DOI: 10.1002/qj.49708134809. The development of lightning discharges

10.1002/qj.49708134809

Crossref journal-article

Wiley

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society (311)

Abstract

AbstractThe interpretation of experimental observations, described in a preceding paper, of the electrostatic field‐changes due to lightning flashes, is considered. It is found that almost all the recorded field‐changes can be most simply explained in terms of leaders carrying negative charge and originating in the lower part of a thundercloud. Those that reach the ground are succeeded by return strokes. It is considered that both leaders and return strokes consist of a central core surrounded by an envelope of corona; this corona concept, originally advanced by Bruce, leads to a coherent picture of the phenomena observed.

Bibliography

Pierce, E. T. (1955). The development of lightning discharges. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 81(348), 229â240. Portico.

Authors 1

E. T. Pierce (first)

References 35 Referenced 67

10.1038/161970a0
10.1098/rspa.1937.0001
10.1098/rspa.1944.0034
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_5_1', 'first-page': '487', 'volume': '88', 'author': 'Bruce C. E. R.', 'year': '1941', 'journal-title': 'J.I.E.E.'} / J.I.E.E. by Bruce C. E. R. (1941)
10.1098/rspa.1947.0117
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_7_1', 'first-page': '505', 'volume': '10', 'author': 'von Engel A.', 'year': '1929', 'journal-title': 'Z. Tech. Phys.'} / Z. Tech. Phys. by von Engel A. (1929)
10.1103/PhysRev.64.225
10.1029/JZ055i004p00473
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_10_1', 'first-page': '1', 'volume': '81', 'author': 'Goodlet B. L.', 'year': '1937', 'journal-title': 'J.I.E.E.'} / J.I.E.E. by Goodlet B. L. (1937)
10.1038/160395b0
10.1063/1.1698159
10.1088/0370-1301/63/9/302
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_14_1', 'first-page': '57', 'volume': '68', 'author': 'Komelkov V. S.', 'year': '1947', 'journal-title': 'Dokl. Akad. Nauk. U.S.S.R.'} / Dokl. Akad. Nauk. U.S.S.R. by Komelkov V. S. (1947)
Komelkov V. S.1947bBull. Ac. Sci. U.S.S.R. No. 8 p.955.
Komelkov V. S.1950Izv. Akad. Nauk. U.S.S.R. No. 6 p.851.
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_17_1', 'first-page': '545', 'volume-title': 'Fundamental processes of electrical discharge in gases', 'author': 'Loeb L. B.', 'year': '1939'} / Fundamental processes of electrical discharge in gases by Loeb L. B. (1939)
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_18_1', 'first-page': '595', 'volume': '152', 'author': 'Malan D. J.', 'year': '1937', 'journal-title': 'Proc. Roy. Soc. A'} / Proc. Roy. Soc. A by Malan D. J. (1937)
10.1098/rspa.1951.0061
10.1098/rspa.1951.0195
10.1016/S0016-0032(39)90397-2
10.1103/PhysRev.55.972
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_23_1', 'volume-title': 'Dielectric phenomena in high‐voltage engineering', 'author': 'Peek F. W.', 'year': '1929'} / Dielectric phenomena in high‐voltage engineering by Peek F. W. (1929)
10.1002/qj.49708134808
10.1038/162263a0
10.1098/rspa.1938.0009
10.1098/rspa.1953.0169
10.1007/BF02242591
10.1016/0016-0032(54)90895-9
10.1098/rspa.1938.0081
10.1098/rspa.1935.0210
10.1098/rsta.1909.0015
10.1098/rspa.1941.0013
10.1098/rspa.1937.0148
10.1098/rspa.1916.0040
10.1098/rsta.1921.0003

Dates

Type	When
Created	18 years, 6 months ago (Feb. 2, 2007, 6:16 p.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 10 months ago (Oct. 18, 2023, 10:01 p.m.)
Indexed	1 year ago (Aug. 25, 2024, 12:32 a.m.)
Issued	70 years, 5 months ago (April 1, 1955)
Published	70 years, 5 months ago (April 1, 1955)
Published Online	18 years, 8 months ago (Dec. 14, 2006)
Published Print	70 years, 5 months ago (April 1, 1955)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Pierce_1955, title={The development of lightning discharges}, volume={81}, ISSN={1477-870X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.49708134809}, DOI={10.1002/qj.49708134809}, number={348}, journal={Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Pierce, E. T.}, year={1955}, month=apr, pages={229–240} }

JSON

{
  "indexed": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024,
        8,
        25
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2024-08-25T04:32:59Z",
    "timestamp": 1724560379501
  },
  "reference-count": 35,
  "publisher": "Wiley",
  "issue": "348",
  "license": [
    {
      "start": {
        "date-parts": [
          [
            2006,
            12,
            14
          ]
        ],
        "date-time": "2006-12-14T00:00:00Z",
        "timestamp": 1166054400000
      },
      "content-version": "vor",
      "delay-in-days": 18885,
      "URL": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"
    }
  ],
  "content-domain": {
    "domain": [
      "rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"
    ],
    "crossmark-restriction": true
  },
  "published-print": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1955,
        4
      ]
    ]
  },
  "abstract": "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The interpretation of experimental observations, described in a preceding paper, of the electrostatic field\u2010changes due to lightning flashes, is considered. It is found that almost all the recorded field\u2010changes can be most simply explained in terms of leaders carrying negative charge and originating in the lower part of a thundercloud. Those that reach the ground are succeeded by return strokes. It is considered that both leaders and return strokes consist of a central core surrounded by an envelope of corona; this corona concept, originally advanced by Bruce, leads to a coherent picture of the phenomena observed.</jats:p>",
  "DOI": "10.1002/qj.49708134809",
  "type": "journal-article",
  "created": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2007,
        2,
        2
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2007-02-02T23:16:06Z",
    "timestamp": 1170458166000
  },
  "page": "229-240",
  "update-policy": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crossmark_policy",
  "source": "Crossref",
  "is-referenced-by-count": 67,
  "title": "The development of lightning discharges",
  "prefix": "10.1002",
  "volume": "81",
  "author": [
    {
      "given": "E. T.",
      "family": "Pierce",
      "sequence": "first",
      "affiliation": []
    }
  ],
  "member": "311",
  "published-online": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2006,
        12,
        14
      ]
    ]
  },
  "reference": [
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_2_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1038/161970a0"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_3_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspa.1937.0001"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_4_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspa.1944.0034"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_5_1",
      "first-page": "487",
      "volume": "88",
      "author": "Bruce C. E. R.",
      "year": "1941",
      "journal-title": "J.I.E.E."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_6_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspa.1947.0117"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_7_1",
      "first-page": "505",
      "volume": "10",
      "author": "von Engel A.",
      "year": "1929",
      "journal-title": "Z. Tech. Phys."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_8_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.64.225"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_9_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1029/JZ055i004p00473"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_10_1",
      "first-page": "1",
      "volume": "81",
      "author": "Goodlet B. L.",
      "year": "1937",
      "journal-title": "J.I.E.E."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_11_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1038/160395b0"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_12_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1063/1.1698159"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_13_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1088/0370-1301/63/9/302"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_14_1",
      "first-page": "57",
      "volume": "68",
      "author": "Komelkov V. S.",
      "year": "1947",
      "journal-title": "Dokl. Akad. Nauk. U.S.S.R."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_15_1",
      "unstructured": "Komelkov V. S.1947bBull. Ac. Sci. U.S.S.R. No. 8 p.955."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_16_1",
      "unstructured": "Komelkov V. S.1950Izv. Akad. Nauk. U.S.S.R. No. 6 p.851."
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_17_1",
      "first-page": "545",
      "volume-title": "Fundamental processes of electrical discharge in gases",
      "author": "Loeb L. B.",
      "year": "1939"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_18_1",
      "first-page": "595",
      "volume": "152",
      "author": "Malan D. J.",
      "year": "1937",
      "journal-title": "Proc. Roy. Soc. A"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_19_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspa.1951.0061"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_20_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspa.1951.0195"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_21_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/S0016-0032(39)90397-2"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_22_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRev.55.972"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_23_1",
      "volume-title": "Dielectric phenomena in high\u2010voltage engineering",
      "author": "Peek F. W.",
      "year": "1929"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_24_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1002/qj.49708134808"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_25_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1038/162263a0"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_26_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspa.1938.0009"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_27_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspa.1953.0169"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_28_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1007/BF02242591"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_29_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1016/0016-0032(54)90895-9"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_30_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspa.1938.0081"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_31_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspa.1935.0210"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_32_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rsta.1909.0015"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_33_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspa.1941.0013"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_34_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspa.1937.0148"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_35_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rspa.1916.0040"
    },
    {
      "key": "e_1_2_1_36_1",
      "doi-asserted-by": "publisher",
      "DOI": "10.1098/rsta.1921.0003"
    }
  ],
  "container-title": "Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society",
  "original-title": [],
  "language": "en",
  "link": [
    {
      "URL": "https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fqj.49708134809",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "text-mining"
    },
    {
      "URL": "https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/qj.49708134809",
      "content-type": "unspecified",
      "content-version": "vor",
      "intended-application": "similarity-checking"
    }
  ],
  "deposited": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2023,
        10,
        19
      ]
    ],
    "date-time": "2023-10-19T02:01:15Z",
    "timestamp": 1697680875000
  },
  "score": 1,
  "resource": {
    "primary": {
      "URL": "https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/qj.49708134809"
    }
  },
  "subtitle": [],
  "short-title": [],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1955,
        4
      ]
    ]
  },
  "references-count": 35,
  "journal-issue": {
    "issue": "348",
    "published-print": {
      "date-parts": [
        [
          1955,
          4
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "alternative-id": [
    "10.1002/qj.49708134809"
  ],
  "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.49708134809",
  "relation": {},
  "ISSN": [
    "0035-9009",
    "1477-870X"
  ],
  "subject": [],
  "container-title-short": "Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc",
  "published": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        1955,
        4
      ]
    ]
  },
  "assertion": [
    {
      "value": "1954-12-01",
      "order": 0,
      "name": "received",
      "label": "Received",
      "group": {
        "name": "publication_history",
        "label": "Publication History"
      }
    },
    {
      "value": "2006-12-14",
      "order": 2,
      "name": "published",
      "label": "Published",
      "group": {
        "name": "publication_history",
        "label": "Publication History"
      }
    }
  ]
}