DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5096(01)00103-x. The correlation of the indentation size effect measured with indenters of various shapes

The correlation of the indentation size effect measured with indenters of various shapes

10.1016/s0022-5096(01)00103-x

Crossref journal-article

Elsevier BV

Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids (78)

Bibliography

Swadener, J. G., George, E. P., & Pharr, G. M. (2002). The correlation of the indentation size effect measured with indenters of various shapes. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 50(4), 681â694.

Authors 3

J.G. Swadener (first)
E.P. George (additional)
G.M. Pharr (additional)

References 33 Referenced 683

10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00020-8 / Acta Mater. / Crystallographic aspects of geometrically-necessary and statistically-stored dislocation density by Arsenlis (1999)
10.1080/14786437008238426 / Philos. Mag. / The deformation of plastically non-homogenous materials by Ashby (1970)
10.1557/PROC-308-613 / Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. / The role of indentation depth on the measured hardness of materials by De Guzman (1993)
10.1557/JMR.1993.0297 / J. Mater. Res. / A simple predictive model for spherical indentation by Field (1993)
10.1016/0022-5096(93)90072-N / J. Mech. Phys. Solids / A phenomenological theory for strain gradient effects in plasticity by Fleck (1993)
10.1016/S0065-2156(08)70388-0 / Advances in Applied Mechanics, Vol. 33. / Strain gradient plasticity. by Fleck (1997)
10.1016/0956-7151(94)90502-9 / Acta Metall. Mater. / Strain gradient plasticity: theory and experiment by Fleck (1994)
10.1007/s001140050665 / Naturwissenschaften / Modeling plasticity at the micrometer scale by Gao (1999)
10.1016/S0022-5096(98)00103-3 / J. Mech. Phys. Solids / Mechanism based strain gradient plasticity I. Theory by Gao (1999)
George, E.P., Liu, C.T., 2000. Micro- and macro-alloying of Ir-based alloys. In: Iridium, E.K., Ohriner, R.D., Lanam, P., Panfilov and Harada, H. (Eds.). The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, pp. 3–14.
10.1016/S0022-5096(99)00022-8 / J. Mech. Phys. Solids / Mechanism based strain gradient plasticity II. Analysis by Huang (2000)
10.1016/0022-5096(70)90029-3 / J. Mech. Phys. Solids / The correlation of indentation experiments by Johnson (1970)
10.1080/01418619908212037 / Philos. Mag. A / The effect of the indenter load on the nanohardness of ductile metals: an experimental study on polycrystalline work-hardened and annealed oxygen-free copper by Lim (1999)
10.1557/PROC-522-145 / Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. / Nano and macro indentation studies of polycrystalline copper using spherical indenters by Lim (1998)
10.1007/BF02643480 / Met. Trans. A / Effect of thorium additions on metallurgical and mechanical properties on Ir-0.3 pct W alloys by Liu (1981)
10.1016/S1359-6462(00)00598-4 / Scripta Mater. / Depth dependence of hardness in copper single crystals measured by nanoindentation by Liu (2001)
10.1557/JMR.1995.0853 / J. Mater. Res. / Size dependent hardness in silver single crystals by Ma (1995)
10.1557/JMR.1998.0185 / J. Mater. Res. / Determination of indenter tip geometry and indentation contact area for depth-sensing indentation experiments by McElhaney (1998)
{'key': '10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB19', 'series-title': 'Micro-indentation Hardness Testing.', 'author': 'Mott', 'year': '1956'} / Micro-indentation Hardness Testing. by Mott (1956)
10.1016/S0022-5096(97)00086-0 / J. Mech. Phys. Solids / Indentation size effects in crystalline materials: a law for strain gradient plasticity by Nix (1998)
10.1016/0001-6160(53)90054-6 / Acta Metall. / Some geometric relations in dislocated crystals by Nye (1953)
10.1557/JMR.1992.1564 / J. Mater. Res. / An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation by Oliver (1992)
10.1016/1359-6462(95)00524-2 / Scripta Mater. / Micro-hardness tests on annealed and work-hardened copper polycrystals by Poole (1996)
{'key': '10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB24', 'first-page': '124', 'article-title': 'Die Bestimmung der Mikrohärte von Metallen', 'volume': '33', 'author': 'Schultz', 'year': '1941', 'journal-title': 'Z. Metallkd.'} / Z. Metallkd. / Die Bestimmung der Mikrohärte von Metallen by Schultz (1941)
10.1016/0167-577X(96)00022-5 / Mater. Ltr. / Effect of load and lubrication on low load hardness of a rapidly solidified light alloy by Shaw (1996)
10.1007/BF01045774 / J. Mater. Sci. / A frictional effect in low-load hardness testing of copper and aluminum by Shi (1990)
10.1016/0956-7151(93)90100-7 / Acta Metall. Mater. / Microindentation on W and Mo oriented single crystals: an STM study by Stelmashenko (1993)
10.1016/S1359-6454(98)00153-0 / Acta Mater. / A microbend test method for measuring the plasticity length scale by Stölken (1998)
10.1557/PROC-594-525 / Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. / A methodology for the calibration of spherical indenters by Swadener (2000)
Swadener, J.G., George, E.P., Pharr, G.M., 2001. A spherical indentation method to determine material length scales, submitted for publication.
{'key': '10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB31', 'series-title': 'The Hardness of Metals.', 'author': 'Tabor', 'year': '1951'} / The Hardness of Metals. by Tabor (1951)
{'key': '10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB32', 'first-page': '307', 'article-title': 'Plastic strain in metals', 'volume': '13', 'author': 'Taylor', 'year': '1938', 'journal-title': 'J. Inst. Met.'} / J. Inst. Met. / Plastic strain in metals by Taylor (1938)
{'key': '10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB33', 'first-page': '425', 'article-title': 'Hardening mechanisms and the theory of deformation', 'volume': '16', 'author': 'Wiedersich', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'J. Met.'} / J. Met. / Hardening mechanisms and the theory of deformation by Wiedersich (1964)

Dates

Type	When
Created	22 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 8, 2002, 6:26 p.m.)
Deposited	2 years, 3 months ago (April 24, 2023, 5:15 p.m.)
Indexed	2 days, 6 hours ago (Aug. 21, 2025, 12:58 p.m.)
Issued	23 years, 4 months ago (April 1, 2002)
Published	23 years, 4 months ago (April 1, 2002)
Published Print	23 years, 4 months ago (April 1, 2002)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Swadener_2002, title={The correlation of the indentation size effect measured with indenters of various shapes}, volume={50}, ISSN={0022-5096}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5096(01)00103-x}, DOI={10.1016/s0022-5096(01)00103-x}, number={4}, journal={Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Swadener, J.G. and George, E.P. and Pharr, G.M.}, year={2002}, month=apr, pages={681–694} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        8,
        21
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-08-21T16:58:21Z",
    "timestamp": 1755795501257
  },
  "reference-count": 33,
  "publisher": "Elsevier BV",
  "issue": "4",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            2002,
            4,
            1
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "2002-04-01T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": 1017619200000
      },
      "content-version": "tdm",
      "delay-in-days": 0,
      "URL": "https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [],
    "crossmark-restriction": false
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        4
      ]
    ]
  },
  "DOI": "10.1016/s0022-5096(01)00103-x",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        10,
        8
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2002-10-08T22:26:16Z",
    "timestamp": 1034115976000
  },
  "page": "681-694",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 683,
  "title": "The correlation of the indentation size effect measured with indenters of various shapes",
  "prefix": "10.1016",
  "volume": "50",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "J.G.",
      "family": "Swadener",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "E.P.",
      "family": "George",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "G.M.",
      "family": "Pharr",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    }
  ],
  "member": "78",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1597",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00020-8",
      "article-title": "Crystallographic aspects of geometrically-necessary and statistically-stored dislocation density",
      "volume": "47",
      "author": "Arsenlis",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "399",
      "DOI": "10.1080/14786437008238426",
      "article-title": "The deformation of plastically non-homogenous materials",
      "volume": "21",
      "author": "Ashby",
      "year": "1970",
      "journal-title": "Philos. Mag."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB3",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "613",
      "DOI": "10.1557/PROC-308-613",
      "article-title": "The role of indentation depth on the measured hardness of materials",
      "volume": "308",
      "author": "De Guzman",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB4",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "297",
      "DOI": "10.1557/JMR.1993.0297",
      "article-title": "A simple predictive model for spherical indentation",
      "volume": "8",
      "author": "Field",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "J. Mater. Res."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB5",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1825",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0022-5096(93)90072-N",
      "article-title": "A phenomenological theory for strain gradient effects in plasticity",
      "volume": "41",
      "author": "Fleck",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "J. Mech. Phys. Solids"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB6",
      "series-title": "Advances in Applied Mechanics, Vol. 33.",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "295",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0065-2156(08)70388-0",
      "article-title": "Strain gradient plasticity.",
      "author": "Fleck",
      "year": "1997"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB7",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "475",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0956-7151(94)90502-9",
      "article-title": "Strain gradient plasticity: theory and experiment",
      "volume": "42",
      "author": "Fleck",
      "year": "1994",
      "journal-title": "Acta Metall. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "507",
      "DOI": "10.1007/s001140050665",
      "article-title": "Modeling plasticity at the micrometer scale",
      "volume": "86",
      "author": "Gao",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Naturwissenschaften"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1239",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0022-5096(98)00103-3",
      "article-title": "Mechanism based strain gradient plasticity I. Theory",
      "volume": "47",
      "author": "Gao",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "J. Mech. Phys. Solids"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB10",
      "unstructured": "George, E.P., Liu, C.T., 2000. Micro- and macro-alloying of Ir-based alloys. In: Iridium, E.K., Ohriner, R.D., Lanam, P., Panfilov and Harada, H. (Eds.). The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, pp. 3\u201314."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB11",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "99",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0022-5096(99)00022-8",
      "article-title": "Mechanism based strain gradient plasticity II. Analysis",
      "volume": "48",
      "author": "Huang",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "J. Mech. Phys. Solids"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB12",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "115",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0022-5096(70)90029-3",
      "article-title": "The correlation of indentation experiments",
      "volume": "18",
      "author": "Johnson",
      "year": "1970",
      "journal-title": "J. Mech. Phys. Solids"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2879",
      "DOI": "10.1080/01418619908212037",
      "article-title": "The effect of the indenter load on the nanohardness of ductile metals: an experimental study on polycrystalline work-hardened and annealed oxygen-free copper",
      "volume": "79",
      "author": "Lim",
      "year": "1999",
      "journal-title": "Philos. Mag. A"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "145",
      "DOI": "10.1557/PROC-522-145",
      "article-title": "Nano and macro indentation studies of polycrystalline copper using spherical indenters",
      "volume": "522",
      "author": "Lim",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB15",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "993",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02643480",
      "article-title": "Effect of thorium additions on metallurgical and mechanical properties on Ir-0.3 pct W alloys",
      "volume": "12A",
      "author": "Liu",
      "year": "1981",
      "journal-title": "Met. Trans. A"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "237",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6462(00)00598-4",
      "article-title": "Depth dependence of hardness in copper single crystals measured by nanoindentation",
      "volume": "44",
      "author": "Liu",
      "year": "2001",
      "journal-title": "Scripta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB17",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "853",
      "DOI": "10.1557/JMR.1995.0853",
      "article-title": "Size dependent hardness in silver single crystals",
      "volume": "10",
      "author": "Ma",
      "year": "1995",
      "journal-title": "J. Mater. Res."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB18",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1300",
      "DOI": "10.1557/JMR.1998.0185",
      "article-title": "Determination of indenter tip geometry and indentation contact area for depth-sensing indentation experiments",
      "volume": "13",
      "author": "McElhaney",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "J. Mater. Res."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB19",
      "series-title": "Micro-indentation Hardness Testing.",
      "author": "Mott",
      "year": "1956"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB20",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "411",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0022-5096(97)00086-0",
      "article-title": "Indentation size effects in crystalline materials: a law for strain gradient plasticity",
      "volume": "46",
      "author": "Nix",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "J. Mech. Phys. Solids"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB21",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "153",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0001-6160(53)90054-6",
      "article-title": "Some geometric relations in dislocated crystals",
      "volume": "1",
      "author": "Nye",
      "year": "1953",
      "journal-title": "Acta Metall."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB22",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1564",
      "DOI": "10.1557/JMR.1992.1564",
      "article-title": "An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation",
      "volume": "7",
      "author": "Oliver",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. Mater. Res."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB23",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "559",
      "DOI": "10.1016/1359-6462(95)00524-2",
      "article-title": "Micro-hardness tests on annealed and work-hardened copper polycrystals",
      "volume": "34",
      "author": "Poole",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Scripta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB24",
      "first-page": "124",
      "article-title": "Die Bestimmung der Mikroh\u00e4rte von Metallen",
      "volume": "33",
      "author": "Schultz",
      "year": "1941",
      "journal-title": "Z. Metallkd."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "33",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0167-577X(96)00022-5",
      "article-title": "Effect of load and lubrication on low load hardness of a rapidly solidified light alloy",
      "volume": "28",
      "author": "Shaw",
      "year": "1996",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Ltr."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB26",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2111",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF01045774",
      "article-title": "A frictional effect in low-load hardness testing of copper and aluminum",
      "volume": "25",
      "author": "Shi",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "J. Mater. Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB27",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2855",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0956-7151(93)90100-7",
      "article-title": "Microindentation on W and Mo oriented single crystals: an STM study",
      "volume": "41",
      "author": "Stelmashenko",
      "year": "1993",
      "journal-title": "Acta Metall. Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB28",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "5109",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S1359-6454(98)00153-0",
      "article-title": "A microbend test method for measuring the plasticity length scale",
      "volume": "46",
      "author": "St\u00f6lken",
      "year": "1998",
      "journal-title": "Acta Mater."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB29",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "525",
      "DOI": "10.1557/PROC-594-525",
      "article-title": "A methodology for the calibration of spherical indenters",
      "volume": "594",
      "author": "Swadener",
      "year": "2000",
      "journal-title": "Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB30",
      "unstructured": "Swadener, J.G., George, E.P., Pharr, G.M., 2001. A spherical indentation method to determine material length scales, submitted for publication."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB31",
      "series-title": "The Hardness of Metals.",
      "author": "Tabor",
      "year": "1951"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB32",
      "first-page": "307",
      "article-title": "Plastic strain in metals",
      "volume": "13",
      "author": "Taylor",
      "year": "1938",
      "journal-title": "J. Inst. Met."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X_BIB33",
      "first-page": "425",
      "article-title": "Hardening mechanisms and the theory of deformation",
      "volume": "16",
      "author": "Wiedersich",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "J. Met."
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S002250960100103X?httpAccept=text/xml",
      "content-type": "text/xml",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S002250960100103X?httpAccept=text/plain",
      "content-type": "text/plain",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2023,
        4,
        24
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2023-04-24T21:15:49Z",
    "timestamp": 1682370949000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S002250960100103X"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        4
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 33,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "4",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2002,
          4
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "S002250960100103X"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00103-X",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0022-5096"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        4
      ]
    ]
  }
}