DOI: 10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4. Metric structures in ordinal data

Metric structures in ordinal data

10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4

Crossref journal-article

Elsevier BV

Journal of Mathematical Psychology (78)

Bibliography

Shepard, R. N. (1966). Metric structures in ordinal data. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 3(2), 287â315.

Authors 1

Roger N. Shepard (first)

References 59 Referenced 266

{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB1', 'first-page': '406', 'article-title': 'Efficient conversion of nonmetric information into metric information', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'Abelson', 'year': '1959', 'journal-title': 'American Psychologist'} / American Psychologist / Efficient conversion of nonmetric information into metric information by Abelson (1959)
{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB2', 'series-title': 'Proceedings American Statistical Association Meetings', 'first-page': '226', 'article-title': 'Efficient conversion of nonmetric information into metric information', 'author': 'Abelson', 'year': '1959'} / Proceedings American Statistical Association Meetings / Efficient conversion of nonmetric information into metric information by Abelson (1959)
10.1214/aoms/1177703869 / Annals Mathematical Statistics / Efficient utilization of nonnumerical information in quantitative analysis: General theory and the case of simple order by Abelson (1963)
10.1002/nav.3800050204 / Naval Research Logistics Quarterly / The coefficients in an allocation problem by Aumann (1958)
10.1007/BF02296304 / Psychometrika / Determination of the number of independent parameters of a score matrix from the examination of rank orders by Bennett (1956)
10.1007/BF02288932 / Psychometrika / Multidimensional unfolding: Determining the dimensionality of ranked preference data by Bennett (1960)
{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB7_1', 'article-title': 'Analyse factorielle des proximités', 'volume': '13', 'author': 'Benzécri', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': "Publications de l'Institute de Statistique de l'Université de Paris, I"} / Publications de l'Institute de Statistique de l'Université de Paris, I / Analyse factorielle des proximités by Benzécri (1964)
{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB7_2', 'article-title': 'Analyse factorielle des proximités', 'volume': '14', 'author': 'Benzécri', 'year': '1965', 'journal-title': "Publications de l'Institute de Statistique de l'Université de Paris, II"} / Publications de l'Institute de Statistique de l'Université de Paris, II / Analyse factorielle des proximités by Benzécri (1965)
{'year': '1941', 'series-title': 'A survey of modern algebra', 'author': 'Birkhoff', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB8'} / A survey of modern algebra by Birkhoff (1941)
10.2307/2334029 / Biometrika / Rank analysis of incomplete block designs. I. The method of paired comparisons by Bradley (1952)
{'volume': 'Vol. 1', 'year': '1920', 'author': 'Campbell', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB10'} by Campbell (1920)
{'year': '1928', 'series-title': 'An account of the principles of measurement and calculation', 'author': 'Campbell', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB11'} / An account of the principles of measurement and calculation by Campbell (1928)
{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB12', 'first-page': '540', 'article-title': 'A general index of nonlinear correlation and its application to the interpretation of multidimensional scaling solutions', 'volume': '19', 'author': 'Carroll', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'American Psychologist'} / American Psychologist / A general index of nonlinear correlation and its application to the interpretation of multidimensional scaling solutions by Carroll (1964)
{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB13', 'series-title': 'Paper presented at the joint meeting of the Psychometric and Psychonomic Societies in Niagara Falls', 'article-title': 'Non-parametric multidimensional analysis of paired-comparisons data', 'author': 'Carroll', 'year': '1964'} / Paper presented at the joint meeting of the Psychometric and Psychonomic Societies in Niagara Falls / Non-parametric multidimensional analysis of paired-comparisons data by Carroll (1964)
10.1037/h0060984 / Psychological Review / Psychological scaling without a unit of measurement by Coombs (1950)
{'year': '1964', 'series-title': 'A theory of data', 'author': 'Coombs', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB15'} / A theory of data by Coombs (1964)
10.1007/BF02289726 / Psychometrika / On a connection between factor analysis and multidimensional unfolding by Coombs (1960)
{'year': '1961', 'series-title': 'Introduction to geometry', 'author': 'Coxeter', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB17'} / Introduction to geometry by Coxeter (1961)
10.1080/00223980.1954.9712953 / Journal of Psychology / Dimensions of color vision by Ekman (1954)
10.1007/BF02289827 / Psychometrika / A method for ordered metric scaling by comparison of intervals by Fagot (1959)
{'year': '1957', 'series-title': 'Numerical analysis methods of scaling', 'author': 'Goode', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB20'} / Numerical analysis methods of scaling by Goode (1957)
{'year': '1962', 'series-title': 'Interval scale representation of ordered metric scales', 'author': 'Goode', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB21'} / Interval scale representation of ordered metric scales by Goode (1962)
{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB22', 'first-page': '579', 'article-title': 'An algorithm for the additive conjoint measurement of finite data matrices', 'volume': '19', 'author': 'Goode', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'American Psychologist'} / American Psychologist / An algorithm for the additive conjoint measurement of finite data matrices by Goode (1964)
{'year': '1954', 'series-title': 'Psychometric methods', 'author': 'Guilford', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB23'} / Psychometric methods by Guilford (1954)
10.2307/2086306 / American Sociological Review / A basis for scaling qualitative data by Guttman (1944)
10.1214/aoms/1177729805 / Annals Mathematical Statistics / The distribution of distance in a hypersphere by Hammersley (1950)
{'year': '1960', 'series-title': 'Modern factor analysis', 'author': 'Harman', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB26'} / Modern factor analysis by Harman (1960)
10.1037/h0044796 / Journal of Experimental Psychology / Multidimensional mapping of Munsell colors varying in hue, chroma, and value by Indow (1960)
{'year': '1939', 'series-title': 'Elementary mathematics from the advanced standpoint: Geometry', 'author': 'Klein', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB28'} / Elementary mathematics from the advanced standpoint: Geometry by Klein (1939)
10.1177/001872086300500207 / Human Factors / Preference scaling via a modification of Shepard's proximity analysis method by Klemmer (1963)
10.1007/BF02289565 / Psychometrika / Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a non-metric hypothesis by Kruskal (1964)
10.1007/BF02289694 / Psychometrika / Non-metric multidimensional scaling: A numerical method by Kruskal (1964)
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1965.tb01492.x / Journal of the Royal Statistical Society (Series B) / Analysis of factorial experiments by estimating monotone transformations by Kruskal (1965)
{'year': '1959', 'series-title': 'Individual choice behavior', 'author': 'Luce', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB33'} / Individual choice behavior by Luce (1959)
10.1016/0022-2496(64)90015-X / Journal of Mathematical Psychology / Simultaneous conjoint measurement: A new type of fundamental measurement by Luce (1964)
{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB35', 'first-page': '579', 'article-title': 'An analytical approach to the interpretation of multidimensional scaling solutions', 'author': 'Miller', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'American Psychologist'} / American Psychologist / An analytical approach to the interpretation of multidimensional scaling solutions by Miller (1964)
{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB36', 'series-title': 'Second congress on the information system sciences', 'article-title': 'Experiments on systems', 'author': 'Morey', 'year': '1965'} / Second congress on the information system sciences / Experiments on systems by Morey (1965)
{'year': '1934', 'series-title': 'Tables of the incomplete beta-function', 'author': 'Pearson', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB37'} / Tables of the incomplete beta-function by Pearson (1934)
10.1037/h0041867 / Journal of Experimental Psychology / A measure of stimulus similarity and errors in some paired-associate learning tasks by Rothkopf (1957)
{'article-title': 'Stimulus and response generalization during paired-associates learning', 'year': '1955', 'author': 'Shepard', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB39'} / Stimulus and response generalization during paired-associates learning by Shepard (1955)
10.1037/h0042354 / Journal of Experimental Psychology / Stimulus and response generalization: Tests of a model relating generalization to distance in psychological space by Shepard (1958)
10.1007/BF02289630 / Psychometrika / The analysis of proximities: Multidimensional scaling with an unknown distance function. I by Shepard (1962)
10.1007/BF02289621 / Psychometrika / The analysis of proximities: Multidimensional scaling with an unknown distance function. II by Shepard (1962)
10.1177/001872086300500104 / Human Factors / Analysis of proximities as a technique for the study of information processing in man by Shepard (1963)
{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB44', 'series-title': 'Proceedings of the 1964 symposium on digital computing', 'article-title': 'Extracting latent structure from behavioral data', 'author': 'Shepard', 'year': '1964'} / Proceedings of the 1964 symposium on digital computing / Extracting latent structure from behavioral data by Shepard (1964)
{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB45', 'series-title': 'Stimulus generalization', 'first-page': '94', 'article-title': 'Approximations to uniform gradients of generalization by monotone transformations of scale', 'author': 'Shepard', 'year': '1965'} / Stimulus generalization / Approximations to uniform gradients of generalization by monotone transformations of scale by Shepard (1965)
{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB46', 'first-page': '557', 'article-title': 'Nonmetric methods for scaling and for factor analysis', 'volume': '19', 'author': 'Shepard', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'American Psychologist'} / American Psychologist / Nonmetric methods for scaling and for factor analysis by Shepard (1964)
10.1007/BF02289100 / Psychometrica / A method for obtaining an ordered metric scale by Siegel (1956)
{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB48', 'series-title': 'Handbook of experimental psychology', 'first-page': '1', 'article-title': 'Mathematics, measurement, and psychophysics', 'author': 'Stevens', 'year': '1951'} / Handbook of experimental psychology / Mathematics, measurement, and psychophysics by Stevens (1951)
10.1037/h0046162 / Psychological Review / On the psychophysical law by Stevens (1957)
10.1287/mnsc.1.3-4.259 / Management Science / An axiomatization of utility based on the notion of utility differences by Suppes (1955)
{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB51', 'first-page': '1', 'article-title': 'Basic measurement theory', 'volume': 'Vol. 1', 'author': 'Suppes', 'year': '1963'} / Basic measurement theory by Suppes (1963)
{'year': '1957', 'series-title': 'Vector spaces and matrices', 'author': 'Thrall', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB52'} / Vector spaces and matrices by Thrall (1957)
10.1037/h0070288 / Psychological Review / A law of comparative judgment by Thurstone (1927)
{'year': '1947', 'series-title': 'Multiple factor analysis', 'author': 'Thurstone', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB54'} / Multiple factor analysis by Thurstone (1947)
{'year': '1959', 'series-title': 'The measurement of values', 'author': 'Thurstone', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB55'} / The measurement of values by Thurstone (1959)
10.1007/BF02288916 / Psychometrika / Multidimensional scaling: I. Theory and method by Torgerson (1952)
{'year': '1958', 'series-title': 'Theory and methods of scaling', 'author': 'Torgerson', 'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB57'} / Theory and methods of scaling by Torgerson (1958)
{'key': '10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB58', 'article-title': 'Finite additive structures', 'author': 'Tversky', 'year': '1964', 'journal-title': 'Michigan Mathematical Psychology Program Technical Report MMPP 64-6'} / Michigan Mathematical Psychology Program Technical Report MMPP 64-6 / Finite additive structures by Tversky (1964)

Dates

Type	When
Created	20 years, 7 months ago (Jan. 4, 2005, 7:16 a.m.)
Deposited	8 months, 1 week ago (Dec. 22, 2024, 5:16 a.m.)
Indexed	2 months, 1 week ago (June 25, 2025, 7:48 p.m.)
Issued	59 years, 2 months ago (July 1, 1966)
Published	59 years, 2 months ago (July 1, 1966)
Published Print	59 years, 2 months ago (July 1, 1966)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Shepard_1966, title={Metric structures in ordinal data}, volume={3}, ISSN={0022-2496}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4}, DOI={10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Mathematical Psychology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Shepard, Roger N.}, year={1966}, month=jul, pages={287–315} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        6,
        25
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-06-25T23:48:44Z",
    "timestamp": 1750895324778,
    "version": "3.32.0"
  },
  "reference-count": 59,
  "publisher": "Elsevier BV",
  "issue": "2",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            1966,
            7,
            1
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "1966-07-01T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": -110592000000
      },
      "content-version": "tdm",
      "delay-in-days": 0,
      "URL": "https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [],
    "crossmark-restriction": false
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1966,
        7
      ]
    ]
  },
  "DOI": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2005,
        1,
        4
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2005-01-04T12:16:50Z",
    "timestamp": 1104841010000
  },
  "page": "287-315",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 266,
  "title": "Metric structures in ordinal data",
  "prefix": "10.1016",
  "volume": "3",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Roger N.",
      "family": "Shepard",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": []
    }
  ],
  "member": "78",
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB1",
      "first-page": "406",
      "article-title": "Efficient conversion of nonmetric information into metric information",
      "volume": "14",
      "author": "Abelson",
      "year": "1959",
      "journal-title": "American Psychologist"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB2",
      "series-title": "Proceedings American Statistical Association Meetings",
      "first-page": "226",
      "article-title": "Efficient conversion of nonmetric information into metric information",
      "author": "Abelson",
      "year": "1959"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB3",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1347",
      "DOI": "10.1214/aoms/1177703869",
      "article-title": "Efficient utilization of nonnumerical information in quantitative analysis: General theory and the case of simple order",
      "volume": "34",
      "author": "Abelson",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Annals Mathematical Statistics"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB4",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "111",
      "DOI": "10.1002/nav.3800050204",
      "article-title": "The coefficients in an allocation problem",
      "volume": "5",
      "author": "Aumann",
      "year": "1958",
      "journal-title": "Naval Research Logistics Quarterly"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB5",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "383",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02296304",
      "article-title": "Determination of the number of independent parameters of a score matrix from the examination of rank orders",
      "volume": "21",
      "author": "Bennett",
      "year": "1956",
      "journal-title": "Psychometrika"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB6",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "27",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02288932",
      "article-title": "Multidimensional unfolding: Determining the dimensionality of ranked preference data",
      "volume": "25",
      "author": "Bennett",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Psychometrika"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB7_1",
      "article-title": "Analyse factorielle des proximit\u00e9s",
      "volume": "13",
      "author": "Benz\u00e9cri",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Publications de l'Institute de Statistique de l'Universit\u00e9 de Paris, I"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB7_2",
      "article-title": "Analyse factorielle des proximit\u00e9s",
      "volume": "14",
      "author": "Benz\u00e9cri",
      "year": "1965",
      "journal-title": "Publications de l'Institute de Statistique de l'Universit\u00e9 de Paris, II"
    },
    {
      "year": "1941",
      "series-title": "A survey of modern algebra",
      "author": "Birkhoff",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB8"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "324",
      "DOI": "10.2307/2334029",
      "article-title": "Rank analysis of incomplete block designs. I. The method of paired comparisons",
      "volume": "39",
      "author": "Bradley",
      "year": "1952",
      "journal-title": "Biometrika"
    },
    {
      "volume": "Vol. 1",
      "year": "1920",
      "author": "Campbell",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB10"
    },
    {
      "year": "1928",
      "series-title": "An account of the principles of measurement and calculation",
      "author": "Campbell",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB11"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB12",
      "first-page": "540",
      "article-title": "A general index of nonlinear correlation and its application to the interpretation of multidimensional scaling solutions",
      "volume": "19",
      "author": "Carroll",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "American Psychologist"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB13",
      "series-title": "Paper presented at the joint meeting of the Psychometric and Psychonomic Societies in Niagara Falls",
      "article-title": "Non-parametric multidimensional analysis of paired-comparisons data",
      "author": "Carroll",
      "year": "1964"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "145",
      "DOI": "10.1037/h0060984",
      "article-title": "Psychological scaling without a unit of measurement",
      "volume": "57",
      "author": "Coombs",
      "year": "1950",
      "journal-title": "Psychological Review"
    },
    {
      "year": "1964",
      "series-title": "A theory of data",
      "author": "Coombs",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB15"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB16",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "219",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02289726",
      "article-title": "On a connection between factor analysis and multidimensional unfolding",
      "volume": "25",
      "author": "Coombs",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Psychometrika"
    },
    {
      "year": "1961",
      "series-title": "Introduction to geometry",
      "author": "Coxeter",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB17"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB18",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "467",
      "DOI": "10.1080/00223980.1954.9712953",
      "article-title": "Dimensions of color vision",
      "volume": "38",
      "author": "Ekman",
      "year": "1954",
      "journal-title": "Journal of Psychology"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB19",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "157",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02289827",
      "article-title": "A method for ordered metric scaling by comparison of intervals",
      "volume": "24",
      "author": "Fagot",
      "year": "1959",
      "journal-title": "Psychometrika"
    },
    {
      "year": "1957",
      "series-title": "Numerical analysis methods of scaling",
      "author": "Goode",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB20"
    },
    {
      "year": "1962",
      "series-title": "Interval scale representation of ordered metric scales",
      "author": "Goode",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB21"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB22",
      "first-page": "579",
      "article-title": "An algorithm for the additive conjoint measurement of finite data matrices",
      "volume": "19",
      "author": "Goode",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "American Psychologist"
    },
    {
      "year": "1954",
      "series-title": "Psychometric methods",
      "author": "Guilford",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB23"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB24",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "139",
      "DOI": "10.2307/2086306",
      "article-title": "A basis for scaling qualitative data",
      "volume": "9",
      "author": "Guttman",
      "year": "1944",
      "journal-title": "American Sociological Review"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "447",
      "DOI": "10.1214/aoms/1177729805",
      "article-title": "The distribution of distance in a hypersphere",
      "volume": "21",
      "author": "Hammersley",
      "year": "1950",
      "journal-title": "Annals Mathematical Statistics"
    },
    {
      "year": "1960",
      "series-title": "Modern factor analysis",
      "author": "Harman",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB26"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB27",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "330",
      "DOI": "10.1037/h0044796",
      "article-title": "Multidimensional mapping of Munsell colors varying in hue, chroma, and value",
      "volume": "59",
      "author": "Indow",
      "year": "1960",
      "journal-title": "Journal of Experimental Psychology"
    },
    {
      "year": "1939",
      "series-title": "Elementary mathematics from the advanced standpoint: Geometry",
      "author": "Klein",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB28"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB29",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "163",
      "DOI": "10.1177/001872086300500207",
      "article-title": "Preference scaling via a modification of Shepard's proximity analysis method",
      "volume": "5",
      "author": "Klemmer",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Human Factors"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB30",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02289565",
      "article-title": "Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a non-metric hypothesis",
      "volume": "29",
      "author": "Kruskal",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Psychometrika"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB31",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "115",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02289694",
      "article-title": "Non-metric multidimensional scaling: A numerical method",
      "volume": "29",
      "author": "Kruskal",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Psychometrika"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB32",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "251",
      "DOI": "10.1111/j.2517-6161.1965.tb01492.x",
      "article-title": "Analysis of factorial experiments by estimating monotone transformations",
      "volume": "27",
      "author": "Kruskal",
      "year": "1965",
      "journal-title": "Journal of the Royal Statistical Society (Series B)"
    },
    {
      "year": "1959",
      "series-title": "Individual choice behavior",
      "author": "Luce",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB33"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB34",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0022-2496(64)90015-X",
      "article-title": "Simultaneous conjoint measurement: A new type of fundamental measurement",
      "volume": "1",
      "author": "Luce",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Journal of Mathematical Psychology"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB35",
      "first-page": "579",
      "article-title": "An analytical approach to the interpretation of multidimensional scaling solutions",
      "author": "Miller",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "American Psychologist"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB36",
      "series-title": "Second congress on the information system sciences",
      "article-title": "Experiments on systems",
      "author": "Morey",
      "year": "1965"
    },
    {
      "year": "1934",
      "series-title": "Tables of the incomplete beta-function",
      "author": "Pearson",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB37"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB38",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "94",
      "DOI": "10.1037/h0041867",
      "article-title": "A measure of stimulus similarity and errors in some paired-associate learning tasks",
      "volume": "53",
      "author": "Rothkopf",
      "year": "1957",
      "journal-title": "Journal of Experimental Psychology"
    },
    {
      "article-title": "Stimulus and response generalization during paired-associates learning",
      "year": "1955",
      "author": "Shepard",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB39"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB40",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "509",
      "DOI": "10.1037/h0042354",
      "article-title": "Stimulus and response generalization: Tests of a model relating generalization to distance in psychological space",
      "volume": "55",
      "author": "Shepard",
      "year": "1958",
      "journal-title": "Journal of Experimental Psychology"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB41",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "125",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02289630",
      "article-title": "The analysis of proximities: Multidimensional scaling with an unknown distance function. I",
      "volume": "27",
      "author": "Shepard",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Psychometrika"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB42",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "219",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02289621",
      "article-title": "The analysis of proximities: Multidimensional scaling with an unknown distance function. II",
      "volume": "27",
      "author": "Shepard",
      "year": "1962",
      "journal-title": "Psychometrika"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB43",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "33",
      "DOI": "10.1177/001872086300500104",
      "article-title": "Analysis of proximities as a technique for the study of information processing in man",
      "volume": "5",
      "author": "Shepard",
      "year": "1963",
      "journal-title": "Human Factors"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB44",
      "series-title": "Proceedings of the 1964 symposium on digital computing",
      "article-title": "Extracting latent structure from behavioral data",
      "author": "Shepard",
      "year": "1964"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB45",
      "series-title": "Stimulus generalization",
      "first-page": "94",
      "article-title": "Approximations to uniform gradients of generalization by monotone transformations of scale",
      "author": "Shepard",
      "year": "1965"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB46",
      "first-page": "557",
      "article-title": "Nonmetric methods for scaling and for factor analysis",
      "volume": "19",
      "author": "Shepard",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "American Psychologist"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB47",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "207",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02289100",
      "article-title": "A method for obtaining an ordered metric scale",
      "volume": "21",
      "author": "Siegel",
      "year": "1956",
      "journal-title": "Psychometrica"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB48",
      "series-title": "Handbook of experimental psychology",
      "first-page": "1",
      "article-title": "Mathematics, measurement, and psychophysics",
      "author": "Stevens",
      "year": "1951"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB49",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "153",
      "DOI": "10.1037/h0046162",
      "article-title": "On the psychophysical law",
      "volume": "64",
      "author": "Stevens",
      "year": "1957",
      "journal-title": "Psychological Review"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB50",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "259",
      "DOI": "10.1287/mnsc.1.3-4.259",
      "article-title": "An axiomatization of utility based on the notion of utility differences",
      "volume": "1",
      "author": "Suppes",
      "year": "1955",
      "journal-title": "Management Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB51",
      "first-page": "1",
      "article-title": "Basic measurement theory",
      "volume": "Vol. 1",
      "author": "Suppes",
      "year": "1963"
    },
    {
      "year": "1957",
      "series-title": "Vector spaces and matrices",
      "author": "Thrall",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB52"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB53",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "273",
      "DOI": "10.1037/h0070288",
      "article-title": "A law of comparative judgment",
      "volume": "34",
      "author": "Thurstone",
      "year": "1927",
      "journal-title": "Psychological Review"
    },
    {
      "year": "1947",
      "series-title": "Multiple factor analysis",
      "author": "Thurstone",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB54"
    },
    {
      "year": "1959",
      "series-title": "The measurement of values",
      "author": "Thurstone",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB55"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB56",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "401",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02288916",
      "article-title": "Multidimensional scaling: I. Theory and method",
      "volume": "17",
      "author": "Torgerson",
      "year": "1952",
      "journal-title": "Psychometrika"
    },
    {
      "year": "1958",
      "series-title": "Theory and methods of scaling",
      "author": "Torgerson",
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB57"
    },
    {
      "key": "10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4_BIB58",
      "article-title": "Finite additive structures",
      "author": "Tversky",
      "year": "1964",
      "journal-title": "Michigan Mathematical Psychology Program Technical Report MMPP 64-6"
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Journal of Mathematical Psychology",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:0022249666900174?httpAccept=text/xml",
      "content-type": "text/xml",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:0022249666900174?httpAccept=text/plain",
      "content-type": "text/plain",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024,
        12,
        22
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2024-12-22T10:16:08Z",
    "timestamp": 1734862568000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022249666900174"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1966,
        7
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 59,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "2",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1966,
          7
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "0022249666900174"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2496(66)90017-4",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0022-2496"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Journal of Mathematical Psychology",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1966,
        7
      ]
    ]
  }
}