DOI: 10.1002/jms.208. Charge‐reduced nano electrospray ionization combined with differential mobility analysis of peptides, proteins, glycoproteins, noncovalent protein complexes and viruses

Charge‐reduced nano electrospray ionization combined with differential mobility analysis of peptides, proteins, glycoproteins, noncovalent protein complexes and viruses

10.1002/jms.208

Crossref journal-article

Wiley

Journal of Mass Spectrometry (311)

Abstract

AbstractThis study explores the potential of a novel electrospray‐based method, termed gas‐phase electrophoretic mobility molecular analysis (GEMMA), allowing the molecular mass determination of peptides, proteins and noncovalent biocomplexes up to 2 MDa (dimer of immunglobulin M). The macromolecular ions were formed by nano electrospray ionization (ESI) in the ‘cone jet’ mode. The multiple charged state of the monodisperse droplets/ions generated was reduced by means of bipolar ionized air (generated by an α‐particle source) to yield exclusively singly charged positive and negative ions as well as neutrals. These ions are separated subsequently at atmospheric pressure using a nano differential mobility analyzer according to their electrophoretic mobility in air. Finally, the ions are detected using a standard condensation particle counter. Data were expressed as electrophoretic mobility diameters by applying the Millikan equation. The measured electrophoretic mobility diameters, or Millikan diameters, of 32 well‐defined proteins were plotted against their molecular weights in the range 3.5 to 1920 kDa and exhibited an excellent squared correlation coefficient (r2 = 0.999). This finding allowed the exact molecular weight determination of large (glyco)proteins and noncovalent biocomplexes by means of this new technique with a mass accuracy of ±5.6% up to 2 MDa at the femtomole level. From the molecular masses of the weakly bound, large protein complexes thus obtained, the binding stoichiometry of the intact complex and the complex stability as a function of pH, for example, can be derived. Examples of specific protein complexes, such as the avidin or catalase homo‐tetramer, are used to illustrate the potential of the technique for characterization of high‐mass biospecific complexes. A discussion of current and future applications of charge‐reduced nano ESI GEMMA, such as chemical reaction monitoring (reduction process of immunglobulin G) or size determination of an intact virus, a supramolecular complex, and monitoring of partial dissociation of a human rhinoviruses, is provided. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Bibliography

Bacher, G., Szymanski, W. W., Kaufman, S. L., ZÃ¶llner, P., Blaas, D., & Allmaier, G. (2001). Chargeâreduced nano electrospray ionization combined with differential mobility analysis of peptides, proteins, glycoproteins, noncovalent protein complexes and viruses. Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 36(9), 1038â1052. Portico.

Authors 6

Gerold Bacher (first)
Wladyslaw W. Szymanski (additional)
Stanley L. Kaufman (additional)
Peter Zöllner (additional)
Dieter Blaas (additional)
Günter Allmaier (additional)

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Dates

Type	When
Created	22 years, 11 months ago (Aug. 25, 2002, 4:44 p.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 10 months ago (Sept. 27, 2023, 12:09 p.m.)
Indexed	2 weeks, 1 day ago (Aug. 6, 2025, 9:12 a.m.)
Issued	23 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 1, 2001)
Published	23 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 1, 2001)
Published Online	23 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 4, 2001)
Published Print	23 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 1, 2001)

Funders 2

Austrian Science Foundation
Awards1
1. 14181
Jubiläumsfond of the Austrian National Bank
Awards1
1. 7473

BibTeX

@article{Bacher_2001, title={Charge‐reduced nano electrospray ionization combined with differential mobility analysis of peptides, proteins, glycoproteins, noncovalent protein complexes and viruses}, volume={36}, ISSN={1096-9888}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jms.208}, DOI={10.1002/jms.208}, number={9}, journal={Journal of Mass Spectrometry}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Bacher, Gerold and Szymanski, Wladyslaw W. and Kaufman, Stanley L. and Zöllner, Peter and Blaas, Dieter and Allmaier, Günter}, year={2001}, month=sep, pages={1038–1052} }

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