title': 'Danish–Dutch workshop on LCA methods', 'year': '1999'} / Danish–Dutch workshop on LCA methods (1999)
Ekvall T. System expansion and allocation in life cycle assessment. Ph.D. thesis. Gothenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 1999.
Azapagic A. Environmental system analysis: the application of linear programming to life cycle assessment – vol. 1. Ph.D. thesis. Guilford, UK: University of Surrey; 1996.
Schneider F. Analyse des Reemplois, Recyclages, Valorisations de Dechets par l'Etude de Systems Cascade. Ph.D. thesis. Lyon, France: l'Institut National des Sciences Appliquees de Lyon; 1996 [in French].
Frischknecht R. Life cycle inventory analysis for decision-making. Ph.D. thesis. Zürich, Switzerland: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; 1998. (10.1007/BF02978487)
Karlsson R. Life cycle considerations in sustainable business development. Ph.D. thesis. Gothenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 1998.
Trinius W. Environmental assessment in building and construction. Ph.D. thesis. Stockholm, Sweden: Royal University of Technology; 1999.
10.1007/BF02979837 / Int J LCA / Application dependency of LCA methodology: key variables and their mode of influencing the method by Wenzel (1998)
Weidema B. New developments in the methodology for life cycle assessment. In: Proceedings of the third international conference on ecobalance, 25–27 November 1998, Tsukuba, Japan. p. 47–50.
10.1007/BF02978810 / Int J LCA / Open-loop recycling: criteria for allocation procedures by Ekvall (1997)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib30', 'series-title': 'Proceedings of total life cycle conference and exposition – land sea & air mobility', 'first-page': '103', 'article-title': 'Moral philosophy, economics, and life cycle inventory analysis', 'author': 'Ekvall', 'year': '2000'} / Proceedings of total life cycle conference and exposition – land sea & air mobility / Moral philosophy, economics, and life cycle inventory analysis by Ekvall (2000)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib31', 'series-title': 'Abstract book of first international conference on life cycle management', 'first-page': '91', 'article-title': 'Marginal or average data – ethical implications', 'author': 'Ekvall', 'year': '2001'} / Abstract book of first international conference on life cycle management / Marginal or average data – ethical implications by Ekvall (2001)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib32', 'series-title': 'The moral philosophers – an introduction to ethics', 'author': 'Norman', 'year': '1998'} / The moral philosophers – an introduction to ethics by Norman (1998)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib33', 'series-title': 'Filosofilexikonet', 'first-page': '143', 'year': '1988'} / Filosofilexikonet (1988)
Ekvall T, Frees N, Nielsen PH, Person L, Ryberg A, Weidema B. et al. Life cycle assessment on packaging systems for beer and soft drinks – main report. Environmental project No. 399. Copenhagen, Denmark: Danish Environmental Protection Agency; 1998.
10.1016/S0959-6526(97)00063-2 / J Cleaner Prod / Electricity from a competitive market in life-cycle analysis by Kåberger (1998)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib36', 'series-title': "Life-cycle assessment for vattenfall's electricity generation – summary report", 'author': 'Brännström-Norberg', 'year': '1996'} / Life-cycle assessment for vattenfall's electricity generation – summary report by Brännström-Norberg (1996)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib37', 'series-title': 'Life cycle assessment of packaging systems for beer and soft drinks – energy and transport scenarios', 'author': 'Frees', 'year': '1998'} / Life cycle assessment of packaging systems for beer and soft drinks – energy and transport scenarios by Frees (1998)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib38', 'first-page': '1', 'article-title': 'General systems research: quo vadis?', 'volume': 'vol. 14', 'author': 'Gaines', 'year': '1979'} / General systems research: quo vadis? by Gaines (1979)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib39', 'series-title': 'Energifakta', 'year': '2001'} / Energifakta (2001)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib40', 'series-title': 'Proceedings of the sixth LCA case studies symposium', 'article-title': 'Choice of electricity-mix for different LCA applications', 'author': 'Dones', 'year': '1998'} / Proceedings of the sixth LCA case studies symposium / Choice of electricity-mix for different LCA applications by Dones (1998)
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib41', 'series-title': 'Proceedings of the European workshop on allocation in LCA', 'year': '1994'} / Proceedings of the European workshop on allocation in LCA (1994)
Huppes G. Macro-environmental policy: principles and design. Ph.D. thesis, Leiden University. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier; 1993.
Mattsson N, Unger T, Ekvall T. Effects of perturbations in a dynamic system – the case of Nordic power production. J Ind Ecol, submitted for publication.
10.1016/S0959-6526(02)00026-4 / J Cleaner Prod / Cleaner production tools – LCA and beyond by Ekvall (2002)
10.1007/BF02979395 / Int J LCA / Marginal production technologies for life cycle inventories by Weidema (1999)
10.1016/S0959-6526(98)00046-8 / J Cleaner Prod / Allocation of environmental burdens in multiple-function systems by Azapagic (1999)
White PR, de Smet B, Owens JW, Hindle P. LCA back on track – but is it one track of two? SETAC-Europe LCA News 1995;5(4):2–4. Referred to by Cowell SJ. Environmental life cycle assessment of agricultural systems: integration into decision-making. Ph.D. thesis. Guilford, UK: University of Surrey; 1998.
{'key': '10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib50', 'series-title': 'Life-cycle impact assessment: striving towards best practice', 'article-title': 'Indicators for ecotoxicity in life cycle impact assessment', 'author': 'Hauschild', 'year': '2002'} / Life-cycle impact assessment: striving towards best practice / Indicators for ecotoxicity in life cycle impact assessment by Hauschild (2002)

Dates

Type	When
Created	20 years, 1 month ago (June 27, 2005, 5:07 p.m.)
Deposited	5 years, 4 months ago (April 7, 2020, 7:56 p.m.)
Indexed	2 weeks, 1 day ago (Aug. 7, 2025, 4:54 a.m.)
Issued	19 years, 9 months ago (Nov. 1, 2005)
Published	19 years, 9 months ago (Nov. 1, 2005)
Published Print	19 years, 9 months ago (Nov. 1, 2005)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Ekvall_2005, title={Normative ethics and methodology for life cycle assessment}, volume={13}, ISSN={0959-6526}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010}, DOI={10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010}, number={13–14}, journal={Journal of Cleaner Production}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Ekvall, Tomas and Tillman, Anne-Marie and Molander, Sverker}, year={2005}, month=nov, pages={1225–1234} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        8,
        7
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-08-07T08:54:29Z",
    "timestamp": 1754556869896
  },
  "reference-count": 48,
  "publisher": "Elsevier BV",
  "issue": "13-14",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            2005,
            11,
            1
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "2005-11-01T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": 1130803200000
      },
      "content-version": "tdm",
      "delay-in-days": 0,
      "URL": "https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [],
    "crossmark-restriction": false
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2005,
        11
      ]
    ]
  },
  "DOI": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2005,
        6,
        27
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2005-06-27T21:07:06Z",
    "timestamp": 1119906426000
  },
  "page": "1225-1234",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 117,
  "title": "Normative ethics and methodology for life cycle assessment",
  "prefix": "10.1016",
  "volume": "13",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Tomas",
      "family": "Ekvall",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Anne-Marie",
      "family": "Tillman",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Sverker",
      "family": "Molander",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    }
  ],
  "member": "78",
  "reference": [
    {
      "issue": "1",
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "4",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02978624",
      "article-title": "LCA \u2013 how it came about \u2013 personal reflections on the origin and the development of LCA in the USA",
      "volume": "1",
      "author": "Hunt",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Int J LCA"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib2",
      "series-title": "The Hitch Hiker's guide to LCA",
      "author": "Baumann",
      "year": "2004"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib3",
      "series-title": "Guidelines for life-cycle assessment: a \u2018code of practice\u2019 \u2013 edition 1",
      "year": "1993"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib4",
      "series-title": "Nordic guidelines on life-cycle assessment",
      "author": "Lindfors",
      "year": "1995"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib5",
      "series-title": "Handbook on life cycle assessment \u2013 operational guide to the ISO standards",
      "year": "2002"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib6",
      "series-title": "Environmental management \u2013 life cycle assessment \u2013 principles and framework",
      "year": "1997"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib7",
      "series-title": "Environmental management \u2013 life cycle assessment \u2013 goal and scope definition and inventory analysis",
      "year": "1998"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib8",
      "series-title": "Environmental management \u2013 life cycle assessment \u2013 life cycle impact assessment",
      "year": "2000"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib9",
      "series-title": "Environmental management \u2013 life cycle assessment \u2013 life cycle interpretation",
      "year": "2000"
    },
    {
      "issue": "3",
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib10",
      "first-page": "122",
      "article-title": "LCA use in Swedish industry",
      "volume": "1",
      "author": "Baumann",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Int J LCA"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib11",
      "unstructured": "Cowell SJ. Environmental life cycle assessment of agricultural systems: integration into decision-making. Ph.D. thesis. Guilford, UK: University of Surrey; 1998."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib12",
      "unstructured": "Heintz B, Baisn\u00e9e P-F. System boundaries. In: Life cycle assessment. Workshop report, Leiden, The Netherlands, 2\u20133 December 1991. Brussels, Belgium: SETAC; 1992. p. 35\u201352."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib13",
      "unstructured": "Weidema BP. Development of a method for product life cycle assessment with special references to food products (summary). Ph.D. thesis. Lyngby, Denmark: Technical University of Denmark; 1993."
    },
    {
      "issue": "4",
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "237",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02977574",
      "article-title": "Application typologies for life cycle assessment \u2013 a review",
      "volume": "3",
      "author": "Weidema",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "Int J LCA"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib15",
      "article-title": "Goal and scope definition and inventory analysis",
      "volume": "vol. 1",
      "author": "Frischknecht",
      "year": "1997"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib16",
      "unstructured": "Baumann H. Life cycle assessment and decision making \u2013 theories and practices. Ph.D. thesis. Gothenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 1998."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib17",
      "unstructured": "Hofstetter P. Perspectives in life cycle impact assessment \u2013 a structured approach to combine models of the technosphere, ecosphere and valuesphere. Ph.D. thesis, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Z\u00fcrich. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1998."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib18",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "113",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0195-9255(99)00035-9",
      "article-title": "Significance of decision-making for LCA methodology",
      "volume": "20",
      "author": "Tillman",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Environ Impact Assess Rev"
    },
    {
      "issue": "8",
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib19",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "853",
      "DOI": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2002.03.001",
      "article-title": "International workshop on electricity data for life cycle inventories",
      "volume": "13",
      "author": "Curran",
      "year": "2005",
      "journal-title": "J Cleaner Prod"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib20",
      "series-title": "Danish\u2013Dutch workshop on LCA methods",
      "year": "1999"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib21",
      "unstructured": "Ekvall T. System expansion and allocation in life cycle assessment. Ph.D. thesis. Gothenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 1999."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib22",
      "unstructured": "Azapagic A. Environmental system analysis: the application of linear programming to life cycle assessment \u2013 vol. 1. Ph.D. thesis. Guilford, UK: University of Surrey; 1996."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib23",
      "unstructured": "Schneider F. Analyse des Reemplois, Recyclages, Valorisations de Dechets par l'Etude de Systems Cascade. Ph.D. thesis. Lyon, France: l'Institut National des Sciences Appliquees de Lyon; 1996 [in French]."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib24",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Frischknecht R. Life cycle inventory analysis for decision-making. Ph.D. thesis. Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; 1998.",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02978487"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib25",
      "unstructured": "Karlsson R. Life cycle considerations in sustainable business development. Ph.D. thesis. Gothenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology; 1998."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib26",
      "unstructured": "Trinius W. Environmental assessment in building and construction. Ph.D. thesis. Stockholm, Sweden: Royal University of Technology; 1999."
    },
    {
      "issue": "5",
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib27",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "281",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02979837",
      "article-title": "Application dependency of LCA methodology: key variables and their mode of influencing the method",
      "volume": "3",
      "author": "Wenzel",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "Int J LCA"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib28",
      "unstructured": "Weidema B. New developments in the methodology for life cycle assessment. In: Proceedings of the third international conference on ecobalance, 25\u201327 November 1998, Tsukuba, Japan. p. 47\u201350."
    },
    {
      "issue": "3",
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib29",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "155",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02978810",
      "article-title": "Open-loop recycling: criteria for allocation procedures",
      "volume": "2",
      "author": "Ekvall",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "Int J LCA"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib30",
      "series-title": "Proceedings of total life cycle conference and exposition \u2013 land sea & air mobility",
      "first-page": "103",
      "article-title": "Moral philosophy, economics, and life cycle inventory analysis",
      "author": "Ekvall",
      "year": "2000"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib31",
      "series-title": "Abstract book of first international conference on life cycle management",
      "first-page": "91",
      "article-title": "Marginal or average data \u2013 ethical implications",
      "author": "Ekvall",
      "year": "2001"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib32",
      "series-title": "The moral philosophers \u2013 an introduction to ethics",
      "author": "Norman",
      "year": "1998"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib33",
      "series-title": "Filosofilexikonet",
      "first-page": "143",
      "year": "1988"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib34",
      "unstructured": "Ekvall T, Frees N, Nielsen PH, Person L, Ryberg A, Weidema B. et al. Life cycle assessment on packaging systems for beer and soft drinks \u2013 main report. Environmental project No. 399. Copenhagen, Denmark: Danish Environmental Protection Agency; 1998."
    },
    {
      "issue": "2",
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib35",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "103",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0959-6526(97)00063-2",
      "article-title": "Electricity from a competitive market in life-cycle analysis",
      "volume": "6",
      "author": "K\u00e5berger",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "J Cleaner Prod"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib36",
      "series-title": "Life-cycle assessment for vattenfall's electricity generation \u2013 summary report",
      "author": "Br\u00e4nnstr\u00f6m-Norberg",
      "year": "1996"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib37",
      "series-title": "Life cycle assessment of packaging systems for beer and soft drinks \u2013 energy and transport scenarios",
      "author": "Frees",
      "year": "1998"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib38",
      "first-page": "1",
      "article-title": "General systems research: quo vadis?",
      "volume": "vol. 14",
      "author": "Gaines",
      "year": "1979"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib39",
      "series-title": "Energifakta",
      "year": "2001"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib40",
      "series-title": "Proceedings of the sixth LCA case studies symposium",
      "article-title": "Choice of electricity-mix for different LCA applications",
      "author": "Dones",
      "year": "1998"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib41",
      "series-title": "Proceedings of the European workshop on allocation in LCA",
      "year": "1994"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib42",
      "unstructured": "Huppes G. Macro-environmental policy: principles and design. Ph.D. thesis, Leiden University. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier; 1993."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib43",
      "unstructured": "Mattsson N, Unger T, Ekvall T. Effects of perturbations in a dynamic system \u2013 the case of Nordic power production. J Ind Ecol, submitted for publication."
    },
    {
      "issue": "5",
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib44",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "403",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0959-6526(02)00026-4",
      "article-title": "Cleaner production tools \u2013 LCA and beyond",
      "volume": "10",
      "author": "Ekvall",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "J Cleaner Prod"
    },
    {
      "issue": "1",
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib45",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "48",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02979395",
      "article-title": "Marginal production technologies for life cycle inventories",
      "volume": "4",
      "author": "Weidema",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Int J LCA"
    },
    {
      "issue": "2",
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib46",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "101",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0959-6526(98)00046-8",
      "article-title": "Allocation of environmental burdens in multiple-function systems",
      "volume": "7",
      "author": "Azapagic",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "J Cleaner Prod"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib49",
      "unstructured": "White PR, de Smet B, Owens JW, Hindle P. LCA back on track \u2013 but is it one track of two? SETAC-Europe LCA News 1995;5(4):2\u20134. Referred to by Cowell SJ. Environmental life cycle assessment of agricultural systems: integration into decision-making. Ph.D. thesis. Guilford, UK: University of Surrey; 1998."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010_bib50",
      "series-title": "Life-cycle impact assessment: striving towards best practice",
      "article-title": "Indicators for ecotoxicity in life cycle impact assessment",
      "author": "Hauschild",
      "year": "2002"
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Journal of Cleaner Production",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0959652605001149?httpAccept=text/xml",
      "content-type": "text/xml",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0959652605001149?httpAccept=text/plain",
      "content-type": "text/plain",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2020,
        4,
        7
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2020-04-07T23:56:26Z",
    "timestamp": 1586303786000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0959652605001149"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2005,
        11
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 48,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "13-14",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2005,
          11
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "S0959652605001149"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2005.05.010",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0959-6526"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Journal of Cleaner Production",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2005,
        11
      ]
    ]
  }
}