DOI: 10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00620-2. Direct polymerization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random (statistical) copolymers: candidates for new proton exchange membranes

Direct polymerization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random (statistical) copolymers: candidates for new proton exchange membranes

10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00620-2

Crossref journal-article

Elsevier BV

Journal of Membrane Science (78)

Bibliography

Wang, F., Hickner, M., Kim, Y. S., Zawodzinski, T. A., & McGrath, J. E. (2002). Direct polymerization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random (statistical) copolymers: candidates for new proton exchange membranes. Journal of Membrane Science, 197(1â2), 231â242.

Authors 5

Feng Wang (first)
Michael Hickner (additional)
Yu Seung Kim (additional)
Thomas A. Zawodzinski (additional)
James E. McGrath (additional)

References 37 Referenced 1,026

L.M. Robeson, A.G. Farnham, J.E. McGrath, Dynamic mechanical characteristics of polysulfone and other polyarylethers, in: D.J. Meier (Ed.), Molecular Basis for Transitions and Relaxations, Vol. 4, Midland Macromolecular Institute Monographs, 1978, p. 405.
R.J. Cotter, Engineering Plastics: A Handbook of Polyarylethers, Gordon and Breach, London, 1995.
S. Wang, J.E. McGrath, in: T.E. Long, M. Rogers (Eds.), Review on Poly(arylene ether) Synthesis by Step Polymerization, 2001, in press.
10.1021/ma00161a017 / Macromolecules / Molecular basis of the β-transition in poly(arylene ether sulfone)s by Dumais (1986)
10.1002/app.1976.070200717 / J. Appl. Polym. Sci. / Sulfonated polysulfone by Noshay (1976)
{'key': '10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB6', 'first-page': '721', 'article-title': 'Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfones)', 'volume': '22', 'author': 'Johnson', 'year': '1984', 'journal-title': 'J. Polym. Sci.'} / J. Polym. Sci. / Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfones) by Johnson (1984)
M.A. Dinno, Y. Kang, D.R. Lloyd, J.E. McGrath, J.P. Wightman, Characterization of dense sulfonated polysulfone membranes, in: K.L. Mittal (Ed.), Physicochemical Aspects of Polymer Surfaces, Vol. 1, Plenum Press, New York, 1983, p. 347. (10.1007/978-1-4615-7584-9_20)
10.1021/bk-1981-0153.ch022 / ACS Symp. Ser. / Poly(aryl ether) membranes for reverse osmosis by Lloyd (1981)
10.1002/(SICI)1099-0518(19960915)34:12<2421::AID-POLA17>3.0.CO;2-A / J. Polym. Sci. / New sulfonated engineering polymers via the metalation route. 1. Sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) PSU Udel® via metalation–sulfination–oxidation by Kerres (1996)
L.M. Robeson, M. Matzner, Flame retardant polyarylate compositions, US Patent 4,380,598 (1983), to Union Carbide.
{'key': '10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB11', 'first-page': '85', 'article-title': 'Synthesis and characterization of aromatic poly(ether sulfone)s containing pendant sodium sulfonate groups', 'volume': '31', 'author': 'Ueda', 'year': '1993', 'journal-title': 'J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed.'} / J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed. / Synthesis and characterization of aromatic poly(ether sulfone)s containing pendant sodium sulfonate groups by Ueda (1993)
{'issue': '1', 'key': '10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB12', 'first-page': '237', 'article-title': 'Synthesis of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s via direct polymerization', 'volume': '40', 'author': 'Wang', 'year': '2000', 'journal-title': 'Polym. Preprints'} / Polym. Preprints / Synthesis of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s via direct polymerization by Wang (2000)
J.E. McGrath, et al., Sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s as potential PEMs, ACS Symp. Ser. (1999).
F. Wang, M. Hickner, Q. Ji, T.A. Zawodzinski, J.E. McGrath, Synthesis of highly sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random (statistical) copolymers via direct polymerization, Macromol. Symp., 2001, in press. (10.1002/1521-3900(200110)175:1<387::AID-MASY387>3.0.CO;2-1)
{'key': '10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB15', 'first-page': '72', 'article-title': 'The electrochemical engine for vehicles', 'volume': 'July', 'author': 'Appleby', 'year': '1999', 'journal-title': 'Sci. Am.'} / Sci. Am. / The electrochemical engine for vehicles by Appleby (1999)
10.1021/cen-v077n040.p031 / C&E News / Fuel cells heading for sale by Jacoby (1999)
10.1149/1.1393417 / J. Electrochem. Soc. / Conductivity and water uptake of aromatic-based proton exchange membrane electrolyte by Kopitzke (2000)
10.1149/1.2085971 / J. Electrochem. Soc. / Polymer electrolyte fuel cell model by Springer (1991)
{'issue': '1', 'key': '10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB19', 'first-page': '180', 'article-title': 'Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s based on phosphine oxide for fuel cell applications', 'volume': '40', 'author': 'Shobha', 'year': '2000', 'journal-title': 'Polym. Preprints'} / Polym. Preprints / Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s based on phosphine oxide for fuel cell applications by Shobha (2000)
{'issue': '2', 'key': '10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB20', 'first-page': '180', 'article-title': 'Synthesis of sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone)s via direct polymerization', 'volume': '40', 'author': 'Wang', 'year': '2000', 'journal-title': 'Polym. Preprints'} / Polym. Preprints / Synthesis of sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone)s via direct polymerization by Wang (2000)
{'issue': '2', 'key': '10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB21', 'first-page': '1565', 'article-title': 'Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated polyimides', 'volume': '41', 'author': 'Gunduz', 'year': '2000', 'journal-title': 'Polym. Preprints'} / Polym. Preprints / Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated polyimides by Gunduz (2000)
10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00384-0 / Polymer / Soluble sulfonated naphthalenic polyimides as materials for proton exchange membranes by Genies (2001)
10.1016/0032-3861(84)90258-1 / Polymer / Synthesis, kinetic observation, and characterizations of poly(arylene ether sulfone)s prepared by a potassium carbonate DMAC process by Viswanathan (1984)
10.1002/pol.1967.150050916 / J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed. / Poly(aryl ethers) by nucleophilic aromatic substitution. I. Synthesis and properties by Johnson (1967)
10.1002/pola.1986.080240208 / J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed. / Radiation resistant amorphous-all aromatic poly(arylene ether sulfone)s: synthesis, characterization, and mechanical properties by Hedrick (1986)
10.1149/1.2220749 / J. Electrochem. Soc. by Zawodzinski (1993)
10.1002/(SICI)1521-3935(19980701)199:7<1421::AID-MACP1421>3.0.CO;2-P / Macromol. Chem. Phys. / Sodium sulfonate-functionalized poly(ether ether ketone)s by Wang (1998)
10.1016/S0032-3861(98)00292-4 / Polymer / Synthesis of poly(ether ether ketone) with high content of sodium sulfonate groups and its membrane characteristics by Wang (1999)
10.1107/S0108270198016710 / Acta Crystallogr., C: Crystal Struct. Commun. / Disodium 4,4′-difluoro-3,3′-carbonyl-dibenzenesulfonate hydrofluoride tetrahydrate by Wang (1999)
10.1021/ma00053a032 / Macromolecules / Spectroscopic study of zinc neutralized sulfonated polystyrenes and blends with poly[ethyl acrylate-co-(4-vinylpyridine)] by Sakurai (1993)
10.1021/ma961703x / Macromolecules / Ionic naphthalene thermotropic copolyesters: effect of ionic content by Xue (1997)
10.1021/ma960768x / Macromolecules / Synthesis of poly(phenylene sulfide sulfonic acid) via poly(sulfonium cation) as a thermostable proton-conducting polymer by Miyatake (1996)
C. Tran, MS thesis, Quantitative Analysis of Sulfonated Polysulfones, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 1980.
10.1002/polb.1987.090250714 / J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. / Random homogeneous sodium sulfonate polysulfone ionomers: preparation, characterization, and blend studies by O’Gara (1987)
10.1002/pol.1981.180191103 / J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. / The morphology in Nafion perfluorinated membrane products, as determined by wide- and small-angle X-ray studies by Gieke (1981)
10.1016/S0376-7388(00)00345-8 / J. Membr. Sci. / Proton conducting composite membranes from polyether ether ketone and heteropolyacids for fuel cell applications by Zaidi (2000)
{'key': '10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB37', 'first-page': '20', 'article-title': 'A small-angle X-ray-scattering study of sodium sulfonate poly(ether ether ketone)', 'volume': '28', 'author': 'Leung', 'year': '1987', 'journal-title': 'Polym. Commun.'} / Polym. Commun. / A small-angle X-ray-scattering study of sodium sulfonate poly(ether ether ketone) by Leung (1987)

Dates

Type	When
Created	22 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 14, 2002, 4:04 p.m.)
Deposited	6 years, 3 months ago (May 3, 2019, 7:54 p.m.)
Indexed	2 weeks, 1 day ago (Aug. 12, 2025, 6:02 p.m.)
Issued	23 years, 5 months ago (March 1, 2002)
Published	23 years, 5 months ago (March 1, 2002)
Published Print	23 years, 5 months ago (March 1, 2002)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Wang_2002, title={Direct polymerization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random (statistical) copolymers: candidates for new proton exchange membranes}, volume={197}, ISSN={0376-7388}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00620-2}, DOI={10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00620-2}, number={1–2}, journal={Journal of Membrane Science}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Wang, Feng and Hickner, Michael and Kim, Yu Seung and Zawodzinski, Thomas A. and McGrath, James E.}, year={2002}, month=mar, pages={231–242} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        8,
        12
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-08-12T22:02:11Z",
    "timestamp": 1755036131125
  },
  "reference-count": 37,
  "publisher": "Elsevier BV",
  "issue": "1-2",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            2002,
            3,
            1
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "2002-03-01T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": 1014940800000
      },
      "content-version": "tdm",
      "delay-in-days": 0,
      "URL": "https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [],
    "crossmark-restriction": false
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        3
      ]
    ]
  },
  "DOI": "10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00620-2",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        10,
        14
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2002-10-14T20:04:50Z",
    "timestamp": 1034625890000
  },
  "page": "231-242",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 1026,
  "title": "Direct polymerization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random (statistical) copolymers: candidates for new proton exchange membranes",
  "prefix": "10.1016",
  "volume": "197",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Feng",
      "family": "Wang",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Michael",
      "family": "Hickner",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Yu Seung",
      "family": "Kim",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Thomas A.",
      "family": "Zawodzinski",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "James E.",
      "family": "McGrath",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    }
  ],
  "member": "78",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB1",
      "unstructured": "L.M. Robeson, A.G. Farnham, J.E. McGrath, Dynamic mechanical characteristics of polysulfone and other polyarylethers, in: D.J. Meier (Ed.), Molecular Basis for Transitions and Relaxations, Vol. 4, Midland Macromolecular Institute Monographs, 1978, p. 405."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB2",
      "unstructured": "R.J. Cotter, Engineering Plastics: A Handbook of Polyarylethers, Gordon and Breach, London, 1995."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB3",
      "unstructured": "S. Wang, J.E. McGrath, in: T.E. Long, M. Rogers (Eds.), Review on Poly(arylene ether) Synthesis by Step Polymerization, 2001, in press."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB4",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1884",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ma00161a017",
      "article-title": "Molecular basis of the \u03b2-transition in poly(arylene ether sulfone)s",
      "volume": "19",
      "author": "Dumais",
      "year": "1986",
      "journal-title": "Macromolecules"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB5",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1885",
      "DOI": "10.1002/app.1976.070200717",
      "article-title": "Sulfonated polysulfone",
      "volume": "20",
      "author": "Noshay",
      "year": "1976",
      "journal-title": "J. Appl. Polym. Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB6",
      "first-page": "721",
      "article-title": "Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfones)",
      "volume": "22",
      "author": "Johnson",
      "year": "1984",
      "journal-title": "J. Polym. Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB7",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "M.A. Dinno, Y. Kang, D.R. Lloyd, J.E. McGrath, J.P. Wightman, Characterization of dense sulfonated polysulfone membranes, in: K.L. Mittal (Ed.), Physicochemical Aspects of Polymer Surfaces, Vol. 1, Plenum Press, New York, 1983, p. 347.",
      "DOI": "10.1007/978-1-4615-7584-9_20"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "327",
      "DOI": "10.1021/bk-1981-0153.ch022",
      "article-title": "Poly(aryl ether) membranes for reverse osmosis",
      "volume": "152",
      "author": "Lloyd",
      "year": "1981",
      "journal-title": "ACS Symp. Ser."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2421",
      "DOI": "10.1002/(SICI)1099-0518(19960915)34:12<2421::AID-POLA17>3.0.CO;2-A",
      "article-title": "New sulfonated engineering polymers via the metalation route. 1. Sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) PSU Udel\u00ae via metalation\u2013sulfination\u2013oxidation",
      "volume": "34",
      "author": "Kerres",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "J. Polym. Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB10",
      "unstructured": "L.M. Robeson, M. Matzner, Flame retardant polyarylate compositions, US Patent 4,380,598 (1983), to Union Carbide."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB11",
      "first-page": "85",
      "article-title": "Synthesis and characterization of aromatic poly(ether sulfone)s containing pendant sodium sulfonate groups",
      "volume": "31",
      "author": "Ueda",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed."
    },
    {
      "issue": "1",
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB12",
      "first-page": "237",
      "article-title": "Synthesis of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s via direct polymerization",
      "volume": "40",
      "author": "Wang",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Polym. Preprints"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB13",
      "unstructured": "J.E. McGrath, et al., Sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s as potential PEMs, ACS Symp. Ser. (1999)."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "F. Wang, M. Hickner, Q. Ji, T.A. Zawodzinski, J.E. McGrath, Synthesis of highly sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random (statistical) copolymers via direct polymerization, Macromol. Symp., 2001, in press.",
      "DOI": "10.1002/1521-3900(200110)175:1<387::AID-MASY387>3.0.CO;2-1"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB15",
      "first-page": "72",
      "article-title": "The electrochemical engine for vehicles",
      "volume": "July",
      "author": "Appleby",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Sci. Am."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "31",
      "DOI": "10.1021/cen-v077n040.p031",
      "article-title": "Fuel cells heading for sale",
      "volume": "77",
      "author": "Jacoby",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "C&E News"
    },
    {
      "issue": "5",
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB17",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1667",
      "DOI": "10.1149/1.1393417",
      "article-title": "Conductivity and water uptake of aromatic-based proton exchange membrane electrolyte",
      "volume": "147",
      "author": "Kopitzke",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "J. Electrochem. Soc."
    },
    {
      "issue": "8",
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB18",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2334",
      "DOI": "10.1149/1.2085971",
      "article-title": "Polymer electrolyte fuel cell model",
      "volume": "138",
      "author": "Springer",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "J. Electrochem. Soc."
    },
    {
      "issue": "1",
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB19",
      "first-page": "180",
      "article-title": "Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s based on phosphine oxide for fuel cell applications",
      "volume": "40",
      "author": "Shobha",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Polym. Preprints"
    },
    {
      "issue": "2",
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB20",
      "first-page": "180",
      "article-title": "Synthesis of sulfonated poly(phenylene sulfide sulfone)s via direct polymerization",
      "volume": "40",
      "author": "Wang",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Polym. Preprints"
    },
    {
      "issue": "2",
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB21",
      "first-page": "1565",
      "article-title": "Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated polyimides",
      "volume": "41",
      "author": "Gunduz",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Polym. Preprints"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB22",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "359",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00384-0",
      "article-title": "Soluble sulfonated naphthalenic polyimides as materials for proton exchange membranes",
      "volume": "42",
      "author": "Genies",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Polymer"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB23",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1827",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0032-3861(84)90258-1",
      "article-title": "Synthesis, kinetic observation, and characterizations of poly(arylene ether sulfone)s prepared by a potassium carbonate DMAC process",
      "volume": "25",
      "author": "Viswanathan",
      "year": "1984",
      "journal-title": "Polymer"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB24",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2375",
      "DOI": "10.1002/pol.1967.150050916",
      "article-title": "Poly(aryl ethers) by nucleophilic aromatic substitution. I. Synthesis and properties",
      "volume": "5",
      "author": "Johnson",
      "year": "1967",
      "journal-title": "J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "287",
      "DOI": "10.1002/pola.1986.080240208",
      "article-title": "Radiation resistant amorphous-all aromatic poly(arylene ether sulfone)s: synthesis, characterization, and mechanical properties",
      "volume": "23",
      "author": "Hedrick",
      "year": "1986",
      "journal-title": "J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed."
    },
    {
      "issue": "7",
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB26",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1981",
      "DOI": "10.1149/1.2220749",
      "volume": "140",
      "author": "Zawodzinski",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "J. Electrochem. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB27",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1421",
      "DOI": "10.1002/(SICI)1521-3935(19980701)199:7<1421::AID-MACP1421>3.0.CO;2-P",
      "article-title": "Sodium sulfonate-functionalized poly(ether ether ketone)s",
      "volume": "199",
      "author": "Wang",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "Macromol. Chem. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB28",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "795",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0032-3861(98)00292-4",
      "article-title": "Synthesis of poly(ether ether ketone) with high content of sodium sulfonate groups and its membrane characteristics",
      "volume": "40",
      "author": "Wang",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Polymer"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB29",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "871",
      "DOI": "10.1107/S0108270198016710",
      "article-title": "Disodium 4,4\u2032-difluoro-3,3\u2032-carbonyl-dibenzenesulfonate hydrofluoride tetrahydrate",
      "volume": "55",
      "author": "Wang",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Acta Crystallogr., C: Crystal Struct. Commun."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB30",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "208",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ma00053a032",
      "article-title": "Spectroscopic study of zinc neutralized sulfonated polystyrenes and blends with poly[ethyl acrylate-co-(4-vinylpyridine)]",
      "volume": "26",
      "author": "Sakurai",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Macromolecules"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB31",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3803",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ma961703x",
      "article-title": "Ionic naphthalene thermotropic copolyesters: effect of ionic content",
      "volume": "30",
      "author": "Xue",
      "year": "1997",
      "journal-title": "Macromolecules"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB32",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "6969",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ma960768x",
      "article-title": "Synthesis of poly(phenylene sulfide sulfonic acid) via poly(sulfonium cation) as a thermostable proton-conducting polymer",
      "volume": "29",
      "author": "Miyatake",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Macromolecules"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB33",
      "unstructured": "C. Tran, MS thesis, Quantitative Analysis of Sulfonated Polysulfones, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 1980."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB34",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1519",
      "DOI": "10.1002/polb.1987.090250714",
      "article-title": "Random homogeneous sodium sulfonate polysulfone ionomers: preparation, characterization, and blend studies",
      "volume": "25",
      "author": "O\u2019Gara",
      "year": "1987",
      "journal-title": "J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB35",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1687",
      "DOI": "10.1002/pol.1981.180191103",
      "article-title": "The morphology in Nafion perfluorinated membrane products, as determined by wide- and small-angle X-ray studies",
      "volume": "19",
      "author": "Gieke",
      "year": "1981",
      "journal-title": "J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB36",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "17",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0376-7388(00)00345-8",
      "article-title": "Proton conducting composite membranes from polyether ether ketone and heteropolyacids for fuel cell applications",
      "volume": "173",
      "author": "Zaidi",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "J. Membr. Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2_BIB37",
      "first-page": "20",
      "article-title": "A small-angle X-ray-scattering study of sodium sulfonate poly(ether ether ketone)",
      "volume": "28",
      "author": "Leung",
      "year": "1987",
      "journal-title": "Polym. Commun."
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Journal of Membrane Science",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0376738801006202?httpAccept=text/xml",
      "content-type": "text/xml",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0376738801006202?httpAccept=text/plain",
      "content-type": "text/plain",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2019,
        5,
        3
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2019-05-03T23:54:15Z",
    "timestamp": 1556927655000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0376738801006202"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        3
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 37,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "1-2",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2002,
          3
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "S0376738801006202"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00620-2",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0376-7388"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Journal of Membrane Science",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        3
      ]
    ]
  }
}