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Solid State Physics (78)
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Cohen, M. H., & Reif, F. (1957). Quadrupole Effects in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Solids. Solid State Physics, 321–438.

Authors 2
  1. M.H. Cohen (first)
  2. F. Reif (additional)
References 173 Referenced 584
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  15. From a semiclassical point of view, the absence of degeneracy in the nuclear ground state is equivalent to rapid motion of the nuclear charges in times duriig which outside fields can cause any effects. The time average charge distribution which alone is important then satisfies the condition for inversion symmetry. px) = p-x) since the Hamiltonian of the nuclear system has this symmetry.
  16. For a more detailed discussion of these symmetry arguments see N. F. Ramsey “Nuclear Moments,” p. 23. Wiley, New York, 1953; or reference 16.
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  19. For a more detailed discussion see reference 15, pp. 16 and 21. The quantummechanical treatment of the quadrupole Hamiltonian was first given by. H. B. G. Casimir “On the Interaction between Atomic Nuclei and Electrons.”Teyler's Tweede Genootschap E. F. Bohn, Haarlem, 1936.
  20. For details of these proofs see reference 15, p. 24.
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  41. It has been applied to Li7I = 3/2, first order33 and Al27I = 5/2, second order31 in spodumene (LiAl(SiO32), to B11I = 3/2, second order) in kernite (Na2B4O74H2O),41 and to Al27second order) in euclase (HBeAISi0542
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  45. This method has been applied to Be2I = 3/2) in beryl (Be3AlSi6O1527
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  62. Pound has reported that a calculation yielded an expected splitting of less than 1 cps without giving details.8 The field gradient is proportional to the square of the local field ɛ, q = Kɛ2 The local field is of the order of the external field E. We may take the contribution of the 3p shell to the coefficient K of CI− from the work of Foley, Sternheimer, and Tycko. For q in A−3 and E in kv/cm, K for CI is about 0.25 × 10−10. Thus when E ≈ 50 kv/cm, the quadrupole splitting vQ of the Cl37 resonance is ≈ 0.1 cps, an unobservable effect.
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  69. The analysis of the local field gradient given in Section 3 of ref. 64 is incorrect. The quantity calculated there is essentially the difference between local fields in adjacent unit cells divided by the cell separation.
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  114. A spectrometer similar to that of Pound and Watkins, together with accessory nuclear resonance equipment suitable for studies of nuclear electric quadrupole effects, is now available commercially from the Nuclear Magnetics Corporation, Boston, Massachusetts.
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  165. Note added in proof: Watkins has recalculated the increase in the second moment of the central component caused by applied elastic stress (private communication). The broadening comes from the interaction between the elastic strain and the internal strains already present. Watkins now finds that C = 5 × 106 in well annealed KBr and that 1 + γ = 100 for Br in KBr. For KI, the corresponding values are C = 4 × 105 and 1 + γ = 300. The new values are in much better agreement with what might be expected on the basis of present experience.
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  168. The value of ß obtained from experiment is 50 which leads to a value of 1 + δ of about 110. However, a vacancy contributes most strongly to the relaxation rate in the nearest neighbor position. There, the polarization correction (2∈ + 3)/5∈ and the 1/r3 dependence on distance represent rough estimates at best, even in the ideal ionic crystal approximation. Accordingly the foregoing value of 1 + δ should not be given too much credence.
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  171. A calculation of the latter width was carried out using the second order statistical theory of Section 20. The computations involve estimates of 1 + γ and include covalent contributions and strain effects. The result is a calculated intensity change of the order of four times greater than that observed for the concentration. C = 3 × 10−4. While suggestive of association, the result is uncertain because of the crude estimates of the field gradients.
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Dates
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Created 14 years, 8 months ago (Dec. 22, 2010, 2:35 a.m.)
Deposited 6 years, 2 months ago (June 7, 2019, 3:22 a.m.)
Indexed 5 days, 5 hours ago (Aug. 20, 2025, 8:43 a.m.)
Issued 68 years, 7 months ago (Jan. 1, 1957)
Published 68 years, 7 months ago (Jan. 1, 1957)
Published Print 68 years, 7 months ago (Jan. 1, 1957)
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@inbook{Cohen_1957, title={Quadrupole Effects in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Solids}, ISSN={0081-1947}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0081-1947(08)60105-8}, DOI={10.1016/s0081-1947(08)60105-8}, booktitle={Solid State Physics}, publisher={Elsevier}, author={Cohen, M.H. and Reif, F.}, year={1957}, pages={321–438} }