DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009. Emerging materials and processes for thermal barrier systems

Emerging materials and processes for thermal barrier systems

10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009

Crossref journal-article

Elsevier BV

Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science (78)

Authors 1

Carlos G Levi (first)

References 168 Referenced 573

NRC: Coatings for high-temperature structural materials: trends and opportunities. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences; 1996 [ISBN 0-309-05381-1]
{'key': '10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB2', 'series-title': 'Metallurgical and ceramic protective coatings', 'first-page': '194', 'article-title': 'Thermal barrier coatings', 'author': 'Jones', 'year': '1996'} / Metallurgical and ceramic protective coatings / Thermal barrier coatings by Jones (1996)
{'key': '10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB3', 'first-page': '250', 'article-title': 'The evolution of thermal barrier coatings in gas turbine engine applications', 'volume': '116', 'author': 'Meier', 'year': '1994', 'journal-title': 'Trans. ASME'} / Trans. ASME / The evolution of thermal barrier coatings in gas turbine engine applications by Meier (1994)
10.1557/mrs2003.192 / MRS Bull. / Ultrahigh temperature Nb-silicide-based composites by Bewlay (2003)
Morrison JA, Merrill GB, Ludeman EM, Lane JE. Use of high temperature insulation for ceramic composites in gas turbines. US Patent, 6,197,424; 2001
10.1016/S0955-2219(02)00142-5 / J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. / Evaluation of CFCC liners with EBC after field testing in a gas turbine by Kimmel (2002)
10.1016/S0955-2219(02)00146-2 / J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. / Mechanical reliability evaluation of silicon nitride ceramic components after exposure in industrial gas turbines by Lin (2002)
10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03459.x / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. / Oxidation and volatilization of silica formers in watervapor by Opila (2003)
10.1016/S1359-0286(99)00024-8 / Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci. / Mechanisms governing the performance of thermal barrier coatings by Wright (1999)
{'key': '10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB10', 'first-page': '1069', 'article-title': 'Thermal barrier coatings for the 21st century', 'volume': '90', 'author': 'Stiger', 'year': '1999', 'journal-title': 'Zeit. Metal.'} / Zeit. Metal. / Thermal barrier coatings for the 21st century by Stiger (1999)
10.1016/S0079-6425(00)00020-7 / Progr. Mater. Sci. / Mechanisms controlling the durability of thermal barrier coatings by Evans (2001)
10.1126/science.1068609 / Science / Thermal barrier coatings for gas turbine engine applications by Padture (2002)
10.1016/S1270-9638(02)00003-2 / Aerospace Sci. Technol. / Some recent trends in research and technology of advanced thermal barrier coatings by Schulz (2003)
10.1557/mrs2003.194 / MRS Bull. / Advances in coating design for high performance gas turbines by Nicholls (2003)
10.1146/annurev.matsci.33.011403.113718 / Ann. Rev. Mater. Res. / Materials design for the next generation thermal barrier coatings by Clarke (2003)
10.1016/S0955-2219(03)00129-8 / J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. / Ceramic materials for thermal barrier coatings by Cao (2004)
10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00843-2 / Mater. Sci. Eng. / The displacement of the thermally grown oxide in thermal barrier systems upon temperature cycling by Karlsson (2003)
10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00458-6 / Mater. Sci. Eng. / Simulation of stresses and delamination in a plasma sprayed thermal barrier system upon thermal cycling by He (2003)
10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00251-4 / Mater. Sci. Eng. / Failure modes in plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings by Schlichting (2003)
10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00061-1 / Acta Mater. / A mechanistic study of oxidation-induced degradation in a plasma sprayed thermal barrier coating system. Part II: life prediction model by Busso (2001)
10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01853-0 / Mater. Sci. Eng. / Development of a micromechanical life prediction model for plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings by Vassen (2001)
10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00620-1 / Acta Mater. / On the propagation and coalescence of delamination cracks in compressed coatings: with application to thermal barrier systems by Chen (2003)
10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00422-0 / Acta Mater. / The displacement instability transition in thermal barrier systems by Karlsson (2002)
10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00071-4 / Acta Mater. / Characterization of a cyclic displacement instability for a thermally grown oxide in a thermal barrier system by Mumm (2001)
10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00403-7 / Acta Mater. / A model study of displacement instabilities during cyclic oxidation by Karlsson (2002)
10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00059-3 / Acta Mater. / Stress and shape evolution of irregularities in oxide films on elastic–plastic substrates due to thermal cycling and film growth by Ambrico (2001)
10.1016/S1359-6454(00)00156-7 / Acta Mater. / Surface rumpling of a (Ni,Pt)Al bond coat induced by cyclic oxidation by Tolpygo (2000)
{'key': '10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB28', 'first-page': '2', 'article-title': 'Microstructural evolution of platinum modified nickel aluminide bond coat during thermal cycling', 'volume': '163–164', 'author': 'Chen', 'year': '2003', 'journal-title': 'Surf. Coat. Technol.'} / Surf. Coat. Technol. / Microstructural evolution of platinum modified nickel aluminide bond coat during thermal cycling by Chen (2003)
10.1016/S1359-0286(02)00074-8 / Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci. / Stress generation during high-temperature oxidation of metallic alloys by Clarke (2002)
10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01502.x / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. / Thermal conductivity of yttria–zirconia single crystals, determined with spatially resolved infrared thermography by Bisson (2000)
Mévrel R, Laizet JC, Azzopardi A, Leclercq B, Poulain M, Lavigne O, Demange D: Thermal diffusivity and conductivity of Zr1−xYxO2−x/2 (x=0, 0.084 and 0.179) single crystals. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. (in press)
Stecura S. Optimization of the NiCrAl-Y/ZrO2–Y2O3 thermal barrier system NASA Report No. TM-86905. NASA, Cleveland, OH; 1985
{'key': '10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB33', 'series-title': 'Science and technology of zirconia', 'first-page': '241', 'article-title': 'Phase stability in plasma-sprayed, partially stabilized zirconia–yttria', 'volume': 'vol. 3', 'author': 'Miller', 'year': '1981'} / Science and technology of zirconia / Phase stability in plasma-sprayed, partially stabilized zirconia–yttria by Miller (1981)
10.1016/S0257-8972(96)03006-X / Surf. Coat. Technol. / Improved tetragonal phase stability at 1400 °C with scandia, yttria-stabilized zirconia by Jones (1996)
10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.197.145 / Key Eng. Mater. / The effects of high temperature exposure on the durability of thermal barrier coatings by Yanar (2001)
10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01269-5 / Surf. Coat. Technol. / Influence of impurity content and porosity of plasma sprayed yttria stabilized zirconia layers on the sintering behavior by Vassen (2001)
10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.08.073 / Surf. Coat. Technol. / Influence of aging on structure and thermal conductivity of Y-PSZ and Y-FSZ EB-PVD coatings by Azzopardi (2004)
Dinwiddie RB, Beecher SC, Porter WD, Nagaraj BA. The effect of thermal aging on the thermal conductivity of plasma sprayed and EB-PVD thermal barrier coatings. ASME Report 96-GT-282, American Society of Mechanical Engineers; 1996 (10.1115/96-GT-282)
10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.06.019 / Surf. Coat. Technol. / On the effect of ageing on the erosion of EB-PVD TBCs by Wellman (2004)
Chen X, He MY, Spitsberg IT, Fleck NA, Hutchinson JW, Evans AG. Mechanisms governing the high temperature erosion of thermal barrier coatings. Wear (in press) (10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00446-0)
10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.369-372.531 / Mater. Sci. Forum / A mechanism for the erosion of EB PVD TBCs by Wellman (2001)
10.1016/S0921-5107(03)00092-8 / Mater. Sci. Eng. / Foreign object damage in a thermal barrier system: mechanisms and simulations by Chen (2003)
Darolia R, Nagaraj BA. Method of forming a coating resistant to deposits and coating formed thereby. US Patent Application, US 2003/0152797 A1; 2003
10.1016/S0257-8972(96)02994-5 / Surf. Coat. Technol. / Role of environmental deposits and operating surface temperature in spallation of air plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings by Borom (1996)
10.3184/096034000783640749 / Mater. High Temper. / Corrosion of thermal barrier coatings by vanadium and sulfur compounds by Marple (2000)
10.1023/A:1004634400479 / Oxidat. Metals / Hot corrosion of an EB-PVD thermal-barrier coating system at 950 °C by Leyens (2000)
10.1016/0257-8972(95)02646-0 / Surf. Coat. Technol. / Scandia, yttria-stabilized zirconia for thermal barrier coatings by Jones (1996)
10.1016/S0043-1648(99)00214-8 / Wear / A comparison between the erosion behavior of thermal spray and electron-beam physical vapour deposition thermal barrier coatings by Nicholls (1999)
Nicholls JR, Lawson KJ, Rickerby DS, Morell P. Advanced processing of TBCs for reduced thermal conductivity. In: Proceedings of the 85th Meeting of the AGARD Structures and Materials Panel; Aalborg, Denmark: AGARD (Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development); 1998. p. 6.1–9
Rigney DV, Maricocchi AF, Wortman DJ, Bruce RW, Rigney JD. Method for forming a thermal barrier coating system. US Patent, 6,447,854; 2002
Rigney JD, Wortman DJ. Physical properties of thermal barrier coatings using electron beam-physical vapor deposition. US Patent, 6,620,465; 2003
Jaslier YP, Malle AHL, Huchin J-P, Alperine S, Portal R. Ceramic heat barrier coating having low thermal conductivity and process for the deposition of said coating. US Patent, 6,251,504 B1; 2001
Marijnissen GH, van Lieshout AHF, Ticheler GJ, Bons HJM, Ridder ML. Thermal barrier coating system ceramic structure. US Patent, 5,876,860; 1999
10.1016/0040-6090(85)90215-9 / Thin Solid Films / Thermal barrier coatings for turbine airfoils by Strangman (1985)
10.1116/1.581492 / J. Vacuum Sci. Technol. A / Electron beam directed vapor deposition of thermal barrier coatings by Hass (1998)
10.1016/S1359-6454(00)00403-1 / Acta Mater. / Low thermal conductivity vapor deposited zirconia microstructures by Hass (2001)
{'key': '10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB57', 'series-title': 'Proceedings of the Society of Vacuum Coaters 44th Annual Technical Conference', 'article-title': 'Performances of a microwave PECVD reactor for thin or thick oxide coatings at extremely high deposition rate', 'author': 'Préauchat', 'year': '2001'} / Proceedings of the Society of Vacuum Coaters 44th Annual Technical Conference / Performances of a microwave PECVD reactor for thin or thick oxide coatings at extremely high deposition rate by Préauchat (2001)
10.1016/S0040-6090(96)09099-2 / Thin Solid Films / Zirconia coatings realized by microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition by Bertrand (1997)
10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01454-2 / Surf. Coat. Technol. / Isothermal and cycling properties of zirconia-based thermal barrier coatings deposited by PECVD by Préauchat (2001)
Taylor TA. Thermal barrier coating for substrates and process for producing it. US Patent, 5,073,433; 1991
10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01361-2 / Mater. Sci. Eng. / Thermal fracture of interfaces in pre-cracked thermal barrier coatings by Kokini (2002)
Farmer G. Method of protecting gas turbine combustor components against water erosion and hot corrosion. US Patent, 6,047,539; 2000
Bruce RW, Schaeffer JC. Sprayed ZrO2 thermal barrier coating with vertical cracks. European Patent, EP1281788; 2003
Graham SD, DeSol MF, Smith ML, Wallace MW, Ling RL. Dense vertically cracked thermal barrier coating process to facilitate post-coat surface finishing. US Patent, 6,432,487; 2000
Platts: Top Plants 2003: Baglan Bay Power Station. Power 2003;147:45–8
10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00130-6 / Acta Mater. / Toward durable thermal barrier coatings with novel microstructures deposited by solution precursor plasma spray by Padture (2001)
10.1557/JMR.2002.0346 / J. Mater. Res. / Mechanisms of ceramic coating deposition in solution precursor plasma spray by Bhatia (2002)
10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.06.023 / Surf. Coat. Technol. / Highly durable thermal barrier coatings made by the solution precursor plasma spray process by Gell (2004)
Terry SG. Evolution of microstructure during the growth of thermal barrier coatings by electron-beam physical vapor deposition. Doctoral Dissertation in Materials. University of California, Santa Barbara, CA; 2001
10.1016/S0079-6425(00)00009-8 / Progr. Mater. Res. / Mechanisms, models and methods of vapor deposition by Wadley (2001)
Cho J, Terry SG, LeSar R, Levi CG. A kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of flm growth by physical vapor deposition on rotating substrates. Mater Sci Eng (submitted)
10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00470-2 / Mater. Sci. Eng. / Microstructure and texture of EB-PVD TBCs grown under different rotation modes by Schulz (2003)
10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00030-2 / Acta Mater. / Comprehensive microstructural characterization and predictive property modeling of plasma sprayed zirconia coatings by Kulkarni (2003)
{'key': '10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB74', 'series-title': 'Science and technology of zirconia V', 'first-page': '59', 'article-title': 'Phase diagram calculations for ZrO2 based ceramics: thermodynamic regularities in zirconate formation and solubilities of transition metal oxides', 'author': 'Yokokawa', 'year': '1990'} / Science and technology of zirconia V / Phase diagram calculations for ZrO2 based ceramics: thermodynamic regularities in zirconate formation and solubilities of transition metal oxides by Yokokawa (1990)
Leclercq B, Mévrel R. Thermal conductivity of zirconia-based ceramics for thermal barrier coatings. In: 10th International Ceramics Congress (CIMTEC) July 14–19, 2002, Firenze, Italy; 2002. p. 365–72
10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01651-6 / Surf. Coat. Technol. / Methods to reduce the thermal conductivity of EB-PVD TBCs by Nicholls (2002)
10.1002/9780470294758.ch51 / Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc. / Thermal conductivity and sintering behavior of advanced thermal barrier coatings by Zhu (2002)
10.1002/9780470294802.ch75 / Ceram Eng Sci Proc / Defect clustering and nano-phase structure characterization of multi-component rare earth oxide doped zirconia-yttria thermal barrier coatings by Zhu (2003)
Rigney JD, Darolia R. Yttria-stabilized zirconia with reduced thermal conductivity. US Patent, US 6,586,115 B2; 2003
Maloney MJ. Thermal barrier coating systems and materials. US Patent, 6,117,560; 2000
Maloney MJ. Thermal barrier coating systems and materials. European Patent Application, EP 0 992 603 A1; 2000
10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01506.x / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. / Zirconates as new materials for thermal barrier coatings by Vassen (2000)
10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00574.x / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. / Low-thermal-conductivity rare-earth zirconates for potential thermal barrier coating applications by Wu (2002)
Maloney MJ. Thermal barrier coating systems and materials. US Patent Application, 20030049470 A1; 2003
10.1361/105996300770349890 / J. Therm. Spray Technol. / Thermal conductivity and elastic modulus evolution of thermal barrier coatings under high heat flux conditions by Zhu (2000)
10.1016/S0257-8972(02)00593-5 / Surf. Coat. Technol. / Materials selection guidelines for low thermal conductivity thermal barrier coatings by Clarke (2003)
10.1088/0370-1298/68/12/303 / Proc. Phys. Soc. London / The scattering of low-frequency lattice waves by static imperfections by Klemens (1955)
10.1016/S0022-3115(97)00235-3 / J. Nucl. Mater. / Investigation of the thermal conductivity of selected compounds of gadolinium and lanthanum by Suresh (1997)
10.1016/S0925-8388(97)00629-4 / J. Alloys Compd. / Investigation of the thermal conductivity of selected compounds of lanthanum, samarium and europium by Suresh (1998)
Maloney MJ. Thermal barrier coating systems and materials. US Patent, 6,177,200; 2001
10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03473.x / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. / Thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient of the lanthanum rare-earth element zirconate system by Lehmann (2003)
Subramanian R. Thermal barrier coating having high phase stability. US Patent, 6,258,467; 2001
10.1557/JMR.2002.0462 / J. Mater. Res. / Thermal conductivity of ceramics in the ZrO2–GdO1.5 system by Wu (2002)
Fevre M. Etudes microstructurales d'oxydes desordonnes et modelisatioin de leurs proprietes thermiques. Doctoral Disseration in Science. Universite de Parix XI Orsay; 2003
Vassen R, Lehmann H, Dietrich M, Cao X, Stöver D, Pracht G. Heat-insulating layer based on La2Zr2O7 for high temperatures. International Patent Application, WO 02081768 A2; 2002
Maloney MJ, Achter HS, Barkalow RH. Development of ceria-base low thermal conductivity thermal barrier coatings. In: Cincinnati OH, Brindley WJ, editors. Proceedings of the 1997 Thermal Barrier Coating Workshop, NASA Lewis Research Center: 1997
Maloney MJ. Article having a durable ceramic coating. US Patent, 6,187,453; 2001
10.1002/adma.200304132 / Adv. Mater. / Lanthanum–cerium oxice as a thermal barrier coating material for high temperature applications by Cao (2003)
10.1361/105996301770349105 / J. Therm. Spray Technol. / Lanthanum hexaaluminate––a new material for atmospheric plasma spraying of advanced thermal barrier coatings by Friedrich (2001)
10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01642-5 / Surf. Coat. Technol. / Lanthanum hexaluminate––novel thermal barrier coatings for gas turbine applications––materials and process development by Gadow (2002)
Saruhan-Brings B, Schulz U, Kröder CJ. Thermal insulating material with an essentially magnetoplumbitic crystal structure. European Patent Application, EP 1256636 A2; 2002
10.1111/j.1151-2916.1997.tb02937.x / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. / Low thermal conductivity in garnets by Padture (1997)
10.1002/9780470294703.ch44 / Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc. / Thermal insulation coatings of LaPO4 by Sudre (2001)
10.1016/S0921-5093(97)00846-0 / Mater. Sci. Eng. / Thermal conductivity of thermal barrier coatings by Klemens (1998)
10.1080/09500830310001646699 / Philos Mag Lett / Optimum pyrochlore compositions for low thermal conductivity by Schelling (2003)
10.1016/S0081-1947(08)60359-8 / Solid State Phys. / The thermal conductivity of non-metallic crystals by Slack (1979)
10.1103/PhysRevB.46.6131 / Phys. Rev. B––Cond. Matter / Lower limit to the thermal conductivity of disordered crystals by Cahill (1992)
10.1016/S1359-6454(97)00260-7 / Acta Mater. / Metastability and microstructure evolution in the synthesis of inorganics from percursors by Levi (1998)
{'key': '10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB109', 'first-page': '1079', 'article-title': 'Transient phase evolution during oxidation of a two-phase NiCoCrAlY bond coat', 'volume': '90', 'author': 'Mennicke', 'year': '1999', 'journal-title': 'Zeit. Metal.'} / Zeit. Metal. / Transient phase evolution during oxidation of a two-phase NiCoCrAlY bond coat by Mennicke (1999)
10.1179/mht.2000.011 / Mater. High Temp. / Microstructural study of the theta-to-alpha transformation in alumina scales formed on nickel-aluminides by Tolpygo (2000)
10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03357.x / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. / Alumina grown during deposition of thermal barrier coatings on NiCrAlY by Levi (2002)
Leckie RMR, Rebollo NR, Yang JY, Levi CG. Microstructure stability issues in emerging TBC materials. In: Kaysser WA, editor. Proceedings of an International Symposium on Thermal Barrier Coatings and Titanium Aluminides for Gas Turbines (TurbOMat), Bonn, Germany, DLR; 2002
10.3139/146.017909 / Zeit. Metal. / Assessment of the thermodynamic parameters in the system ZrO2–Y2O3–Al2O3 by Fabrichnaya (2004)
Dietrich M, Vassen R, Cao X, Stöver D. Combined heat insulating layer systems. US Patent Application, US 2003/0148148 A1; 2003
Subramanian R. Highly defective oxides as sinter resistant thermal barrier coating. US Patent Application, US 203/0108768; 2003
10.1007/BF02646310 / J. Therm. Spray Technol. / Thermal barrier coatings for aircraft engines: history and directions by Miller (1997)
10.1016/0040-6090(87)90305-1 / Thin Solid Films / New ZrO2–Yb2O3 plasma-sprayed coatings for thermal barrier applications by Stecura (1987)
{'key': '10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB118', 'series-title': 'Ceramic coatings', 'first-page': '173', 'article-title': 'Yttria stabilized hafnia-zirconia thermal barrier coatings: influence of hafnia addition on TBC structure and high temperature behavior', 'author': 'Ibégazène', 'year': '1993'} / Ceramic coatings / Yttria stabilized hafnia-zirconia thermal barrier coatings: influence of hafnia addition on TBC structure and high temperature behavior by Ibégazène (1993)
10.1002/9780470294758.ch59 / Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc. / Furnace cyclic behavior of plasma-sprayed Zirconia-Yttria and multi-component rare earth oxide doped thermal barrier coatings by Zhu (2002)
10.1111/j.1151-2916.1993.tb03661.x / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. / Phase equilibria in the system ZrO2–InO1.5 by Sasaki (1994)
10.1016/0167-2738(96)00386-4 / Solid State Ion. / Metastable-stable phase diagrams in the zirconia-containing systems utilized in solid-oxide fuel cell application by Yashima (1996)
10.1007/BF02645287 / J. Phase Equilibr. / The cubic-tetragonal phase equilibria in the ZrO2–R2O3 (R=Y, Gd, Sm, Nd) systems by Katamura (1995)
10.1111/j.1151-2916.1988.tb05893.x / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. / Phase equilibrium and martensitic transformation in lanthana-doped zirconia by Bastide (1988)
Jones RL. Scandia, yttria-stabilized zirconia for ultra-high temperature thermal barrier coatings. US Patent, 6,044,830; 2000
10.3139/146.030163 / Zeit. Metal. / Phase stability of Y+Gd co-doped zirconia by Rebollo (2003)
10.3184/096034001783640469 / Mater. High Temp. / Failure aspects of thermal barrier coatings by Singheiser (2001)
10.1016/j.actamat.2003.11.029 / Acta Mater. / A probe for the high temperature deformation of oxides used for thermal barrier systems by Watanabe (2004)
Darolia R. Thermal barrier coating with improved erosion and impact resistance. US Patent, 6,617,049; 2003
Rigney JD, Darolia R. Thermal barrier coating with improved erosion and impact resistance and process therefore. US Patent, US 6,620,525 B1; 2003
Bruce RW, Schaeffer JC, Rosenzweig MA, Viguie R, Rigney DV, et al. Thermal barrier coating resistant to erosion and impact by particulate matter. US Patent, 5,683,825; 1997 (10.1007/s11666-997-0008-6)
10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00579-3 / Mater. Sci. Eng. / Graded coatings for thermal, wear and corrosion barriers by Schulz (2003)
Bruce RW, Burlingame NH. Article protected by thermal barrier coating having a sintering inhibitor, and its fabrication. US Patent Application, US 2003/0077477 A1; 2003
Subramanian R. In situ formation of multiphase electron beam physical vapor deposited barrier coatings for turbine components. US Patent, US 6,296,945 B1; 2001
Raybould D, Strangman TE, Fischer WE, Chipko PA. Thermal barrier coating with alumina bond inhibitor. US Patent, 6,103,386; 2000
Hasz WC, Borom MP, Johnson CA. Protection of thermal barrier coating with an impermeable barrier coating. US Patent, 5,871,820; 1999
Stowell WR, Nagaraj BA, Lee CP, Ackerman JF, Israel RS. Enhanced coating system for turbine airfoil applications. US Patent, US 6,394,755 B1; 2002
Bruce RW, Rosenzweig MA, Schaeffer JC, Wortman DJ. Method for forming a multilayer thermal barrier coating. US Patent, 6,054,184; 2000
Mullin RS, Allen WP, Gell ML, Barkalow RH, Noetzel AA, Appleby JW, et al. Multiple nanolayer coating system. US Patent, 5,687,679; 1997
10.1111/j.1551-2916.1999.tb20076.x / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. / Microstructure, texture, and thermal conductivity of single-layer and multilayer thermal barrier coatings of Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 and Al2O3 made by physical vapor deposition by An (1999)
10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.308-311.396 / Mater. Sci. Forum / Graded EB-PVD alumina–zirconia thermal barrier coatings––an experimental approach by Krell (1999)
Maloney MJ. Ceramic coatings containing layered porosity. US Patent, 6,057,047; 2000
Strangman TE. Porous thermal barrier coating. US Patent, 5,512,382; 1996
Strangman TE, Raybould D. Lower conductivity barrier coating. US Patent, US 6,482,537 B1; 2002
Stowell WR, Ackerman JF, Skoog AJ, Cook GE, Varney GE. Multilayer dielectric stack coated part for contact with combustion gases. US Patent, 5,851,679; 1998
Skoog AJ, Murphy JA, Stowell WR. Article with a diffuse reflective barrier coating and a low emissivity coating thereon, and its preparation. US Patent, US 6,210,791 B1; 2001
Allen WP, Veronesi WA, Hall RJ, Maloney MJ, Appleby JW, Hague DC, et al. Reflective coatings to reduce radiation heat transfer. US Patent, US 6,652,987 B2; 2003
10.1243/0954410011533338 / Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part G. J. Aerospace Eng. / Phosphor thermometry in an electron beam physical vapour deposition produced thermal barrier coating doped with dysprosium by Feist (2001)
10.1243/09576500360611227 / Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part A: J. Power Energy / Thermographic phosphor thermometry for film cooling studies in gas turbine combustors by Feist (2003)
10.1007/s11661-001-0235-2 / Metall. Mater. Trans. A / The effect of grit blasting on the oxidation behavior of a platinum-modified nickel–aluminide coating by Tolpygo (2001)
10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01482-7 / Surf. Coat. Technol. / Oxidation-induced failure of EB-PVD thermal barrier coatings by Tolpygo (2001)
10.1016/S1359-6462(01)01222-2 / Scri. Mater. / The influence of platinum on the failure of EBPVD YSZ TBCs on NiCoCrAlY bond coats by Yanar (2002)
{'key': '10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB152', 'first-page': '67', 'article-title': 'Precursor to TBC failure caused by constrained phase transformation in the thermally grown oxide', 'author': 'Clarke', 'year': '1999'} / Precursor to TBC failure caused by constrained phase transformation in the thermally grown oxide by Clarke (1999)
Schaeffer JC, Connor WB, Field RD. Method for forming a thermal barrier coating. US Patent, 6,123,997; 2000
Spitsberg IT. Method for improving the TBC life of a single phase platinum aluminide bond coat by preoxidation heat treatment. US Patent Application, US 2003/0203221 A1; 2003
10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00014-4 / Acta Mater. / Evolution of a diffusion aluminide bond coat for thermal barrier coatings during thermal cycling by Pan (2003)
Rigney JD, Darolia R, Walston WS, Corderman RR. Nickel aluminide coating and coating systems formed therewith. US Patent, 6,153,313; 2000
Darolia R. Bond coat for a thermal barrier coating and method thereof. US Patent, US 6,255,001 B1; 2001
Darolia R, Rigney JD, Grylls RJ. Nickel aluminide alloys with Cr and Zr for adherent coating or interlayer on superalloy turbine parts. US Patent, US 6,291,084 B1; 2001
Darolia R, Rigney JD, Pfaendtner JA. Nickel aluminide coating and coating systems formed therewith. US Patent Application, US 2003/0118863 A1; 2003
Saint Ramond B, Nicholls JR. Method of making a protective coating forming a thermal barrier with bonding underlayer ona superalloy substrate, and a part obtained thereby. US Patent, US 6,645,351 B2; 2003
Spitsberg IT, Darolia R, Jackson MR, Zhao J-C, Schaeffer JC. Diffusion barrier layer. US Patent, US 6,306,524 B1; 2001
10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.12.009 / Scri. Mater. / Thermal expansion behavior of ruthenium aluminides by Tryon (2004)
Zhao J-C, Jackson MR, Grylls RJ, Darolia R. Heat-resistant Ru alloy coating for protection of superalloy substrates in high temperature. US Patent Application, US 2003148141 A1; 2003
Zhao J-C, Jackson MR. Diffusion interlayer for barrier coating on superalloy articles. US Patent Application, US 2002197502; 2002
Zhao J-C, Jackson MR. Gas-turbine parts and similar articles precoated with Pt-group alloys for high temperature service. European Patent, EP 1347079; 2003
10.1111/j.1151-2916.1990.tb06567.x / J. Am. Ceram. Soc. / Chemical potential diagrams for rare earth-transition metal-oxygen xystems: I, Ln–V–O, Ln–Mn–O systems by Yokokawa (1990)
Murphy KS. Stabilized Zirconia thermal barrier coating with Hafnia. US Patent Application, US 2003/0118873 A1; 2003
Rebollo NR, Gandhi AS, Levi CG. Phase stability issues in emerging TBC systems. In: Opila EJ, Hou P, Maruyama T, Pieraggi B, McNallan M, Shifler D, Wuchina E, editors. High Temperature Corrosion and Materials Chemistry IV. Electrochemical Society Proceedings, vol. PV-2003-16;2003. p. 431–42

Dates

Type	When
Created	21 years, 4 months ago (April 15, 2004, 1:36 a.m.)
Deposited	6 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 13, 2019, 3:51 p.m.)
Indexed	6 days, 15 hours ago (Aug. 26, 2025, 2:28 a.m.)
Issued	21 years, 8 months ago (Jan. 1, 2004)
Published	21 years, 8 months ago (Jan. 1, 2004)
Published Print	21 years, 8 months ago (Jan. 1, 2004)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Levi_2004, title={Emerging materials and processes for thermal barrier systems}, volume={8}, ISSN={1359-0286}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009}, DOI={10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009}, number={1}, journal={Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Levi, Carlos G}, year={2004}, month=jan, pages={77–91} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        8,
        26
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-08-26T06:28:27Z",
    "timestamp": 1756189707737
  },
  "reference-count": 168,
  "publisher": "Elsevier BV",
  "issue": "1",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            2004,
            1,
            1
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "2004-01-01T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": 1072915200000
      },
      "content-version": "tdm",
      "delay-in-days": 0,
      "URL": "https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [],
    "crossmark-restriction": false
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2004,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "DOI": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2004,
        4,
        15
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2004-04-15T05:36:43Z",
    "timestamp": 1082007403000
  },
  "page": "77-91",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 573,
  "title": "Emerging materials and processes for thermal barrier systems",
  "prefix": "10.1016",
  "volume": "8",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Carlos G",
      "family": "Levi",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": []
    }
  ],
  "member": "78",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB1",
      "unstructured": "NRC: Coatings for high-temperature structural materials: trends and opportunities. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences; 1996 [ISBN 0-309-05381-1]"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB2",
      "series-title": "Metallurgical and ceramic protective coatings",
      "first-page": "194",
      "article-title": "Thermal barrier coatings",
      "author": "Jones",
      "year": "1996"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB3",
      "first-page": "250",
      "article-title": "The evolution of thermal barrier coatings in gas turbine engine applications",
      "volume": "116",
      "author": "Meier",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Trans. ASME"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB4",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "646",
      "DOI": "10.1557/mrs2003.192",
      "article-title": "Ultrahigh temperature Nb-silicide-based composites",
      "volume": "28",
      "author": "Bewlay",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "MRS Bull."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB5",
      "unstructured": "Morrison JA, Merrill GB, Ludeman EM, Lane JE. Use of high temperature insulation for ceramic composites in gas turbines. US Patent, 6,197,424; 2001"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB6",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2769",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0955-2219(02)00142-5",
      "article-title": "Evaluation of CFCC liners with EBC after field testing in a gas turbine",
      "volume": "22",
      "author": "Kimmel",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "J. Eur. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB7",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2789",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0955-2219(02)00146-2",
      "article-title": "Mechanical reliability evaluation of silicon nitride ceramic components after exposure in industrial gas turbines",
      "volume": "22",
      "author": "Lin",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "J. Eur. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1238",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03459.x",
      "article-title": "Oxidation and volatilization of silica formers in watervapor",
      "volume": "86",
      "author": "Opila",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "255",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-0286(99)00024-8",
      "article-title": "Mechanisms governing the performance of thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "4",
      "author": "Wright",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB10",
      "first-page": "1069",
      "article-title": "Thermal barrier coatings for the 21st century",
      "volume": "90",
      "author": "Stiger",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Zeit. Metal."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB11",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "505",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0079-6425(00)00020-7",
      "article-title": "Mechanisms controlling the durability of thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "46",
      "author": "Evans",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Progr. Mater. Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB12",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "280",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.1068609",
      "article-title": "Thermal barrier coatings for gas turbine engine applications",
      "volume": "296",
      "author": "Padture",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "73",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1270-9638(02)00003-2",
      "article-title": "Some recent trends in research and technology of advanced thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "7",
      "author": "Schulz",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Aerospace Sci. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "659",
      "DOI": "10.1557/mrs2003.194",
      "article-title": "Advances in coating design for high performance gas turbines",
      "volume": "28",
      "author": "Nicholls",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "MRS Bull."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB15",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "383",
      "DOI": "10.1146/annurev.matsci.33.011403.113718",
      "article-title": "Materials design for the next generation thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "33",
      "author": "Clarke",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Ann. Rev. Mater. Res."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0955-2219(03)00129-8",
      "article-title": "Ceramic materials for thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "24",
      "author": "Cao",
      "year": "2004",
      "journal-title": "J. Eur. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB17",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "244",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00843-2",
      "article-title": "The displacement of the thermally grown oxide in thermal barrier systems upon temperature cycling",
      "volume": "A351",
      "author": "Karlsson",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Sci. Eng."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB18",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "172",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00458-6",
      "article-title": "Simulation of stresses and delamination in a plasma sprayed thermal barrier system upon thermal cycling",
      "volume": "A345",
      "author": "He",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Sci. Eng."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB19",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "120",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00251-4",
      "article-title": "Failure modes in plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "A342",
      "author": "Schlichting",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Sci. Eng."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB20",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1529",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00061-1",
      "article-title": "A mechanistic study of oxidation-induced degradation in a plasma sprayed thermal barrier coating system. Part II: life prediction model",
      "volume": "49",
      "author": "Busso",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB21",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "100",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01853-0",
      "article-title": "Development of a micromechanical life prediction model for plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "A303",
      "author": "Vassen",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Sci. Eng."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB22",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2017",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00620-1",
      "article-title": "On the propagation and coalescence of delamination cracks in compressed coatings: with application to thermal barrier systems",
      "volume": "51",
      "author": "Chen",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB23",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1211",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00422-0",
      "article-title": "The displacement instability transition in thermal barrier systems",
      "volume": "50",
      "author": "Karlsson",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB24",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2329",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00071-4",
      "article-title": "Characterization of a cyclic displacement instability for a thermally grown oxide in a thermal barrier system",
      "volume": "49",
      "author": "Mumm",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1263",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00403-7",
      "article-title": "A model study of displacement instabilities during cyclic oxidation",
      "volume": "50",
      "author": "Karlsson",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB26",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1577",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00059-3",
      "article-title": "Stress and shape evolution of irregularities in oxide films on elastic\u2013plastic substrates due to thermal cycling and film growth",
      "volume": "49",
      "author": "Ambrico",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB27",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3283",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6454(00)00156-7",
      "article-title": "Surface rumpling of a (Ni,Pt)Al bond coat induced by cyclic oxidation",
      "volume": "48",
      "author": "Tolpygo",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB28",
      "first-page": "2",
      "article-title": "Microstructural evolution of platinum modified nickel aluminide bond coat during thermal cycling",
      "volume": "163\u2013164",
      "author": "Chen",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Coat. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB29",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "237",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-0286(02)00074-8",
      "article-title": "Stress generation during high-temperature oxidation of metallic alloys",
      "volume": "6",
      "author": "Clarke",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB30",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1993",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01502.x",
      "article-title": "Thermal conductivity of yttria\u2013zirconia single crystals, determined with spatially resolved infrared thermography",
      "volume": "83",
      "author": "Bisson",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB31",
      "unstructured": "M\u00e9vrel R, Laizet JC, Azzopardi A, Leclercq B, Poulain M, Lavigne O, Demange D: Thermal diffusivity and conductivity of Zr1\u2212xYxO2\u2212x/2 (x=0, 0.084 and 0.179) single crystals. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. (in press)"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB32",
      "unstructured": "Stecura S. Optimization of the NiCrAl-Y/ZrO2\u2013Y2O3 thermal barrier system NASA Report No. TM-86905. NASA, Cleveland, OH; 1985"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB33",
      "series-title": "Science and technology of zirconia",
      "first-page": "241",
      "article-title": "Phase stability in plasma-sprayed, partially stabilized zirconia\u2013yttria",
      "volume": "vol. 3",
      "author": "Miller",
      "year": "1981"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB34",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "94",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0257-8972(96)03006-X",
      "article-title": "Improved tetragonal phase stability at 1400 \u00b0C with scandia, yttria-stabilized zirconia",
      "volume": "86\u201387",
      "author": "Jones",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Coat. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB35",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "145",
      "DOI": "10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.197.145",
      "article-title": "The effects of high temperature exposure on the durability of thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "197",
      "author": "Yanar",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Key Eng. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB36",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "135",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01269-5",
      "article-title": "Influence of impurity content and porosity of plasma sprayed yttria stabilized zirconia layers on the sintering behavior",
      "volume": "141",
      "author": "Vassen",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Coat. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB37",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "131",
      "DOI": "10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.08.073",
      "article-title": "Influence of aging on structure and thermal conductivity of Y-PSZ and Y-FSZ EB-PVD coatings",
      "volume": "177\u2013178",
      "author": "Azzopardi",
      "year": "2004",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Coat. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB38",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Dinwiddie RB, Beecher SC, Porter WD, Nagaraj BA. The effect of thermal aging on the thermal conductivity of plasma sprayed and EB-PVD thermal barrier coatings. ASME Report 96-GT-282, American Society of Mechanical Engineers; 1996",
      "DOI": "10.1115/96-GT-282"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB39",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "80",
      "DOI": "10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.06.019",
      "article-title": "On the effect of ageing on the erosion of EB-PVD TBCs",
      "volume": "177\u2013178",
      "author": "Wellman",
      "year": "2004",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Coat. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB40",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Chen X, He MY, Spitsberg IT, Fleck NA, Hutchinson JW, Evans AG. Mechanisms governing the high temperature erosion of thermal barrier coatings. Wear (in press)",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00446-0"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB41",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "531",
      "DOI": "10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.369-372.531",
      "article-title": "A mechanism for the erosion of EB PVD TBCs",
      "volume": "369\u2013372",
      "author": "Wellman",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Sci. Forum"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB42",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "221",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0921-5107(03)00092-8",
      "article-title": "Foreign object damage in a thermal barrier system: mechanisms and simulations",
      "volume": "A352",
      "author": "Chen",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Sci. Eng."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB43",
      "unstructured": "Darolia R, Nagaraj BA. Method of forming a coating resistant to deposits and coating formed thereby. US Patent Application, US 2003/0152797 A1; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB44",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "116",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0257-8972(96)02994-5",
      "article-title": "Role of environmental deposits and operating surface temperature in spallation of air plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "86\u201387",
      "author": "Borom",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Coat. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB45",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "397",
      "DOI": "10.3184/096034000783640749",
      "article-title": "Corrosion of thermal barrier coatings by vanadium and sulfur compounds",
      "volume": "17",
      "author": "Marple",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Mater. High Temper."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB46",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "401",
      "DOI": "10.1023/A:1004634400479",
      "article-title": "Hot corrosion of an EB-PVD thermal-barrier coating system at 950 \u00b0C",
      "volume": "54",
      "author": "Leyens",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Oxidat. Metals"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB47",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "70",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0257-8972(95)02646-0",
      "article-title": "Scandia, yttria-stabilized zirconia for thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "82",
      "author": "Jones",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Coat. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB48",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "352",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0043-1648(99)00214-8",
      "article-title": "A comparison between the erosion behavior of thermal spray and electron-beam physical vapour deposition thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "233\u2013235",
      "author": "Nicholls",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Wear"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB49",
      "unstructured": "Nicholls JR, Lawson KJ, Rickerby DS, Morell P. Advanced processing of TBCs for reduced thermal conductivity. In: Proceedings of the 85th Meeting of the AGARD Structures and Materials Panel; Aalborg, Denmark: AGARD (Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development); 1998. p. 6.1\u20139"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB50",
      "unstructured": "Rigney DV, Maricocchi AF, Wortman DJ, Bruce RW, Rigney JD. Method for forming a thermal barrier coating system. US Patent, 6,447,854; 2002"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB51",
      "unstructured": "Rigney JD, Wortman DJ. Physical properties of thermal barrier coatings using electron beam-physical vapor deposition. US Patent, 6,620,465; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB52",
      "unstructured": "Jaslier YP, Malle AHL, Huchin J-P, Alperine S, Portal R. Ceramic heat barrier coating having low thermal conductivity and process for the deposition of said coating. US Patent, 6,251,504 B1; 2001"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB53",
      "unstructured": "Marijnissen GH, van Lieshout AHF, Ticheler GJ, Bons HJM, Ridder ML. Thermal barrier coating system ceramic structure. US Patent, 5,876,860; 1999"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB54",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "93",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0040-6090(85)90215-9",
      "article-title": "Thermal barrier coatings for turbine airfoils",
      "volume": "127",
      "author": "Strangman",
      "year": "1985",
      "journal-title": "Thin Solid Films"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB55",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3396",
      "DOI": "10.1116/1.581492",
      "article-title": "Electron beam directed vapor deposition of thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "16",
      "author": "Hass",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "J. Vacuum Sci. Technol. A"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB56",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "973",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6454(00)00403-1",
      "article-title": "Low thermal conductivity vapor deposited zirconia microstructures",
      "volume": "49",
      "author": "Hass",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB57",
      "series-title": "Proceedings of the Society of Vacuum Coaters 44th Annual Technical Conference",
      "article-title": "Performances of a microwave PECVD reactor for thin or thick oxide coatings at extremely high deposition rate",
      "author": "Pr\u00e9auchat",
      "year": "2001"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB58",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "241",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0040-6090(96)09099-2",
      "article-title": "Zirconia coatings realized by microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition",
      "volume": "292",
      "author": "Bertrand",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "Thin Solid Films"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB59",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "94",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01454-2",
      "article-title": "Isothermal and cycling properties of zirconia-based thermal barrier coatings deposited by PECVD",
      "volume": "146\u2013147",
      "author": "Pr\u00e9auchat",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Coat. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB60",
      "unstructured": "Taylor TA. Thermal barrier coating for substrates and process for producing it. US Patent, 5,073,433; 1991"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB61",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "70",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01361-2",
      "article-title": "Thermal fracture of interfaces in pre-cracked thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "A323",
      "author": "Kokini",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Sci. Eng."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB62",
      "unstructured": "Farmer G. Method of protecting gas turbine combustor components against water erosion and hot corrosion. US Patent, 6,047,539; 2000"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB63",
      "unstructured": "Bruce RW, Schaeffer JC. Sprayed ZrO2 thermal barrier coating with vertical cracks. European Patent, EP1281788; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB64",
      "unstructured": "Graham SD, DeSol MF, Smith ML, Wallace MW, Ling RL. Dense vertically cracked thermal barrier coating process to facilitate post-coat surface finishing. US Patent, 6,432,487; 2000"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB65",
      "unstructured": "Platts: Top Plants 2003: Baglan Bay Power Station. Power 2003;147:45\u20138"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB66",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2251",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00130-6",
      "article-title": "Toward durable thermal barrier coatings with novel microstructures deposited by solution precursor plasma spray",
      "volume": "49",
      "author": "Padture",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB67",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2363",
      "DOI": "10.1557/JMR.2002.0346",
      "article-title": "Mechanisms of ceramic coating deposition in solution precursor plasma spray",
      "volume": "17",
      "author": "Bhatia",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "J. Mater. Res."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB68",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "97",
      "DOI": "10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.06.023",
      "article-title": "Highly durable thermal barrier coatings made by the solution precursor plasma spray process",
      "volume": "177\u2013178",
      "author": "Gell",
      "year": "2004",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Coat. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB69",
      "unstructured": "Terry SG. Evolution of microstructure during the growth of thermal barrier coatings by electron-beam physical vapor deposition. Doctoral Dissertation in Materials. University of California, Santa Barbara, CA; 2001"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB70",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "329",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0079-6425(00)00009-8",
      "article-title": "Mechanisms, models and methods of vapor deposition",
      "volume": "46",
      "author": "Wadley",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Progr. Mater. Res."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB71",
      "unstructured": "Cho J, Terry SG, LeSar R, Levi CG. A kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of flm growth by physical vapor deposition on rotating substrates. Mater Sci Eng (submitted)"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB72",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "319",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00470-2",
      "article-title": "Microstructure and texture of EB-PVD TBCs grown under different rotation modes",
      "volume": "A360",
      "author": "Schulz",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Sci. Eng."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB73",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2457",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00030-2",
      "article-title": "Comprehensive microstructural characterization and predictive property modeling of plasma sprayed zirconia coatings",
      "volume": "51",
      "author": "Kulkarni",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB74",
      "series-title": "Science and technology of zirconia V",
      "first-page": "59",
      "article-title": "Phase diagram calculations for ZrO2 based ceramics: thermodynamic regularities in zirconate formation and solubilities of transition metal oxides",
      "author": "Yokokawa",
      "year": "1990"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB75",
      "unstructured": "Leclercq B, M\u00e9vrel R. Thermal conductivity of zirconia-based ceramics for thermal barrier coatings. In: 10th International Ceramics Congress (CIMTEC) July 14\u201319, 2002, Firenze, Italy; 2002. p. 365\u201372"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB76",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "383",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01651-6",
      "article-title": "Methods to reduce the thermal conductivity of EB-PVD TBCs",
      "volume": "151\u2013152",
      "author": "Nicholls",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Coat. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB77",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "457",
      "DOI": "10.1002/9780470294758.ch51",
      "article-title": "Thermal conductivity and sintering behavior of advanced thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "23",
      "author": "Zhu",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB78",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "525",
      "DOI": "10.1002/9780470294802.ch75",
      "article-title": "Defect clustering and nano-phase structure characterization of multi-component rare earth oxide doped zirconia-yttria thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "24",
      "author": "Zhu",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Ceram Eng Sci Proc"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB79",
      "unstructured": "Rigney JD, Darolia R. Yttria-stabilized zirconia with reduced thermal conductivity. US Patent, US 6,586,115 B2; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB80",
      "unstructured": "Maloney MJ. Thermal barrier coating systems and materials. US Patent, 6,117,560; 2000"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB81",
      "unstructured": "Maloney MJ. Thermal barrier coating systems and materials. European Patent Application, EP 0 992 603 A1; 2000"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB82",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2023",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01506.x",
      "article-title": "Zirconates as new materials for thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "83",
      "author": "Vassen",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB83",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3031",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00574.x",
      "article-title": "Low-thermal-conductivity rare-earth zirconates for potential thermal barrier coating applications",
      "volume": "85",
      "author": "Wu",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB84",
      "unstructured": "Maloney MJ. Thermal barrier coating systems and materials. US Patent Application, 20030049470 A1; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB85",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "175",
      "DOI": "10.1361/105996300770349890",
      "article-title": "Thermal conductivity and elastic modulus evolution of thermal barrier coatings under high heat flux conditions",
      "volume": "9",
      "author": "Zhu",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "J. Therm. Spray Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB86",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "67",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0257-8972(02)00593-5",
      "article-title": "Materials selection guidelines for low thermal conductivity thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "163\u2013164",
      "author": "Clarke",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Coat. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB87",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1113",
      "DOI": "10.1088/0370-1298/68/12/303",
      "article-title": "The scattering of low-frequency lattice waves by static imperfections",
      "volume": "A68",
      "author": "Klemens",
      "year": "1955",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Phys. Soc. London"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB88",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "259",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0022-3115(97)00235-3",
      "article-title": "Investigation of the thermal conductivity of selected compounds of gadolinium and lanthanum",
      "volume": "249",
      "author": "Suresh",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "J. Nucl. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB89",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "L9",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0925-8388(97)00629-4",
      "article-title": "Investigation of the thermal conductivity of selected compounds of lanthanum, samarium and europium",
      "volume": "269",
      "author": "Suresh",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "J. Alloys Compd."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB90",
      "unstructured": "Maloney MJ. Thermal barrier coating systems and materials. US Patent, 6,177,200; 2001"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB91",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1338",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03473.x",
      "article-title": "Thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient of the lanthanum rare-earth element zirconate system",
      "volume": "86",
      "author": "Lehmann",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB92",
      "unstructured": "Subramanian R. Thermal barrier coating having high phase stability. US Patent, 6,258,467; 2001"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB93",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3193",
      "DOI": "10.1557/JMR.2002.0462",
      "article-title": "Thermal conductivity of ceramics in the ZrO2\u2013GdO1.5 system",
      "volume": "17",
      "author": "Wu",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "J. Mater. Res."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB94",
      "unstructured": "Fevre M. Etudes microstructurales d'oxydes desordonnes et modelisatioin de leurs proprietes thermiques. Doctoral Disseration in Science. Universite de Parix XI Orsay; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB95",
      "unstructured": "Vassen R, Lehmann H, Dietrich M, Cao X, St\u00f6ver D, Pracht G. Heat-insulating layer based on La2Zr2O7 for high temperatures. International Patent Application, WO 02081768 A2; 2002"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB96",
      "unstructured": "Maloney MJ, Achter HS, Barkalow RH. Development of ceria-base low thermal conductivity thermal barrier coatings. In: Cincinnati OH, Brindley WJ, editors. Proceedings of the 1997 Thermal Barrier Coating Workshop, NASA Lewis Research Center: 1997"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB97",
      "unstructured": "Maloney MJ. Article having a durable ceramic coating. US Patent, 6,187,453; 2001"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB98",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1438",
      "DOI": "10.1002/adma.200304132",
      "article-title": "Lanthanum\u2013cerium oxice as a thermal barrier coating material for high temperature applications",
      "volume": "15",
      "author": "Cao",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Adv. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB99",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "592",
      "DOI": "10.1361/105996301770349105",
      "article-title": "Lanthanum hexaaluminate\u2013\u2013a new material for atmospheric plasma spraying of advanced thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "10",
      "author": "Friedrich",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "J. Therm. Spray Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB100",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "392",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01642-5",
      "article-title": "Lanthanum hexaluminate\u2013\u2013novel thermal barrier coatings for gas turbine applications\u2013\u2013materials and process development",
      "volume": "151",
      "author": "Gadow",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Coat. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB101",
      "unstructured": "Saruhan-Brings B, Schulz U, Kr\u00f6der CJ. Thermal insulating material with an essentially magnetoplumbitic crystal structure. European Patent Application, EP 1256636 A2; 2002"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB102",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1018",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1151-2916.1997.tb02937.x",
      "article-title": "Low thermal conductivity in garnets",
      "volume": "80",
      "author": "Padture",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB103",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "367",
      "DOI": "10.1002/9780470294703.ch44",
      "article-title": "Thermal insulation coatings of LaPO4",
      "volume": "22",
      "author": "Sudre",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB104",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "143",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0921-5093(97)00846-0",
      "article-title": "Thermal conductivity of thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "A245",
      "author": "Klemens",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Sci. Eng."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB105",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "127",
      "DOI": "10.1080/09500830310001646699",
      "article-title": "Optimum pyrochlore compositions for low thermal conductivity",
      "volume": "84",
      "author": "Schelling",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Philos Mag Lett"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB106",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0081-1947(08)60359-8",
      "article-title": "The thermal conductivity of non-metallic crystals",
      "volume": "34",
      "author": "Slack",
      "year": "1979",
      "journal-title": "Solid State Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB107",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "6131",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevB.46.6131",
      "article-title": "Lower limit to the thermal conductivity of disordered crystals",
      "volume": "46",
      "author": "Cahill",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Phys. Rev. B\u2013\u2013Cond. Matter"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB108",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "787",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6454(97)00260-7",
      "article-title": "Metastability and microstructure evolution in the synthesis of inorganics from percursors",
      "volume": "46",
      "author": "Levi",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB109",
      "first-page": "1079",
      "article-title": "Transient phase evolution during oxidation of a two-phase NiCoCrAlY bond coat",
      "volume": "90",
      "author": "Mennicke",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Zeit. Metal."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB110",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "59",
      "DOI": "10.1179/mht.2000.011",
      "article-title": "Microstructural study of the theta-to-alpha transformation in alumina scales formed on nickel-aluminides",
      "volume": "17",
      "author": "Tolpygo",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Mater. High Temp."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB111",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "676",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03357.x",
      "article-title": "Alumina grown during deposition of thermal barrier coatings on NiCrAlY",
      "volume": "86",
      "author": "Levi",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB112",
      "unstructured": "Leckie RMR, Rebollo NR, Yang JY, Levi CG. Microstructure stability issues in emerging TBC materials. In: Kaysser WA, editor. Proceedings of an International Symposium on Thermal Barrier Coatings and Titanium Aluminides for Gas Turbines (TurbOMat), Bonn, Germany, DLR; 2002"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB113",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "27",
      "DOI": "10.3139/146.017909",
      "article-title": "Assessment of the thermodynamic parameters in the system ZrO2\u2013Y2O3\u2013Al2O3",
      "volume": "95",
      "author": "Fabrichnaya",
      "year": "2004",
      "journal-title": "Zeit. Metal."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB114",
      "unstructured": "Dietrich M, Vassen R, Cao X, St\u00f6ver D. Combined heat insulating layer systems. US Patent Application, US 2003/0148148 A1; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB115",
      "unstructured": "Subramanian R. Highly defective oxides as sinter resistant thermal barrier coating. US Patent Application, US 203/0108768; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB116",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "35",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02646310",
      "article-title": "Thermal barrier coatings for aircraft engines: history and directions",
      "volume": "6",
      "author": "Miller",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "J. Therm. Spray Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB117",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "15",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0040-6090(87)90305-1",
      "article-title": "New ZrO2\u2013Yb2O3 plasma-sprayed coatings for thermal barrier applications",
      "volume": "150",
      "author": "Stecura",
      "year": "1987",
      "journal-title": "Thin Solid Films"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB118",
      "series-title": "Ceramic coatings",
      "first-page": "173",
      "article-title": "Yttria stabilized hafnia-zirconia thermal barrier coatings: influence of hafnia addition on TBC structure and high temperature behavior",
      "author": "Ib\u00e9gaz\u00e8ne",
      "year": "1993"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB119",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "533",
      "DOI": "10.1002/9780470294758.ch59",
      "article-title": "Furnace cyclic behavior of plasma-sprayed Zirconia-Yttria and multi-component rare earth oxide doped thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "23",
      "author": "Zhu",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB120",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "689",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1151-2916.1993.tb03661.x",
      "article-title": "Phase equilibria in the system ZrO2\u2013InO1.5",
      "volume": "76",
      "author": "Sasaki",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB121",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1131",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0167-2738(96)00386-4",
      "article-title": "Metastable-stable phase diagrams in the zirconia-containing systems utilized in solid-oxide fuel cell application",
      "volume": "86-88",
      "author": "Yashima",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Solid State Ion."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB122",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "315",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02645287",
      "article-title": "The cubic-tetragonal phase equilibria in the ZrO2\u2013R2O3 (R=Y, Gd, Sm, Nd) systems",
      "volume": "16",
      "author": "Katamura",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "J. Phase Equilibr."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB123",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "449",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1151-2916.1988.tb05893.x",
      "article-title": "Phase equilibrium and martensitic transformation in lanthana-doped zirconia",
      "volume": "71",
      "author": "Bastide",
      "year": "1988",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB124",
      "unstructured": "Jones RL. Scandia, yttria-stabilized zirconia for ultra-high temperature thermal barrier coatings. US Patent, 6,044,830; 2000"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB125",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "163",
      "DOI": "10.3139/146.030163",
      "article-title": "Phase stability of Y+Gd co-doped zirconia",
      "volume": "94",
      "author": "Rebollo",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Zeit. Metal."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB126",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "249",
      "DOI": "10.3184/096034001783640469",
      "article-title": "Failure aspects of thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "18",
      "author": "Singheiser",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Mater. High Temp."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB127",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1479",
      "DOI": "10.1016/j.actamat.2003.11.029",
      "article-title": "A probe for the high temperature deformation of oxides used for thermal barrier systems",
      "volume": "52",
      "author": "Watanabe",
      "year": "2004",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB128",
      "unstructured": "Darolia R. Thermal barrier coating with improved erosion and impact resistance. US Patent, 6,617,049; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB129",
      "unstructured": "Rigney JD, Darolia R. Thermal barrier coating with improved erosion and impact resistance and process therefore. US Patent, US 6,620,525 B1; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB130",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Bruce RW, Schaeffer JC, Rosenzweig MA, Viguie R, Rigney DV, et al. Thermal barrier coating resistant to erosion and impact by particulate matter. US Patent, 5,683,825; 1997",
      "DOI": "10.1007/s11666-997-0008-6"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB131",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "61",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00579-3",
      "article-title": "Graded coatings for thermal, wear and corrosion barriers",
      "volume": "A362",
      "author": "Schulz",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Sci. Eng."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB132",
      "unstructured": "Bruce RW, Burlingame NH. Article protected by thermal barrier coating having a sintering inhibitor, and its fabrication. US Patent Application, US 2003/0077477 A1; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB133",
      "unstructured": "Subramanian R. In situ formation of multiphase electron beam physical vapor deposited barrier coatings for turbine components. US Patent, US 6,296,945 B1; 2001"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB134",
      "unstructured": "Raybould D, Strangman TE, Fischer WE, Chipko PA. Thermal barrier coating with alumina bond inhibitor. US Patent, 6,103,386; 2000"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB135",
      "unstructured": "Hasz WC, Borom MP, Johnson CA. Protection of thermal barrier coating with an impermeable barrier coating. US Patent, 5,871,820; 1999"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB136",
      "unstructured": "Stowell WR, Nagaraj BA, Lee CP, Ackerman JF, Israel RS. Enhanced coating system for turbine airfoil applications. US Patent, US 6,394,755 B1; 2002"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB137",
      "unstructured": "Bruce RW, Rosenzweig MA, Schaeffer JC, Wortman DJ. Method for forming a multilayer thermal barrier coating. US Patent, 6,054,184; 2000"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB138",
      "unstructured": "Mullin RS, Allen WP, Gell ML, Barkalow RH, Noetzel AA, Appleby JW, et al. Multiple nanolayer coating system. US Patent, 5,687,679; 1997"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB139",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "399",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1551-2916.1999.tb20076.x",
      "article-title": "Microstructure, texture, and thermal conductivity of single-layer and multilayer thermal barrier coatings of Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 and Al2O3 made by physical vapor deposition",
      "volume": "82",
      "author": "An",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB140",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "396",
      "DOI": "10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.308-311.396",
      "article-title": "Graded EB-PVD alumina\u2013zirconia thermal barrier coatings\u2013\u2013an experimental approach",
      "volume": "308\u2013311",
      "author": "Krell",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Sci. Forum"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB141",
      "unstructured": "Maloney MJ. Ceramic coatings containing layered porosity. US Patent, 6,057,047; 2000"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB142",
      "unstructured": "Strangman TE. Porous thermal barrier coating. US Patent, 5,512,382; 1996"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB143",
      "unstructured": "Strangman TE, Raybould D. Lower conductivity barrier coating. US Patent, US 6,482,537 B1; 2002"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB144",
      "unstructured": "Stowell WR, Ackerman JF, Skoog AJ, Cook GE, Varney GE. Multilayer dielectric stack coated part for contact with combustion gases. US Patent, 5,851,679; 1998"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB145",
      "unstructured": "Skoog AJ, Murphy JA, Stowell WR. Article with a diffuse reflective barrier coating and a low emissivity coating thereon, and its preparation. US Patent, US 6,210,791 B1; 2001"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB146",
      "unstructured": "Allen WP, Veronesi WA, Hall RJ, Maloney MJ, Appleby JW, Hague DC, et al. Reflective coatings to reduce radiation heat transfer. US Patent, US 6,652,987 B2; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB147",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "333",
      "DOI": "10.1243/0954410011533338",
      "article-title": "Phosphor thermometry in an electron beam physical vapour deposition produced thermal barrier coating doped with dysprosium",
      "volume": "215",
      "author": "Feist",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part G. J. Aerospace Eng."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB148",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "193",
      "DOI": "10.1243/09576500360611227",
      "article-title": "Thermographic phosphor thermometry for film cooling studies in gas turbine combustors",
      "volume": "217",
      "author": "Feist",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part A: J. Power Energy"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB149",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1467",
      "DOI": "10.1007/s11661-001-0235-2",
      "article-title": "The effect of grit blasting on the oxidation behavior of a platinum-modified nickel\u2013aluminide coating",
      "volume": "32A",
      "author": "Tolpygo",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Metall. Mater. Trans. A"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB150",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "124",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01482-7",
      "article-title": "Oxidation-induced failure of EB-PVD thermal barrier coatings",
      "volume": "146\u2013147",
      "author": "Tolpygo",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Surf. Coat. Technol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB151",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "325",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6462(01)01222-2",
      "article-title": "The influence of platinum on the failure of EBPVD YSZ TBCs on NiCoCrAlY bond coats",
      "volume": "46",
      "author": "Yanar",
      "year": "2002",
      "journal-title": "Scri. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB152",
      "first-page": "67",
      "article-title": "Precursor to TBC failure caused by constrained phase transformation in the thermally grown oxide",
      "author": "Clarke",
      "year": "1999"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB153",
      "unstructured": "Schaeffer JC, Connor WB, Field RD. Method for forming a thermal barrier coating. US Patent, 6,123,997; 2000"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB154",
      "unstructured": "Spitsberg IT. Method for improving the TBC life of a single phase platinum aluminide bond coat by preoxidation heat treatment. US Patent Application, US 2003/0203221 A1; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB155",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2205",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00014-4",
      "article-title": "Evolution of a diffusion aluminide bond coat for thermal barrier coatings during thermal cycling",
      "volume": "51",
      "author": "Pan",
      "year": "2003",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB156",
      "unstructured": "Rigney JD, Darolia R, Walston WS, Corderman RR. Nickel aluminide coating and coating systems formed therewith. US Patent, 6,153,313; 2000"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB157",
      "unstructured": "Darolia R. Bond coat for a thermal barrier coating and method thereof. US Patent, US 6,255,001 B1; 2001"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB158",
      "unstructured": "Darolia R, Rigney JD, Grylls RJ. Nickel aluminide alloys with Cr and Zr for adherent coating or interlayer on superalloy turbine parts. US Patent, US 6,291,084 B1; 2001"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB159",
      "unstructured": "Darolia R, Rigney JD, Pfaendtner JA. Nickel aluminide coating and coating systems formed therewith. US Patent Application, US 2003/0118863 A1; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB160",
      "unstructured": "Saint Ramond B, Nicholls JR. Method of making a protective coating forming a thermal barrier with bonding underlayer ona superalloy substrate, and a part obtained thereby. US Patent, US 6,645,351 B2; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB161",
      "unstructured": "Spitsberg IT, Darolia R, Jackson MR, Zhao J-C, Schaeffer JC. Diffusion barrier layer. US Patent, US 6,306,524 B1; 2001"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB162",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "845",
      "DOI": "10.1016/j.scriptamat.2003.12.009",
      "article-title": "Thermal expansion behavior of ruthenium aluminides",
      "volume": "50",
      "author": "Tryon",
      "year": "2004",
      "journal-title": "Scri. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB163",
      "unstructured": "Zhao J-C, Jackson MR, Grylls RJ, Darolia R. Heat-resistant Ru alloy coating for protection of superalloy substrates in high temperature. US Patent Application, US 2003148141 A1; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB164",
      "unstructured": "Zhao J-C, Jackson MR. Diffusion interlayer for barrier coating on superalloy articles. US Patent Application, US 2002197502; 2002"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB165",
      "unstructured": "Zhao J-C, Jackson MR. Gas-turbine parts and similar articles precoated with Pt-group alloys for high temperature service. European Patent, EP 1347079; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB166",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "649",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1151-2916.1990.tb06567.x",
      "article-title": "Chemical potential diagrams for rare earth-transition metal-oxygen xystems: I, Ln\u2013V\u2013O, Ln\u2013Mn\u2013O systems",
      "volume": "73",
      "author": "Yokokawa",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. Ceram. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB167",
      "unstructured": "Murphy KS. Stabilized Zirconia thermal barrier coating with Hafnia. US Patent Application, US 2003/0118873 A1; 2003"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009_BIB168",
      "unstructured": "Rebollo NR, Gandhi AS, Levi CG. Phase stability issues in emerging TBC systems. In: Opila EJ, Hou P, Maruyama T, Pieraggi B, McNallan M, Shifler D, Wuchina E, editors. High Temperature Corrosion and Materials Chemistry IV. Electrochemical Society Proceedings, vol. PV-2003-16;2003. p. 431\u201342"
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1359028604000385?httpAccept=text/xml",
      "content-type": "text/xml",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1359028604000385?httpAccept=text/plain",
      "content-type": "text/plain",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2019,
        2,
        13
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2019-02-13T20:51:54Z",
    "timestamp": 1550091114000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1359028604000385"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2004,
        1
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 168,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "1",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2004,
          1
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "S1359028604000385"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2004.03.009",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "1359-0286"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2004,
        1
      ]
    ]
  }
}