DOI: 10.1002/app.1992.070460204. Application of compressed carbon dioxide in the incorporation of additives into polymers

Application of compressed carbon dioxide in the incorporation of additives into polymers

10.1002/app.1992.070460204

Crossref journal-article

Wiley

Journal of Applied Polymer Science (311)

Abstract

AbstractIt has been found that carbon dioxide remarkably accelerates the absorption of many low molecular weight additives into a number of glassy polymers. This effect is due to the high diffusivity, solubility, and plasticizing action of compressed CO2 in polymers. The transport of CO2 and the effects of CO2 pressure on the transport of other low molecular weight compounds in polymers have been studied by a simple gravimetric method: Polymer film samples were contacted in a pressure vessel with compressed CO2, or with CO2 plus various organic liquids or solids, and the sample weight was followed with a fast‐response electronic balance during subsequent desorption at atmospheric pressure. Upon release of the pressure, absorbed CO2 rapidly diffuses from the polymer, while the other compounds desorb much more slowly. The amount of additive absorbed can be determined from the plateau weight of the sample after most of the CO2 has escaped. Extensive kinetic and equilibrium data are reported for the model system poly(vinyl chloride)/dimethyl phthalate/CO2, and a number of other examples of CO2‐assisted additive absorption are given. This “infusion” process, in effect, amounts to the partitioning of the additive between the CO2‐ and polymer‐rich phases; consequently, the relative solubility of the additive in CO2 and in the polymer is a major factor governing the amount of additive absorbed. Data reported here illustrate the generality and potentially broad applicability of CO2‐assisted polymer impregnation.

Bibliography

Berens, A. R., Huvard, G. S., Korsmeyer, R. W., & Kunig, F. W. (1992). Application of compressed carbon dioxide in the incorporation of additives into polymers. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 46(2), 231â242. Portico.

Authors 4

Alan R. Berens (first)
Gary S. Huvard (additional)
Richard W. Korsmeyer (additional)
F. W. Kunig (additional)

References 19 Referenced 227

{'key': 'e_1_2_1_2_2', 'series-title': 'ACS Symposium Series 406', 'volume-title': 'Supercritical Fluid Science and Technology', 'author': 'Berens A. R.', 'year': '1989'} / Supercritical Fluid Science and Technology / ACS Symposium Series 406 by Berens A. R. (1989)
10.1021/ma00162a030
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_4_2', 'first-page': '415', 'volume-title': 'Supercritical Fluid Technology', 'author': 'Liau I. S.', 'year': '1985'} / Supercritical Fluid Technology by Liau I. S. (1985)
10.1002/polb.1986.090240915
10.1002/polb.1987.090251206
10.1002/pol.1982.180200804
10.1002/app.1985.070300626
10.1002/polb.1986.090240501
10.1016/S0376-7388(00)81415-5
10.1002/masy.19890290108
A. R.Berens G. S.Huvard andR. W.Korsmeyer U.S. Pat. 4 820 752 (1989) (toBFGoodrich).
M. L.Sand U.S. Pat. 4 598 006 (1986) (toHercules).
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_14_2', 'volume-title': 'Diffusion in Polymers', 'author': 'Crank J.', 'year': '1968'} / Diffusion in Polymers by Crank J. (1968)
10.1002/pol.1946.120010204
10.1021/j150522a014
10.1002/app.1989.070370405
10.1021/i300017a030
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_19_2', 'volume-title': 'Polymer Handbook', 'author': 'Grulke E. A.', 'year': '1989'} / Polymer Handbook by Grulke E. A. (1989)
{'key': 'e_1_2_1_20_2', 'first-page': '219', 'volume-title': 'CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters', 'author': 'Barton A. F. M.', 'year': '1983'} / CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters by Barton A. F. M. (1983)

Dates

Type	When
Created	22 years, 4 months ago (April 15, 2003, 4:55 p.m.)
Deposited	1 year, 9 months ago (Nov. 20, 2023, 6:07 p.m.)
Indexed	2 weeks, 5 days ago (Aug. 6, 2025, 8:22 a.m.)
Issued	32 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 15, 1992)
Published	32 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 15, 1992)
Published Online	22 years, 5 months ago (March 10, 2003)
Published Print	32 years, 11 months ago (Sept. 15, 1992)

Funders 0

None

BibTeX

@article{Berens_1992, title={Application of compressed carbon dioxide in the incorporation of additives into polymers}, volume={46}, ISSN={1097-4628}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070460204}, DOI={10.1002/app.1992.070460204}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Applied Polymer Science}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Berens, Alan R. and Huvard, Gary S. and Korsmeyer, Richard W. and Kunig, F. W.}, year={1992}, month=sep, pages={231–242} }

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