DOI: 10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8. Isolation and structures of microcystins from a cyanobacterial water bloom (Finland)

Isolation and structures of microcystins from a cyanobacterial water bloom (Finland)

10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8

Crossref journal-article

Elsevier BV

Toxicon (78)

Bibliography

Namikoshi, M., Sivonen, K., Evans, W. R., Sun, F., Carmichael, W. W., & Rinehart, K. L. (1992). Isolation and structures of microcystins from a cyanobacterial water bloom (Finland). Toxicon, 30(11), 1473â1479.

Authors 6

Michio Namikoshi (first)
Kaarina Sivonen (additional)
William R. Evans (additional)
Furong Sun (additional)
Wayne W. Carmichael (additional)
Kenneth L. Rinehart (additional)

References 30 Referenced 36

10.1039/p19840002311 / J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. / The structure of cyanoginosin-LA, a cyclic heptapeptide toxin from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa by Botes (1984)
10.1039/p19850002747 / J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. / Structural studies on cyanoginosins-LR, -YR,-YA, and -YM, peptide toxins from Microcystis aeruginosa by Botes (1985)
{'key': '10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB3', 'series-title': 'Handbook of Natural Toxins. Vol. 3, Marine Toxins and Venoms', 'first-page': '121', 'article-title': 'Toxins of freshwater algae', 'author': 'Carmichael', 'year': '1988'} / Handbook of Natural Toxins. Vol. 3, Marine Toxins and Venoms / Toxins of freshwater algae by Carmichael (1988)
10.1111/j.1365-2672.1992.tb01858.x / J. appl. Bact. / Cyanobacteria secondary metabolites—the cyanotoxins by Carmichael (1992)
10.1016/0041-0101(88)90195-X / Toxicon / Naming of cyclic heptapeptide toxins of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) by Carmichael (1988)
10.1016/S0723-2020(11)80184-0 / System. appl. Microbiol. / Two closely related peptide toxins in axenically grown Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806 by Dierstein (1990)
10.1016/S0006-291X(05)80936-2 / Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. / Hepatocyte deformation induced by cyanobacterial toxins reflects inhibition of protein phosphatases by Eriksson (1990)
10.1093/chromsci/15.5.174 / J. Chromat. Sci. / Rapid gas chromatographic separation of amino acid enantiomers with a novel chiral stationary phase by Frank (1977)
10.1021/tx00023a008 / Chem. Res. Toxicol. / Microcystins from Anabaena flos-aquae NRC 525-17 by Harada (1991)
10.1016/0041-0101(91)90022-J / Toxicon / Isolation of the toxic heptapeptide microcystins from an axenic strain of Microcystis aeruginosa K-139 by Harada (1991)
10.1002/tox.2540030516 / Toxicity Assessment / Removal of cyanobacterial toxins in water treatment processes: laboratory and pilot-scale experiments by Keijola (1988)
10.1016/0041-0101(92)90054-9 / Toxicon / Structure determination and toxicity of a new microcystin from Microcystis aeruginosa strain 205 by Kiviranta (1992)
10.1073/pnas.86.3.770 / Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. / Structural characterization of toxic cyclic peptides from blue-green algae by tandem mass spectrometry by Krishnamurthy (1989)
10.1016/0014-5793(90)80245-E / FEBS Lett. / Cyanobacterial microcystin-LR is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A from both mammals and higher plants by MacKintosh (1990)
10.1016/0006-291X(90)91226-I / Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. / In vitro and in vivo effects of protein phosphatase inhibitors, microcystin and nodularin, on mouse skin and fibroblasts by Matsushima (1990)
10.1016/0041-0101(89)90153-0 / Toxicon / Structure and toxicity of a peptide hepatotoxin from the cyanobacterium Oscillatoria agardhii by Meriluoto (1989)
10.1016/0006-291X(73)90535-4 / Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. / Studies towards the complete sequence determination of proteins by mass spectrometry: derivatization of methionine, cysteine and arginine containing peptides by Morris (1973)
10.1021/jo00312a019 / J. Org. Chem. / Structures of three new cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxins produced by the cyanobacterium (blue-green alga) Nostoc sp. strain 152 by Namikoshi (1990)
10.1021/jo00029a016 / J. Org. Chem. / Identification of 12 hepatotoxins from a Homer Lake bloom of the cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa, Microcystis viridis, and Microcystis wesenbergii; nine new microcystins by Namikoshi (1992)
10.1021/tx00029a011 / Chem. Res. Toxicol. / Structures of three new homotyrosine containing microcystins and a new homophenylalanine variant from Anabaena sp. strain 66 by Namikoshi (1992)
10.1007/BF01629424 / J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. / Liver tumor promotion by the cyanobacterial cyclic peptide toxin microcystin-LR by Nishiwaki-Matsushima (1992)
10.1021/ja00233a049 / J. Am. chem. Soc. / Nodularin, microcystin, and the configuration of Adda by Rinehart (1988)
10.1128/AEM.55.8.1990-1995.1989 / Appl. Environ. Microbiol. / Occurrence of the hepatotoxic cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena in the Baltic Sea and the structure of the toxin by Sivonen (1989)
10.1007/BF00008195 / Hydrobiologia / Toxic cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) in Finnish fresh and coastal waters by Sivonen (1990)
10.1128/AEM.56.9.2650-2657.1990 / Appl. Environ. Microbiol. / Isolation and characterization of hepatotoxic microcystin homologs from the filamentous freshwater cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. strain 152 by Sivonen (1990)
10.1021/tx00028a003 / Chem. Res. Toxicol. / Three new microcystins, cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxins, from Nostoc. sp. strain 152 by Sivonen (1992)
10.1128/AEM.58.8.2495-2500.1992 / Appl. Environ. Microbiol. / Isolation and characterization of a variety of microcystins from seven strains of the cyanobacterial genus Anabaena by Sivonen (1992)
10.1016/0041-0101(92)90522-7 / Toxicon / Two methyl ester derivatives of microcystins, cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxins, isolated from Anabaena flos-aquae strain CYA 83/1 by Sivonen (1992)
10.1016/0041-0101(92)90524-9 / Toxicon / Isolation and structure of five microcystins from a Russian Microcystis aeruginosa strain CALU 972 by Sivonen (1992)
10.1016/0006-291X(84)91560-2 / Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. / Structures of two cockroach neuropeptides assigned by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry by Witten (1984)

Dates

Type	When
Created	22 years, 8 months ago (Dec. 14, 2002, 3:56 p.m.)
Deposited	5 years, 5 months ago (March 11, 2020, 1:12 p.m.)
Indexed	2 months ago (June 30, 2025, 9:06 a.m.)
Issued	32 years, 10 months ago (Nov. 1, 1992)
Published	32 years, 10 months ago (Nov. 1, 1992)
Published Print	32 years, 10 months ago (Nov. 1, 1992)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Namikoshi_1992, title={Isolation and structures of microcystins from a cyanobacterial water bloom (Finland)}, volume={30}, ISSN={0041-0101}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8}, DOI={10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8}, number={11}, journal={Toxicon}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Namikoshi, Michio and Sivonen, Kaarina and Evans, William R. and Sun, Furong and Carmichael, Wayne W. and Rinehart, Kenneth L.}, year={1992}, month=nov, pages={1473–1479} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        6,
        30
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-06-30T13:06:22Z",
    "timestamp": 1751288782553
  },
  "reference-count": 30,
  "publisher": "Elsevier BV",
  "issue": "11",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            1992,
            11,
            1
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "1992-11-01T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": 720576000000
      },
      "content-version": "tdm",
      "delay-in-days": 0,
      "URL": "https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [],
    "crossmark-restriction": false
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1992,
        11
      ]
    ]
  },
  "DOI": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2002,
        12,
        14
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2002-12-14T20:56:09Z",
    "timestamp": 1039899369000
  },
  "page": "1473-1479",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 36,
  "title": "Isolation and structures of microcystins from a cyanobacterial water bloom (Finland)",
  "prefix": "10.1016",
  "volume": "30",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Michio",
      "family": "Namikoshi",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Kaarina",
      "family": "Sivonen",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "William R.",
      "family": "Evans",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Furong",
      "family": "Sun",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Wayne W.",
      "family": "Carmichael",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Kenneth L.",
      "family": "Rinehart",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    }
  ],
  "member": "78",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2311",
      "DOI": "10.1039/p19840002311",
      "article-title": "The structure of cyanoginosin-LA, a cyclic heptapeptide toxin from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa",
      "volume": "I",
      "author": "Botes",
      "year": "1984",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB2",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2747",
      "DOI": "10.1039/p19850002747",
      "article-title": "Structural studies on cyanoginosins-LR, -YR,-YA, and -YM, peptide toxins from Microcystis aeruginosa",
      "volume": "I",
      "author": "Botes",
      "year": "1985",
      "journal-title": "J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB3",
      "series-title": "Handbook of Natural Toxins. Vol. 3, Marine Toxins and Venoms",
      "first-page": "121",
      "article-title": "Toxins of freshwater algae",
      "author": "Carmichael",
      "year": "1988"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB4",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "445",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.1365-2672.1992.tb01858.x",
      "article-title": "Cyanobacteria secondary metabolites\u2014the cyanotoxins",
      "volume": "72",
      "author": "Carmichael",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. appl. Bact."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB5",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "971",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0041-0101(88)90195-X",
      "article-title": "Naming of cyclic heptapeptide toxins of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)",
      "volume": "26",
      "author": "Carmichael",
      "year": "1988",
      "journal-title": "Toxicon"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB6",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "86",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0723-2020(11)80184-0",
      "article-title": "Two closely related peptide toxins in axenically grown Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806",
      "volume": "13",
      "author": "Dierstein",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "System. appl. Microbiol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB7",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1347",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0006-291X(05)80936-2",
      "article-title": "Hepatocyte deformation induced by cyanobacterial toxins reflects inhibition of protein phosphatases",
      "volume": "173",
      "author": "Eriksson",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "174",
      "DOI": "10.1093/chromsci/15.5.174",
      "article-title": "Rapid gas chromatographic separation of amino acid enantiomers with a novel chiral stationary phase",
      "volume": "15",
      "author": "Frank",
      "year": "1977",
      "journal-title": "J. Chromat. Sci."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "534",
      "DOI": "10.1021/tx00023a008",
      "article-title": "Microcystins from Anabaena flos-aquae NRC 525-17",
      "volume": "4",
      "author": "Harada",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "Chem. Res. Toxicol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB10",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "479",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0041-0101(91)90022-J",
      "article-title": "Isolation of the toxic heptapeptide microcystins from an axenic strain of Microcystis aeruginosa K-139",
      "volume": "29",
      "author": "Harada",
      "year": "1991",
      "journal-title": "Toxicon"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB11",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "643",
      "DOI": "10.1002/tox.2540030516",
      "article-title": "Removal of cyanobacterial toxins in water treatment processes: laboratory and pilot-scale experiments",
      "volume": "3",
      "author": "Keijola",
      "year": "1988",
      "journal-title": "Toxicity Assessment"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB12",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1093",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90054-9",
      "article-title": "Structure determination and toxicity of a new microcystin from Microcystis aeruginosa strain 205",
      "volume": "30",
      "author": "Kiviranta",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Toxicon"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "770",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.86.3.770",
      "article-title": "Structural characterization of toxic cyclic peptides from blue-green algae by tandem mass spectrometry",
      "volume": "86",
      "author": "Krishnamurthy",
      "year": "1989",
      "journal-title": "Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "187",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0014-5793(90)80245-E",
      "article-title": "Cyanobacterial microcystin-LR is a potent and specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A from both mammals and higher plants",
      "volume": "264",
      "author": "MacKintosh",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "FEBS Lett."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB15",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "867",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0006-291X(90)91226-I",
      "article-title": "In vitro and in vivo effects of protein phosphatase inhibitors, microcystin and nodularin, on mouse skin and fibroblasts",
      "volume": "171",
      "author": "Matsushima",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1021",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0041-0101(89)90153-0",
      "article-title": "Structure and toxicity of a peptide hepatotoxin from the cyanobacterium Oscillatoria agardhii",
      "volume": "27",
      "author": "Meriluoto",
      "year": "1989",
      "journal-title": "Toxicon"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB17",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "247",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0006-291X(73)90535-4",
      "article-title": "Studies towards the complete sequence determination of proteins by mass spectrometry: derivatization of methionine, cysteine and arginine containing peptides",
      "volume": "51",
      "author": "Morris",
      "year": "1973",
      "journal-title": "Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB18",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "6135",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jo00312a019",
      "article-title": "Structures of three new cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxins produced by the cyanobacterium (blue-green alga) Nostoc sp. strain 152",
      "volume": "55",
      "author": "Namikoshi",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "J. Org. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB19",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "866",
      "DOI": "10.1021/jo00029a016",
      "article-title": "Identification of 12 hepatotoxins from a Homer Lake bloom of the cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa, Microcystis viridis, and Microcystis wesenbergii; nine new microcystins",
      "volume": "57",
      "author": "Namikoshi",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. Org. Chem."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB20",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "DOI": "10.1021/tx00029a011",
      "article-title": "Structures of three new homotyrosine containing microcystins and a new homophenylalanine variant from Anabaena sp. strain 66",
      "author": "Namikoshi",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Chem. Res. Toxicol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB21",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "420",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF01629424",
      "article-title": "Liver tumor promotion by the cyanobacterial cyclic peptide toxin microcystin-LR",
      "volume": "118",
      "author": "Nishiwaki-Matsushima",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB22",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "8557",
      "DOI": "10.1021/ja00233a049",
      "article-title": "Nodularin, microcystin, and the configuration of Adda",
      "volume": "110",
      "author": "Rinehart",
      "year": "1988",
      "journal-title": "J. Am. chem. Soc."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB23",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1990",
      "DOI": "10.1128/AEM.55.8.1990-1995.1989",
      "article-title": "Occurrence of the hepatotoxic cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena in the Baltic Sea and the structure of the toxin",
      "volume": "55",
      "author": "Sivonen",
      "year": "1989",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Environ. Microbiol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB24",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "267",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF00008195",
      "article-title": "Toxic cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) in Finnish fresh and coastal waters",
      "volume": "190",
      "author": "Sivonen",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "Hydrobiologia"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2650",
      "DOI": "10.1128/AEM.56.9.2650-2657.1990",
      "article-title": "Isolation and characterization of hepatotoxic microcystin homologs from the filamentous freshwater cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. strain 152",
      "volume": "56",
      "author": "Sivonen",
      "year": "1990",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Environ. Microbiol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB26",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "464",
      "DOI": "10.1021/tx00028a003",
      "article-title": "Three new microcystins, cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxins, from Nostoc. sp. strain 152",
      "volume": "5",
      "author": "Sivonen",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Chem. Res. Toxicol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB27",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2495",
      "DOI": "10.1128/AEM.58.8.2495-2500.1992",
      "article-title": "Isolation and characterization of a variety of microcystins from seven strains of the cyanobacterial genus Anabaena",
      "volume": "58",
      "author": "Sivonen",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Appl. Environ. Microbiol."
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB28",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1465",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90522-7",
      "article-title": "Two methyl ester derivatives of microcystins, cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxins, isolated from Anabaena flos-aquae strain CYA 83/1",
      "volume": "30",
      "author": "Sivonen",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Toxicon"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB29",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1481",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90524-9",
      "article-title": "Isolation and structure of five microcystins from a Russian Microcystis aeruginosa strain CALU 972",
      "volume": "30",
      "author": "Sivonen",
      "year": "1992",
      "journal-title": "Toxicon"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8_BIB30",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "350",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0006-291X(84)91560-2",
      "article-title": "Structures of two cockroach neuropeptides assigned by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry",
      "volume": "124",
      "author": "Witten",
      "year": "1984",
      "journal-title": "Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Toxicon",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:0041010192905238?httpAccept=text/xml",
      "content-type": "text/xml",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:0041010192905238?httpAccept=text/plain",
      "content-type": "text/plain",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2020,
        3,
        11
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2020-03-11T17:12:22Z",
    "timestamp": 1583946742000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0041010192905238"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1992,
        11
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 30,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "11",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1992,
          11
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "0041010192905238"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(92)90523-8",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0041-0101"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Toxicon",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1992,
        11
      ]
    ]
  }
}