DOI: 10.1007/s11706-009-0036-x. Overview of the amorphous precursor phase strategy in biomineralization

Overview of the amorphous precursor phase strategy in biomineralization

10.1007/s11706-009-0036-x

Crossref journal-article

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Frontiers of Materials Science in China (297)

Bibliography

Weiner, S., Mahamid, J., Politi, Y., Ma, Y., & Addadi, L. (2009). Overview of the amorphous precursor phase strategy in biomineralization. Frontiers of Materials Science in China, 3(2), 104â108.

Authors 5

Steve Weiner (first)
Julia Mahamid (additional)
Yael Politi (additional)
Yurong Ma (additional)
Lia Addadi (additional)

References 44 Referenced 99

Weiner S, Sagi I, Addadi L. Choosing the path less traveled. Science, 2005, 309: 1027–1028 (10.1126/science.1114920) / Science by S. Weiner (2005)
Ehrenberg C G. Phosphosaures kalk in den zähnen und kieselerde in dem panzer von infusorein. Ann Phys Lpz, 1834, 32: 574–576 / Ann Phys Lpz by C. G. Ehrenberg (1834)
Minchin E A. Sponge-spicules. Summary of present knowledge. Ergebn Fortschr Zoologie, 1909, 2: 171–274 / Summary of present knowledge. Ergebn Fortschr Zoologie by E. A. Minchin (1909)
Towe K M, Lowenstam H A. Ultrastructure and development of iron mineralization in the radular teeth of Cryptochiton stelleri (Mollusca). Journal of Ultrastructure Research, 1967, 17: 1–13 (10.1016/S0022-5320(67)80015-7) / Journal of Ultrastructure Research by K. M. Towe (1967)
Lowenstam H A. Magnetite in denticle capping in recent chitons (Polyplacophera). Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1962, 73: 435–438 (10.1130/0016-7606(1962)73[435:MIDCIR]2.0.CO;2) / Geological Society of America Bulletin by H. A. Lowenstam (1962)
Kirschvink J L, Lowenstam H A. Mineralization and magnetization of chiton teeth: paleomagnetic, sedimentologic, and biologic implications of organic magnetite. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1979, 44: 193–204 (10.1016/0012-821X(79)90168-7) / Earth and Planetary Science Letters by J. L. Kirschvink (1979)
Brecevic L J, Furedi-Milhofer H. Precipitation of calcium phosphates from electrolyte solutions. II. The formation and transformation of precipitates. Calcified Tissue Research, 1972, 10: 82–90 (10.1007/BF02012538) / Calcified Tissue Research by L. J. Brecevic (1972)
Glimcher M J. Recent studies of the mineral phase in bone and its possible linkage to the organic matrix by protein-bound phosphate bonds. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 1984, B304: 479–508 (10.1098/rstb.1984.0041) / Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B by M. J. Glimcher (1984)
Grynpas M D, Bonar L C, Glimcher M J. Failure to detect an amorphous calcium-phosphate solid phase in bone mineral: a radial distribution function study. Calcified Tissue International, 1984, 36: 291–301 (10.1007/BF02405333) / Calcified Tissue International by M. D. Grynpas (1984)
Brown W E, Chow L C. Chemical properties of bone mineral. Annual Review of Materials Science, 1976, 6: 213–236 (10.1146/annurev.ms.06.080176.001241) / Annual Review of Materials Science by W. E. Brown (1976)
Brecevic L, Nielsen A E. Solubility of amorphous calcium carbonate. Journal of Crystal Growth, 1989, 98: 504–510 (10.1016/0022-0248(89)90168-1) / Journal of Crystal Growth by L. Brecevic (1989)
Clarkson J R, Price T J, Adams C J. Role of metastable phases in the spontaneous precipitation of calcium carbonate. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions, 1992, 88: 243–249 (10.1039/ft9928800243) / Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions by J. R. Clarkson (1992)
Addadi L, Raz S, Weiner S. Taking advantage of disorder: amorphous calcium carbonate and its roles in biomineralization. Advanced Materials, 2003, 15: 959–970 (10.1002/adma.200300381) / Advanced Materials by L. Addadi (2003)
Lowenstam H A, Weiner S. On Biomineralization. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989 (10.1093/oso/9780195049770.001.0001) / On Biomineralization by H. A. Lowenstam (1989)
Golubic S, Campbell S E. Biologically-formed aragonite concretions in marine Rivularia. In: Monty C L V. Phanerozoic Stromatolites. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1980, 209–229 / Phanerozoic Stromatolites by S. Golubic (1980)
Lowenstam H A. Mineralization processes in monerans and vprotoctists. In: Leadbeater B S C, Riding R. Biomineralization of Lower Plants and Animals. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986, 1–17 / Biomineralization of Lower Plants and Animals by H. A. Lowenstam (1986)
Mann S. Structure, morphology, and crystal growth of bacterial magnetite. In: Kirschvink J L, Jones D S, MacFadden B J. Magnetite Biomineralization and Magnetoreception in Organisms. New York: Plenum Press, 1985, 311–332 (10.1007/978-1-4613-0313-8_15) / Magnetite Biomineralization and Magnetoreception in Organisms by S. Mann (1985)
Hallberg R O. Iron and zinc sulfides formed in a continuous culture of sulfate reducing bacteria. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie-Monatshefte, 1972, 481–500
Lowenstam H A, Weiner S. Transformation of amorphous calcium phosphate to crystalline dahllite in the radular teeth of chitons. Science, 1985, 227: 51–53 (10.1126/science.227.4682.51) / Science by H. A. Lowenstam (1985)
Kessel E. Über die Schale von Viviparus viviparus L. und Viviparus fasciatus Mull. Z Morphol Okol Tiere, 1933, 27: 9–198 (10.1007/BF00406042) / Z Morphol Okol Tiere by E. Kessel (1933)
Nelson D G A, Wood D J, Barry J C. The structure of (100) defects in carbonated apatite crystallites: a high resolution electron microscope study. Ultramicroscopy, 1986, 19: 253–266 (10.1016/0304-3991(86)90213-5) / Ultramicroscopy by D. G. A. Nelson (1986)
Beniash E, Aizenberg J, Addadi L, et al. Amorphous calcium carbonate transforms into calcite during sea-urchin larval spicule growth. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 1997, 264: 461–465 (10.1098/rspb.1997.0066) / Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B by E. Beniash (1997)
Berman A, Hanson J, Leiserowitz L, et al. Biological control of crystal texture: Awidespread strategy for adapting crystal properties to function. Science, 1993, 259: 776–779 (10.1126/science.259.5096.776) / Science by A. Berman (1993)
Gueta R, Natan A, Addadi L, et al. Local atomic order and infrared spectra of biogenic calcite. Angewandte Chemie — International Edition, 2006, 46: 291–294 / Local atomic order and infrared spectra of biogenic calcite by R. Gueta (2006)
Raz S, Hamilton P C, Wilt F H, et al. The transient phase of amorphous calcium carbonate in sea urchin larval spicules: The involvement of proteins and magnesium ions in its formation and stabilization. Advanced Functional Materials, 2003, 13: 480–486 (10.1002/adfm.200304285) / Advanced Functional Materials by S. Raz (2003)
Politi Y, Levi-Kalisman Y, Raz S, et al. Strucutural characterization of the transient calcium carbonate amorphous precursor phase in sea urchin embryos. Advanced Functional Materials, 2006, 16: 1289–1298 (10.1002/adfm.200600134) / Advanced Functional Materials by Y. Politi (2006)
Politi Y, Arad T, Klein E, et al. Sea urchin spine calcite forms via a transient amorphous calcium carbonate phase. Science, 2004, 306: 1161–1164 (10.1126/science.1102289) / Science by Y. Politi (2004)
Politi Y, Metzler R A, Abrecht M, et al. Transformation mechanism of amorphous calcium carbonate into calcite in the sea urchin larval spicule. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008, 105: 17362–17366 (10.1073/pnas.0806604105) / Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America by Y. Politi (2008)
Ma Y, Weiner S, Addadi L. Mineral deposition and crystal growth in the continuously forming teeth of sea urchins. Advanced Functional Materials, 2007, 17: 2693–2700 (10.1002/adfm.200700234) / Advanced Functional Materials by Y. Ma (2007)
Marxen J C, Becker W, Finke D, et al. Early mineralization in Biomphalaria glabrata: microscopic and structural results. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 2003, 69: 113–121 (10.1093/mollus/69.2.113) / Journal of Molluscan Studies by J. C. Marxen (2003)
Hasse B, Ehrenberg H, Marxen J, et al. Calcium carbonate modification in the mineralized shell of the freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata. Chemistry — A European Journal, 2000, 6: 3679–3685 (10.1002/1521-3765(20001016)6:20<3679::AID-CHEM3679>3.0.CO;2-#) / Chemistry — A European Journal by B. Hasse (2000)
Weiss I M, Tuross N, Addadi L, et al. Mollusk larval shell formation: amorphous calcium carbonate is a precursor for aragonite. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 2002, 293: 478–491 (10.1002/jez.90004) / Journal of Experimental Zoology by I. M. Weiss (2002)
Nassif N, Pinna N, Gehrke N, et al. Amorphous layer around aragonite platelets in nacre. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2005, 102: 12563–12655 (10.1073/pnas.0502577102) / Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America by N. Nassif (2005)
Chave K E. Aspects of the biogeochemistry of magnesium I. Calcareous marine organisms. Journal of Geology, 1954, 62: 266–283 (10.1086/626162) / Journal of Geology by K. E. Chave (1954)
Vinogradov A P. The Elementary Chemical Composition of Marine Organisms. Sears Foundation for Marine Research II. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1953 / Sears Foundation for Marine Research II by A. P. Vinogradov (1953)
Dillaman R, Hequembourg S, Gay M. Early pattern of calcification in the dorsal carapace of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. Journal of Morphology, 2005, 263: 356–374 (10.1002/jmor.10311) / Journal of Morphology by R. Dillaman (2005)
Levi-Kalisman Y, Raz S, Weiner S, et al. X-Ray absorption spectroscopy studies on the structure of a biogenic “amorphous” calcium carbonate phase. Journal of the Chemical Society — Dalton Transactions, 2000, 3977–3982 (10.1039/b003242p)
Darwin C. The Formation of Vegetable Mould, Through the Action of Worms, with Observations on Their Habits. London: John Murray, 1881 (10.5962/bhl.title.107559) / The Formation of Vegetable Mould, Through the Action of Worms, with Observations on Their Habits by C. Darwin (1881)
Lee M R, Hodson M E, Langworthy G N. Crystallization of calcite from amorphous calcium carbonate: earthworms show the way. Mineralogical Magazine, 2008, 71: 257–261 (10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.257) / Mineralogical Magazine by M. R. Lee (2008)
Gago-Duport L, Briones M J I, Rodriguez J B, et al. Amorphous calcium carbonate biomineralization in the earthworm’s calciferous gland: pathways to the formation of crystalline phases. Journal of Structural Biology, 2008, 162: 422–435 (10.1016/j.jsb.2008.02.007) / Journal of Structural Biology by L. Gago-Duport (2008)
Meibom A, Cuif J P, Hillion F, et al. Distribution of magnesium in a coral skeleton. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2004, 31: L23306–23310 / Journal of Geophysical Research by A. Meibom (2004)
Crane N J, Popescu V, Morris M D, et al. Raman spectroscopic evidence for octacalcium phosphate and other mineral species deposited during intramembraneous mineralization. Bone, 2006, 39: 431–433 (10.1016/j.bone.2006.02.059) / Bone by N. J. Crane (2006)
Mahamid J, Sharir A, Addadi L, et al. Amorphous calcium phosphate is a major component of the forming fin bones of zebrafish: indications for an amorphous precursor phase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008, 105: 12748–12753 (10.1073/pnas.0803354105) / Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America by J. Mahamid (2008)
Sone E D, Weiner S, Addadi L. Biomineralization of limpet teeth: A cryo-TEM study of the organic matrix and the onset of mineral deposition. Journal of Structural Biology, 2007, 158: 428–444 (10.1016/j.jsb.2007.01.001) / Journal of Structural Biology by E. D. Sone (2007)

Dates

Type	When
Created	16 years, 5 months ago (March 19, 2009, 9:16 a.m.)
Deposited	3 years, 10 months ago (Oct. 3, 2021, 8:08 a.m.)
Indexed	5 days, 1 hour ago (Aug. 20, 2025, 9:09 a.m.)
Issued	16 years, 5 months ago (March 19, 2009)
Published	16 years, 5 months ago (March 19, 2009)
Published Online	16 years, 5 months ago (March 19, 2009)
Published Print	16 years, 2 months ago (June 1, 2009)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Weiner_2009, title={Overview of the amorphous precursor phase strategy in biomineralization}, volume={3}, ISSN={1673-7482}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11706-009-0036-x}, DOI={10.1007/s11706-009-0036-x}, number={2}, journal={Frontiers of Materials Science in China}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Weiner, Steve and Mahamid, Julia and Politi, Yael and Ma, Yurong and Addadi, Lia}, year={2009}, month=mar, pages={104–108} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2025,
        8,
        20
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2025-08-20T13:09:20Z",
    "timestamp": 1755695360722
  },
  "reference-count": 44,
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "issue": "2",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            2009,
            3,
            19
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "2009-03-19T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": 1237420800000
      },
      "content-version": "tdm",
      "delay-in-days": 0,
      "URL": "http://www.springer.com/tdm"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [],
    "crossmark-restriction": false
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2009,
        6
      ]
    ]
  },
  "DOI": "10.1007/s11706-009-0036-x",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2009,
        3,
        19
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2009-03-19T13:16:03Z",
    "timestamp": 1237468563000
  },
  "page": "104-108",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 99,
  "title": "Overview of the amorphous precursor phase strategy in biomineralization",
  "prefix": "10.1007",
  "volume": "3",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "Steve",
      "family": "Weiner",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Julia",
      "family": "Mahamid",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Yael",
      "family": "Politi",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Yurong",
      "family": "Ma",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    },
    {
      "given": "Lia",
      "family": "Addadi",
      "sequence": "additional",
      "affiliation": []
    }
  ],
  "member": "297",
  "published-online": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2009,
        3,
        19
      ]
    ]
  },
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "36_CR1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1027",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.1114920",
      "volume": "309",
      "author": "S. Weiner",
      "year": "2005",
      "unstructured": "Weiner S, Sagi I, Addadi L. Choosing the path less traveled. Science, 2005, 309: 1027\u20131028",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR2",
      "first-page": "574",
      "volume": "32",
      "author": "C. G. Ehrenberg",
      "year": "1834",
      "unstructured": "Ehrenberg C G. Phosphosaures kalk in den z\u00e4hnen und kieselerde in dem panzer von infusorein. Ann Phys Lpz, 1834, 32: 574\u2013576",
      "journal-title": "Ann Phys Lpz"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR3",
      "first-page": "171",
      "volume": "2",
      "author": "E. A. Minchin",
      "year": "1909",
      "unstructured": "Minchin E A. Sponge-spicules. Summary of present knowledge. Ergebn Fortschr Zoologie, 1909, 2: 171\u2013274",
      "journal-title": "Summary of present knowledge. Ergebn Fortschr Zoologie"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR4",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0022-5320(67)80015-7",
      "volume": "17",
      "author": "K. M. Towe",
      "year": "1967",
      "unstructured": "Towe K M, Lowenstam H A. Ultrastructure and development of iron mineralization in the radular teeth of Cryptochiton stelleri (Mollusca). Journal of Ultrastructure Research, 1967, 17: 1\u201313",
      "journal-title": "Journal of Ultrastructure Research"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR5",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "435",
      "DOI": "10.1130/0016-7606(1962)73[435:MIDCIR]2.0.CO;2",
      "volume": "73",
      "author": "H. A. Lowenstam",
      "year": "1962",
      "unstructured": "Lowenstam H A. Magnetite in denticle capping in recent chitons (Polyplacophera). Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1962, 73: 435\u2013438",
      "journal-title": "Geological Society of America Bulletin"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR6",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "193",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0012-821X(79)90168-7",
      "volume": "44",
      "author": "J. L. Kirschvink",
      "year": "1979",
      "unstructured": "Kirschvink J L, Lowenstam H A. Mineralization and magnetization of chiton teeth: paleomagnetic, sedimentologic, and biologic implications of organic magnetite. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1979, 44: 193\u2013204",
      "journal-title": "Earth and Planetary Science Letters"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR7",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "82",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02012538",
      "volume": "10",
      "author": "L. J. Brecevic",
      "year": "1972",
      "unstructured": "Brecevic L J, Furedi-Milhofer H. Precipitation of calcium phosphates from electrolyte solutions. II. The formation and transformation of precipitates. Calcified Tissue Research, 1972, 10: 82\u201390",
      "journal-title": "Calcified Tissue Research"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR8",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "479",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rstb.1984.0041",
      "volume": "B304",
      "author": "M. J. Glimcher",
      "year": "1984",
      "unstructured": "Glimcher M J. Recent studies of the mineral phase in bone and its possible linkage to the organic matrix by protein-bound phosphate bonds. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 1984, B304: 479\u2013508",
      "journal-title": "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR9",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "291",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02405333",
      "volume": "36",
      "author": "M. D. Grynpas",
      "year": "1984",
      "unstructured": "Grynpas M D, Bonar L C, Glimcher M J. Failure to detect an amorphous calcium-phosphate solid phase in bone mineral: a radial distribution function study. Calcified Tissue International, 1984, 36: 291\u2013301",
      "journal-title": "Calcified Tissue International"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR10",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "213",
      "DOI": "10.1146/annurev.ms.06.080176.001241",
      "volume": "6",
      "author": "W. E. Brown",
      "year": "1976",
      "unstructured": "Brown W E, Chow L C. Chemical properties of bone mineral. Annual Review of Materials Science, 1976, 6: 213\u2013236",
      "journal-title": "Annual Review of Materials Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR11",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "504",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0022-0248(89)90168-1",
      "volume": "98",
      "author": "L. Brecevic",
      "year": "1989",
      "unstructured": "Brecevic L, Nielsen A E. Solubility of amorphous calcium carbonate. Journal of Crystal Growth, 1989, 98: 504\u2013510",
      "journal-title": "Journal of Crystal Growth"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR12",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "243",
      "DOI": "10.1039/ft9928800243",
      "volume": "88",
      "author": "J. R. Clarkson",
      "year": "1992",
      "unstructured": "Clarkson J R, Price T J, Adams C J. Role of metastable phases in the spontaneous precipitation of calcium carbonate. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions, 1992, 88: 243\u2013249",
      "journal-title": "Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR13",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "959",
      "DOI": "10.1002/adma.200300381",
      "volume": "15",
      "author": "L. Addadi",
      "year": "2003",
      "unstructured": "Addadi L, Raz S, Weiner S. Taking advantage of disorder: amorphous calcium carbonate and its roles in biomineralization. Advanced Materials, 2003, 15: 959\u2013970",
      "journal-title": "Advanced Materials"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR14",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "DOI": "10.1093/oso/9780195049770.001.0001",
      "volume-title": "On Biomineralization",
      "author": "H. A. Lowenstam",
      "year": "1989",
      "unstructured": "Lowenstam H A, Weiner S. On Biomineralization. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR15",
      "first-page": "209",
      "volume-title": "Phanerozoic Stromatolites",
      "author": "S. Golubic",
      "year": "1980",
      "unstructured": "Golubic S, Campbell S E. Biologically-formed aragonite concretions in marine Rivularia. In: Monty C L V. Phanerozoic Stromatolites. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1980, 209\u2013229"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR16",
      "first-page": "1",
      "volume-title": "Biomineralization of Lower Plants and Animals",
      "author": "H. A. Lowenstam",
      "year": "1986",
      "unstructured": "Lowenstam H A. Mineralization processes in monerans and vprotoctists. In: Leadbeater B S C, Riding R. Biomineralization of Lower Plants and Animals. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986, 1\u201317"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR17",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "311",
      "DOI": "10.1007/978-1-4613-0313-8_15",
      "volume-title": "Magnetite Biomineralization and Magnetoreception in Organisms",
      "author": "S. Mann",
      "year": "1985",
      "unstructured": "Mann S. Structure, morphology, and crystal growth of bacterial magnetite. In: Kirschvink J L, Jones D S, MacFadden B J. Magnetite Biomineralization and Magnetoreception in Organisms. New York: Plenum Press, 1985, 311\u2013332"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR18",
      "unstructured": "Hallberg R O. Iron and zinc sulfides formed in a continuous culture of sulfate reducing bacteria. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie-Monatshefte, 1972, 481\u2013500"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR19",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "51",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.227.4682.51",
      "volume": "227",
      "author": "H. A. Lowenstam",
      "year": "1985",
      "unstructured": "Lowenstam H A, Weiner S. Transformation of amorphous calcium phosphate to crystalline dahllite in the radular teeth of chitons. Science, 1985, 227: 51\u201353",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR20",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "9",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF00406042",
      "volume": "27",
      "author": "E. Kessel",
      "year": "1933",
      "unstructured": "Kessel E. \u00dcber die Schale von Viviparus viviparus L. und Viviparus fasciatus Mull. Z Morphol Okol Tiere, 1933, 27: 9\u2013198",
      "journal-title": "Z Morphol Okol Tiere"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR21",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "253",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0304-3991(86)90213-5",
      "volume": "19",
      "author": "D. G. A. Nelson",
      "year": "1986",
      "unstructured": "Nelson D G A, Wood D J, Barry J C. The structure of (100) defects in carbonated apatite crystallites: a high resolution electron microscope study. Ultramicroscopy, 1986, 19: 253\u2013266",
      "journal-title": "Ultramicroscopy"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR22",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "461",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspb.1997.0066",
      "volume": "264",
      "author": "E. Beniash",
      "year": "1997",
      "unstructured": "Beniash E, Aizenberg J, Addadi L, et al. Amorphous calcium carbonate transforms into calcite during sea-urchin larval spicule growth. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 1997, 264: 461\u2013465",
      "journal-title": "Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR23",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "776",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.259.5096.776",
      "volume": "259",
      "author": "A. Berman",
      "year": "1993",
      "unstructured": "Berman A, Hanson J, Leiserowitz L, et al. Biological control of crystal texture: Awidespread strategy for adapting crystal properties to function. Science, 1993, 259: 776\u2013779",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR24",
      "first-page": "291",
      "volume": "46",
      "author": "R. Gueta",
      "year": "2006",
      "unstructured": "Gueta R, Natan A, Addadi L, et al. Local atomic order and infrared spectra of biogenic calcite. Angewandte Chemie \u2014 International Edition, 2006, 46: 291\u2013294",
      "journal-title": "Local atomic order and infrared spectra of biogenic calcite"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR25",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "480",
      "DOI": "10.1002/adfm.200304285",
      "volume": "13",
      "author": "S. Raz",
      "year": "2003",
      "unstructured": "Raz S, Hamilton P C, Wilt F H, et al. The transient phase of amorphous calcium carbonate in sea urchin larval spicules: The involvement of proteins and magnesium ions in its formation and stabilization. Advanced Functional Materials, 2003, 13: 480\u2013486",
      "journal-title": "Advanced Functional Materials"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR26",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1289",
      "DOI": "10.1002/adfm.200600134",
      "volume": "16",
      "author": "Y. Politi",
      "year": "2006",
      "unstructured": "Politi Y, Levi-Kalisman Y, Raz S, et al. Strucutural characterization of the transient calcium carbonate amorphous precursor phase in sea urchin embryos. Advanced Functional Materials, 2006, 16: 1289\u20131298",
      "journal-title": "Advanced Functional Materials"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR27",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "1161",
      "DOI": "10.1126/science.1102289",
      "volume": "306",
      "author": "Y. Politi",
      "year": "2004",
      "unstructured": "Politi Y, Arad T, Klein E, et al. Sea urchin spine calcite forms via a transient amorphous calcium carbonate phase. Science, 2004, 306: 1161\u20131164",
      "journal-title": "Science"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR28",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "17362",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.0806604105",
      "volume": "105",
      "author": "Y. Politi",
      "year": "2008",
      "unstructured": "Politi Y, Metzler R A, Abrecht M, et al. Transformation mechanism of amorphous calcium carbonate into calcite in the sea urchin larval spicule. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008, 105: 17362\u201317366",
      "journal-title": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR29",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "2693",
      "DOI": "10.1002/adfm.200700234",
      "volume": "17",
      "author": "Y. Ma",
      "year": "2007",
      "unstructured": "Ma Y, Weiner S, Addadi L. Mineral deposition and crystal growth in the continuously forming teeth of sea urchins. Advanced Functional Materials, 2007, 17: 2693\u20132700",
      "journal-title": "Advanced Functional Materials"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR30",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "113",
      "DOI": "10.1093/mollus/69.2.113",
      "volume": "69",
      "author": "J. C. Marxen",
      "year": "2003",
      "unstructured": "Marxen J C, Becker W, Finke D, et al. Early mineralization in Biomphalaria glabrata: microscopic and structural results. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 2003, 69: 113\u2013121",
      "journal-title": "Journal of Molluscan Studies"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR31",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "3679",
      "DOI": "10.1002/1521-3765(20001016)6:20<3679::AID-CHEM3679>3.0.CO;2-#",
      "volume": "6",
      "author": "B. Hasse",
      "year": "2000",
      "unstructured": "Hasse B, Ehrenberg H, Marxen J, et al. Calcium carbonate modification in the mineralized shell of the freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata. Chemistry \u2014 A European Journal, 2000, 6: 3679\u20133685",
      "journal-title": "Chemistry \u2014 A European Journal"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR32",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "478",
      "DOI": "10.1002/jez.90004",
      "volume": "293",
      "author": "I. M. Weiss",
      "year": "2002",
      "unstructured": "Weiss I M, Tuross N, Addadi L, et al. Mollusk larval shell formation: amorphous calcium carbonate is a precursor for aragonite. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 2002, 293: 478\u2013491",
      "journal-title": "Journal of Experimental Zoology"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR33",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "12563",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.0502577102",
      "volume": "102",
      "author": "N. Nassif",
      "year": "2005",
      "unstructured": "Nassif N, Pinna N, Gehrke N, et al. Amorphous layer around aragonite platelets in nacre. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2005, 102: 12563\u201312655",
      "journal-title": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR34",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "266",
      "DOI": "10.1086/626162",
      "volume": "62",
      "author": "K. E. Chave",
      "year": "1954",
      "unstructured": "Chave K E. Aspects of the biogeochemistry of magnesium I. Calcareous marine organisms. Journal of Geology, 1954, 62: 266\u2013283",
      "journal-title": "Journal of Geology"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR35",
      "volume-title": "Sears Foundation for Marine Research II",
      "author": "A. P. Vinogradov",
      "year": "1953",
      "unstructured": "Vinogradov A P. The Elementary Chemical Composition of Marine Organisms. Sears Foundation for Marine Research II. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1953"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR36",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "356",
      "DOI": "10.1002/jmor.10311",
      "volume": "263",
      "author": "R. Dillaman",
      "year": "2005",
      "unstructured": "Dillaman R, Hequembourg S, Gay M. Early pattern of calcification in the dorsal carapace of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. Journal of Morphology, 2005, 263: 356\u2013374",
      "journal-title": "Journal of Morphology"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR37",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "unstructured": "Levi-Kalisman Y, Raz S, Weiner S, et al. X-Ray absorption spectroscopy studies on the structure of a biogenic \u201camorphous\u201d calcium carbonate phase. Journal of the Chemical Society \u2014 Dalton Transactions, 2000, 3977\u20133982",
      "DOI": "10.1039/b003242p"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR38",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "DOI": "10.5962/bhl.title.107559",
      "volume-title": "The Formation of Vegetable Mould, Through the Action of Worms, with Observations on Their Habits",
      "author": "C. Darwin",
      "year": "1881",
      "unstructured": "Darwin C. The Formation of Vegetable Mould, Through the Action of Worms, with Observations on Their Habits. London: John Murray, 1881"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR39",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "257",
      "DOI": "10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.257",
      "volume": "71",
      "author": "M. R. Lee",
      "year": "2008",
      "unstructured": "Lee M R, Hodson M E, Langworthy G N. Crystallization of calcite from amorphous calcium carbonate: earthworms show the way. Mineralogical Magazine, 2008, 71: 257\u2013261",
      "journal-title": "Mineralogical Magazine"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR40",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "422",
      "DOI": "10.1016/j.jsb.2008.02.007",
      "volume": "162",
      "author": "L. Gago-Duport",
      "year": "2008",
      "unstructured": "Gago-Duport L, Briones M J I, Rodriguez J B, et al. Amorphous calcium carbonate biomineralization in the earthworm\u2019s calciferous gland: pathways to the formation of crystalline phases. Journal of Structural Biology, 2008, 162: 422\u2013435",
      "journal-title": "Journal of Structural Biology"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR41",
      "first-page": "L23306",
      "volume": "31",
      "author": "A. Meibom",
      "year": "2004",
      "unstructured": "Meibom A, Cuif J P, Hillion F, et al. Distribution of magnesium in a coral skeleton. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2004, 31: L23306\u201323310",
      "journal-title": "Journal of Geophysical Research"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR42",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "431",
      "DOI": "10.1016/j.bone.2006.02.059",
      "volume": "39",
      "author": "N. J. Crane",
      "year": "2006",
      "unstructured": "Crane N J, Popescu V, Morris M D, et al. Raman spectroscopic evidence for octacalcium phosphate and other mineral species deposited during intramembraneous mineralization. Bone, 2006, 39: 431\u2013433",
      "journal-title": "Bone"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR43",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "12748",
      "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.0803354105",
      "volume": "105",
      "author": "J. Mahamid",
      "year": "2008",
      "unstructured": "Mahamid J, Sharir A, Addadi L, et al. Amorphous calcium phosphate is a major component of the forming fin bones of zebrafish: indications for an amorphous precursor phase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008, 105: 12748\u201312753",
      "journal-title": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"
    },
    {
      "key": "36_CR44",
      "doi-asserted-by": "crossref",
      "first-page": "428",
      "DOI": "10.1016/j.jsb.2007.01.001",
      "volume": "158",
      "author": "E. D. Sone",
      "year": "2007",
      "unstructured": "Sone E D, Weiner S, Addadi L. Biomineralization of limpet teeth: A cryo-TEM study of the organic matrix and the onset of mineral deposition. Journal of Structural Biology, 2007, 158: 428\u2013444",
      "journal-title": "Journal of Structural Biology"
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Frontiers of Materials Science in China",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11706-009-0036-x.pdf",
      "content-type": "application/pdf",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11706-009-0036-x/fulltext.html",
      "content-type": "text/html",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11706-009-0036-x",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2021,
        10,
        3
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2021-10-03T12:08:08Z",
    "timestamp": 1633262888000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11706-009-0036-x"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2009,
        3,
        19
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 44,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "2",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          2009,
          6
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "36"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11706-009-0036-x",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "1673-7377",
    "1673-7482"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Front. Mater. Sci. China",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2009,
        3,
        19
      ]
    ]
  }
}